Evaluation of Pumping-Test Data in Piketon, Ohio

Analytical methods of evaluating pumping-tests in water-table aquifers have historically made simplifying assumptions that resulted in imprecise values of hydraulic parameters. A new analytical method and computer program developed by Dr. Allen F. Moench was used to evaluate data from a pumping test conducted in a water-table aquifer near Piketon, Ohio, in 1963. The average anisotropy ratio was 8.1, lower than the previously calculated averages of 17 using the Neuman method and 71 using the Stallman method. The average value of specific yield was 0.3, which is higher than the previously calculated values of 0.09 using the Neuman method, 0.2 using the Stallman method.No embarg

Multi-taxic palaeohistological analyses of vertebrates originating from the Upper Triassic at Krasiejów (SW Poland) and an assessment of growth patterns in comparative taxa

Palaeohistology is a good source of information about the biology of extinct animals as it provides insight into skeletochronology, metabolic rate or mode of life. The Polish Krasiejów locality recovers a unique Upper Triassic ecosystem with the aquatic temnospondyl amphibians Metoposaurus krasiejowensis, and Cyclotosaurus intermedius, the aquatic to semi-aquatic phytosaur Parasuchus cf. arenaceus, the terrestrial aetosaur Stagonolepis olenkae and the volant proterosaur Ozimek volans. This is the first study sampling phylogenetically distant, ectotherm taxa originating from one locality, with consideration of bone adaptation, phylogenetic relationship or ontogenetic stage, as a possible growth pattern alteration. Humeri and femora of all above-mentioned taxa were sampled in order to study the histological growth pattern and to analyse if the external, e.g., environmental and/or palaeoclimatic factors influenced the growth. Independent of the phylogenetic position or the ontogenetic stage, the temnospondyls, phytosaurs and aetosaur bones from Krasiejów grew with a lamellar-zonal bone type (LZB) consisting of parallel-fibred bone, grading into lamellar bone. A complete growth mark consists of a vascularised zone and an (almost) avascular annulus, but lacking the deposition of a Line of Arrested Growth (LAGs). Surprisingly, both the amphibians and reptiles grew with a similar pattern, despite their distant phylogeny, or different modes of life, implying a strong influence of external features on the growth pattern over the primary genotypic signal. The only herein studied taxon from Krasiejów showing, beside zones and annuli, the deposition of LAGs is O. volans; however, its unique pattern is most probably linked with the biomechanical bone adaptation to gliding. In addition, the comparative taxa sampled from German localities, namely the phytosaur Nicrosaurus sp. and the aetosaur Aetosaurus ferratus, and the Indian temnospondyl amphibian Panthasaurus maleriensis, showed that the animals grew also with LZB, the same as the Polish taxa, but either showed deposition of LAGs (Nicrosaurus) or revealed the ontogenetic influence, thus, the Aetosaurus were too young to be able to deposit growth marks. A comparison with literature data showed, that aetosaurs and phytosaurs from North and South America are characterised by a rapid deposited of fibro-lamellar bone type with multiple LAGs preserved, which is distinctly different from the specimens sampled herein. Further, the Moroccan metoposaurid, Dutuitosaurus ouazzoui, beside growing with LZB, similar to the taxa sampled herein, preserved multiple LAGs. This implies a strong influence of the external factors on the growth pattern on animals at the family level (e.g., Metoposaurus and Panthasaurus vs. Dutuitosaurus), occupying the same ecological niche but separated geographically; similar to aetosaurs and phytosaurs. Finally, this suggests strong climatic differences during the Upper Triassic between today’s Europe and Asia and that of North and South America and Africa. Moreover, it is astonishing, that animals from one locality, occupying different ecological niches seem to copy a growth pattern influenced by climatic and/or environmental conditions, rather than grow with the genetically induced signal

Risk Taking, Impulsiveness, and the Age-Crime Relationship

The study\u27s purpose was to determine the influence of risk-taking and impulsiveness on criminal behavior, the factors\u27 relationship to each other and their relationship, to age. It was hoped that the data would help explain the phenomenon of criminal burnout. Subjects were three groups of males aged 18 to 44, classed by their criminal history. Group One was 83 prisoners; group two, 53 subjects who had never been arrested; group three, 28 who had been arrested or incarcerated in the past, but who were not incarcerated at this time (the erstwhile group). Measures utilized were the Self-control (Sc) scale from the California Psychological Inventory, Risk-taking (Rtg) and Infrequency (Inf) scales from the Jackson Personality Inventory, a modified Choice Dilemmas Questionnaire, the Impulsiveness (Imp) and Venturesomeness (Ven) scales from the Eysenck, Pearson, Easting, and Allsopp (1985) 1-7, and two behavioral measures: volunteering and cigarette smoking. Intercorrelations were computed over-all and by group; analyses of variance were performed on the three groups\u27 scares on each measure. Impulsiveness and risk-taking were found to be related but separate concepts. Self-control (Sc), Imp, Ven, Inf and the two behavioral measures, volunteering and smoking, differentiated the three groups, with prisoners scaring significantly higher on Imp, Inf and risky behaviors than nonprisoners, and significantly lower on Sc. Causal inferences about the influence of impulsiveness on criminal behavior are supported by the erstwhile group\u27s scores, which fall between the prisoners\u27 and never-arresteds\u27 scores. Causal inferences are further supported by the significant positive relationship of impulsiveness to the individual\u27s total number of arrests, and the significant negative relationship between self-control and total number of arrests, also on the significant correlation between Imp and amount of time elapsed since last arrest. Venturesomeness differentiated the three groups in an unexpected manner. The erstwhile group was the significantly higher scorer, suggesting a transformation of impulsiveness into less antisocial responses are 1) occurring, and 2) adaptive. Risk-taking had nearly a zero relationship to age. Impulsiveness is related to age in only one case: the group who had never been arrested significantly decrease in impulsiveness with age. This is not the case with prisoners or erstwhiles whose impulsiveness was found to decrease not with age but with other salient factors such as number of arrests and amount of time since last arrest/release. These findings suggest not only the critical involvement of impulsiveness in criminality, but also point to the developmental nature of this crucial quality. The value of these findings is their potential use in crime prevention and criminal rehabilitation

Synthesis and catalytic performance of CeOCl in Deacon reaction

Surface chlorinated CeO2 is an efficient material for HCl oxidation, which raises the question whether an oxychloride phase could be also active in the same reaction. CeOCl was synthesized by solid state reaction of cerium oxide with anhydrous cerium chloride and tested in HCl oxidation using various feed compositions at 703 K. X-ray diffraction of post-reaction samples revealed that CeOCl is unstable, in both oxygen-rich and -lean conditions. Applying oxygen over-stoichiometric feeds led to complete transformation of CeOCl into CeO2. Considerable HCl conversions were obtained only after this transformation, which confirms the essential role of bulk cerium oxide in this catalytic system

Irregular singularities in Liouville theory

Motivated by problems arising in the study of N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories we introduce and study irregular singularities in two-dimensional conformal field theory, here Liouville theory. Irregular singularities are associated to representations of the Virasoro algebra in which a subset of the annihilation part of the algebra act diagonally. In this paper we define natural bases for the space of conformal blocks in the presence of irregular singularities, describe how to calculate their series expansions, and how such conformal blocks can be constructed by some delicate limiting procedure from ordinary conformal blocks. This leads us to a proposal for the structure functions appearing in the decomposition of physical correlation functions with irregular singularities into conformal blocks. Taken together, we get a precise prediction for the partition functions of some Argyres-Douglas type theories on the four-sphere.Comment: 84 pages, 6 figure

Analytic Continuation of Liouville Theory

Correlation functions in Liouville theory are meromorphic functions of the Liouville momenta, as is shown explicitly by the DOZZ formula for the three-point function on the sphere. In a certain physical region, where a real classical solution exists, the semiclassical limit of the DOZZ formula is known to agree with what one would expect from the action of the classical solution. In this paper, we ask what happens outside of this physical region. Perhaps surprisingly we find that, while in some range of the Liouville momenta the semiclassical limit is associated to complex saddle points, in general Liouville's equations do not have enough complex-valued solutions to account for the semiclassical behavior. For a full picture, we either must include "solutions" of Liouville's equations in which the Liouville field is multivalued (as well as being complex-valued), or else we can reformulate Liouville theory as a Chern-Simons theory in three dimensions, in which the requisite solutions exist in a more conventional sense. We also study the case of "timelike" Liouville theory, where we show that a proposal of Al. B. Zamolodchikov for the exact three-point function on the sphere can be computed by the original Liouville path integral evaluated on a new integration cycle.Comment: 86 pages plus appendices, 9 figures, minor typos fixed, references added, more discussion of the literature adde

Liouville Correlation Functions from Four-dimensional Gauge Theories

We conjecture an expression for the Liouville theory conformal blocks and correlation functions on a Riemann surface of genus g and n punctures as the Nekrasov partition function of a certain class of N=2 SCFTs recently defined by one of the authors. We conduct extensive tests of the conjecture at genus 0,1.Comment: 32 pages, 8 figures; v2: minor corrections, published versio

Vertex Operators in AdS3×S3AdS_3\times S^3 Background with NS_NS Flux using Berkovits-Vafa-Witten Variables

String equations for the vertex operators of type IIB on $AdS_3\times S^3$ background with NS-NS flux are calculated using Berkovits-Vafa-Witten formalism. With suitable field definitions, the linearized field equations for six-dimensional supergravity and a tensor multiplet on $AdS_3\times S^3$ are recovered from these. We also discuss the massless degrees of freedom that survive the $S^3$ Kaluza-Klein compactification and how our vertex operators are related to the vertex operators introduced by Giveon, Kutasov and Seiberg.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX, added new reference

Thermal Correlators in Little String Theory

We calculate, using holographic duality, the thermal two-point function in finite temperature little string theory. The analysis of those correlators reveals possible instabilities of the thermal ensemble, as in previous discussions of the thermodynamics of little string theory. We comment on the dependence of the instability on the spatial volume of the system.Comment: 13 page

H(3)+ correlators from Liouville theory

We prove that arbitrary correlation functions of the H(3)+ model on a sphere have a simple expression in terms of Liouville theory correlation functions. This is based on the correspondence between the KZ and BPZ equations, and on relations between the structure constants of Liouville theory and the H(3)+ model. In the critical level limit, these results imply a direct link between eigenvectors of the Gaudin Hamiltonians and the problem of uniformization of Riemann surfaces. We also present an expression for correlation functions of the SL(2)/U(1) coset model in terms of correlation functions in Liouville theory.Comment: 24 pages, v3: minor changes, references adde