Recycling of epidermal growth factor-receptor complexes in A431 cells: identification of dual pathways

The intracellular sorting of EGF-receptor complexes (EGF-RC) has been studied in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells. Recycling of EGF was found to occur rapidly after internalization at 37 degrees C. The initial rate of EGF recycling was reduced at 18 degrees C. A significant pool of internalized EGF was incapable of recycling at 18 degrees C but began to recycle when cells were warmed to 37 degrees C. The relative rate of EGF outflow at 37 degrees C from cells exposed to an 18 degrees C temperature block was slower (t1/2 approximately 20 min) than the rate from cells not exposed to a temperature block (t1/2 approximately 5-7 min). These data suggest that there might be both short- and long-time cycles of EGF recycling in A431 cells. Examination of the intracellular EGF-RC dissociation and dynamics of short- and long-time recycling indicated that EGF recycled as EGF-RC. Moreover, EGF receptors that were covalently labeled with a photoactivatable derivative of 125I-EGF recycled via the long-time pathway at a rate similar to that of 125I-EGF. Since EGF-RC degradation was also blocked at 18 degrees C, we propose that sorting to the lysosomal and long-time recycling pathway may occur after a highly temperature-sensitive step, presumably in the late endosomes

Estimation of the geographical coordinates of objects on the image with multi-task convolutional neural networks

Determining GPS coordinates of the objects on the image is exceptionally complex problem. Images often contain enough information such as landmarks, cloud texture, grass type, road signs or architectural features that allow suggesting the location where the photo was taken. Previously, such issue was solved with image search methods. In contrast, the problem is stated as a classification task, subdividing the Earth's surface into geographical cells using a special type of space- filling curve. Thousands of differently scaled geographical cells, used to train the model. In this paper, several deep learning methods that follow the latter approach and take advantage of multitask learning are presented. Taking into account the content of the scene of the image, i.e. inside, outside, wild or urban setting, etc. is proposed. As a result, additional information with different spatial resolutions as well as more specific features for different environments are included in the learning process of the convolutional neural network. Reported metrics demonstrate the effectiveness of our out-of-the-box approach, while using a helper network to combine two datasets combined to spread scene labels on GPS dataset and receive more robust model. This model does not rely on search methods, which require an enormous amount of computational power, and implements a probabilistic approach

Percolation in Models of Thin Film Depositions

We have studied the percolation behaviour of deposits for different (2+1)-dimensional models of surface layer formation. The mixed model of deposition was used, where particles were deposited selectively according to the random (RD) and ballistic (BD) deposition rules. In the mixed one-component models with deposition of only conducting particles, the mean height of the percolation layer (measured in monolayers) grows continuously from 0.89832 for the pure RD model to 2.605 for the pure RD model, but the percolation transition belong to the same universality class, as in the 2- dimensional random percolation problem. In two- component models with deposition of conducting and isolating particles, the percolation layer height approaches infinity as concentration of the isolating particles becomes higher than some critical value. The crossover from 2d to 3d percolation was observed with increase of the percolation layer height.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MELANOMA SKIN CANCER AND SURVIVAL OF ONCOLOGY PATIENTS IN KRASNODAR REGION

Aim. To assess the effectiveness of preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic work of the oncological service of Krasnodar Region, analyze the epidemiological features of morbidity, mortality, indicators reflecting the diagnosis (the proportion of early detection, neglect) in patients with melanoma skin cancer for the period 2007–2017, and the survival of cancer patients in Krasnodar Region for the period 2007–2016.Materials and methods. Subjects of the study were patients with newly diagnosed melanoma skin cancer in Krasnodar Region for the period 2007–2017. Using an automated information and analytical system the Population Cancer Registry, survival of 3 961 patients with melanoma skin cancer for the period 2007–2016 was analyzed. Standardized rates of morbidity and mortality were calculated according to the accepted world standard with the same age groupings. Statistical processing of data according to the studied indicators was carried out using statistical software packages Statistica. The reliability of the difference in the relative indicators was determined by the t test of the Student, the significance level was adopted as p <0.05.Results. For the period from 2007 to 2017, there has been a significant trend towards an increase in the incidence of melanoma skin cancer of the population of Krasnodar Region. The incidence of melanoma skin cancer in Krasnodar Region is higher than the average for the Russian Federation, which may be due to the presence of an increased level of insolation. During the analyzed period there has been a decrease in the indicator of neglect. With the increase in the stage of melanoma skin cancer, the survival rates both in general among all the diseased and among patients of working age are decreasing. The highest rates of observed and adjusted survival in patients with melanoma skin cancer reduce in the first three years from the date of diagnosis. The indicators of the observed and corrected survival of men of working age with melanoma skin cancer are lower than in women of working age. The indicators of the observed and corrected survival of women of working age with melanoma skin cancer are higher than among the population of all age groups.Сonclusion. The study showed a high level of early diagnosis and quality of treatment for patients with melanoma skin cancer in the Krasnodar Region, as positive trends in the rates of observed and adjusted survival of patients were noted

Endoscopic endonasal approaches to the skull base tumors: minimally-invasive approach with achievement of radicality. Our experience

Objective: to optimize surgical tactic of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal (EET) approaches in cases of tumors with intra- and extracranial extension.Material and methods. For the period of 2013–2019, we retrospectively reviewed 39 patients with tumors of intra-extra skull base location or just extracranial extension. Tumor location and pathology: tumors in pterygopalatine fossa (paraganglioma, carcinoma, neurilemmoma, neurofibroma, chondrosarcoma) — 10 (25.6 %), pituitary adenomas with sphenoid sinus and/or parasellar extension — 14 (35.9 %), sphenoid sinus tumors (carcinoma, neurilemmoma, fibrous dysplasia, angiofibroma, esthesioneuroblastoma) — 8 (20.5 %), petroclival tumors — 6 (15.4 %): hemangiopericytoma — 1, clival tumors — 5 (chordoma), sella turcica lesion with posterior clinoid recess extension (osteoma) – 1 (2.5 %). The extended EET approaches used were as follows: EET + transpterygoid approach — 22 (56.4 %) (in 4 (18.1 %) cases transmaxillary approach was additionally used), extended EET + transclival approach — 4 (10.2 %), EET + transcavernous approach — 2 (5.1 %), EET + transethmoidal approach — 11 (28.2 %). In all cases, we used Karl Storz rigid 4mm 18cm with 0 and 30-degree angled optics. The extent of resection was determined based on routine postoperative CT scans performed within 24 hours after surgery. The volume of resection was evaluated using gadolinium. Gross total resection was defined as the resection of 100 % of the target lesion, subtotal resection as less than 100 % volumetric reduction of the lesion on postoperative CT scans. Further follow-up was done in three, six months and 1 year after surgery, then annually by MRI scanning with gadolinium.Results. Gross total resection was achieved in 7 (77.8 %) cases of tumor in pterygopalatine fossa. In cases of pituitary adenomas with Knosp 3, Knosp 4 cavernous sinus extension, gross total resection was achieved in 7 (53.8 %) individuals. Sphenoid sinus tumors were totally removed in 5 (62.5 %) cases. Subtotal resection was achieved in 11 (28.2 %) cases. Partial resection was achieved in 8 (20.5 %) cases. Postoperative complications were observed in 5 (12.1 %) cases.Conclusions Transethmoidal extended endoscopic endonasal approach is sufficient and good to access the anterior wall of the cavernous sinus improving visualization and better removing of cavernous sinus pathology extension. Transpterygoid extended endoscopic endonasal approach provides sufficient visualization of pterygopalatine fossa, petroclival region. Transmaxillary extension allows reaching the subtemporal region

Features of diagnostics of gastroesophageal and duodenogastric reflux in patients with complicated forms of peptic ulcer.

Purpose – to improve the results of surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer due to preoperative diagnosis of concomitant reflux disease and its correction. Before surgery, 46 patients with complicated forms of peptic  ulcer disease underwent pH monitoring and 23 – impedance-pH monitoring. Pathological gastroesophageal reflux was found in 58 cases. Before surgery, esophageal pH monitoring was performed in 46 patients with complicated forms of peptic ulcer disease. Against the background of hyper – and normacidity of the stomach in 39 patients pathological acidic gastroesophageal reflux disease with a significant increase of De Meester index was confirmed. Impedance-pH monitoring was performed before surgery in 23 patients with complicated forms of peptic ulcer and concomitant gastroesophageal reflux. Erosive form of gastroesophageal reflux disease was confirmed endoscopically in all patients with hyperacidity (17) and normal acidity (6) of the stomach. In 19 cases pathological gastroesophageal reflux disease was found. In 13 cases the cause of disorders in anti-reflux barrier was a diaphragmatic hernia of I-II degree. Gastroesophageal reflux disease was caused by increased intragastric pressure due to ulcer stenosis in 6 patients. pH- monitoring in patients with acidic gastroesophageal reflux allows to establish a pathological or physiological reflux. Conducting impedance-pH monitoring allows to determine the number of reflux episodes and their qualitative characteristics (acidic or alkaline; liquid, gas or mixed), as well as to determine the indications for a differentiated approach in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux

Patient routing and process approach implementation for regional oncology service

Background. Cancer care involves a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment of patients. A complex interaction of actors in the deployment of oncology services dictates usage of modern management technologies for improving the quality and efficiency of patient care through processes optimisation.Objectives. Provision of recommendations for patient routing based on research into the oncology service inter-level information exchange, integration of the process approach and electronic services. The lack of a unified information space with a regional oncology service has been explained. Measures are proposed for the patient routing optimisation as part of establishing a unified digital oncology service circuit.Methods. The oncology service was effectively remodelled through functional and information engineering of electronic services and the process management integration to establish a horizontal decision flow between facilities and employees on a process level bypassing the supervisor coordination. Statistical approaches were used to analyse the oncological patient population.Results. The following electronic services have been implemented: specialised patient referral routing, telemedicine and teleradiology. A comprehensive information framework has been created comprising medical, laboratory and radiological information subsystems integrated through regional electronic services of the unified state healthcare information platform. The goals, objectives, general principles, architecture and expected social economic impact on healthcare of Krasnodar Krai have been defined.Conclusion. Use of electronic services ensures an improved quality of specialised care and effective routing of patients. We perceive prospects of the integrated information platform in the extension and improvement of its subsystems’ functionality and content, sourcing more data providers and the circuit expansion to the federal and regional levels

Ce-doped Li6Ln(BO3)3 (Ln = Y, Gd) Single crystals fibers grown by micro-pulling down method and luminescence properties

Ce3+-doped borate crystal fibers of Li6Gd(BO 3)3 (LGBO) and Li6Y(BO3)3 (LYBO) compositions are grown by the micro-pulling down (μ-PD) method for potential application in developing new neutron detectors. The ternary equilibrium diagram of Li2O-Gd2O3-B 2O3 is drawn and the preparations of homogeneous mixed LGBO and LYBO powders and growth conditions for single crystal fibers are discussed. Absorption, excitation and X-ray luminescence spectra are investigated. Absolute light yield derived from energy spectra and kinetic decay curves measured under α- and γ-scintillations of Ce 3+-doped LGBO and LYBO single crystal fibers is provided. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Model of demand for labor in the urfo pharmaceutical market

The purpose of the study is to comprehensive assessment of the structure of demand for labor in the pharmaceutical market of the URFO to build empirical functions of the demand for labor resources for pharmaceutical specialists with different qualifications.Цель исследования – комплексная оценка структуры спроса на труд на фармацевтическом рынке УрФО для построения эмпирических функций спроса на трудовые ресурсы для фармацевтических специалистов с разной квалификацией