CROSS-DB: a feature-extended multidimensional data model for statistical and scientific databases

Statistical and scientific computing applications exhibit characteristics that are fundamentally different from classical database system application domains. The CROSS-DB data model presented in this paper is optimized for use in such applications by providing advanced data modelling methods and application-oriented query facilities, thus providing a framework for optimized data management procedures. CROSS-DB (which stands for Classification-oriented, Redundancy-based Optimization of Statistical and Scientific DataBases) is based on a multidimensional data view. The model differs from other approaches by o~ering two complementary rnechanisrnsfor structuring qualifying information, classification and feature description. Using these mechanisms results in a normalized, low-dimensional database schema which ensures both, modelling uniqueness and understandability while providing enhanced modelling flexibility

08492 Abstracts Collection -- Structured Decompositions and Efficient Algorithms

From 30.11. to 05.12.2008, the Dagstuhl Seminar 08492 ``Structured Decompositions and Efficient Algorithms \u27\u27 was held in Schloss Dagstuhl~--~Leibniz Center for Informatics. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general. Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available

Evaluation of the Impact of a Public Bicycle Share Program on Population Bicycling in Vancouver, BC

Public bicycle share programs have been implemented in cities around the world to encourage bicycling. However, there are limited evaluations of the impact of these programs on bicycling at the population level. This study examined the impact of a public bicycle share program on bicycling amongst residents of Vancouver, BC. Using an online panel, we surveyed a population-based sample of Vancouver residents three times: prior to the implementation of the public bicycle share program (T0, October 2015, n=1111); in the early phase of implementation (T1, October 2016, n=995); and one-year post implementation (T2, October 2017, n=966). We used difference in differences estimation to assess whether there was an increase in bicycling amongst those living and/or working in close proximity (≤500 m) to Vancouver\u27s Mobi by Shaw Go public bicycle share program, compared to those living and working outside this area. Results suggest that only living or only working inside the bicycle share service area was not associated with increases in bicycling at T1 or T2 relative to those outside the service area. Both living and working inside the bicycle share service area was associated with increases in bicycling at T1 (OR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.07, 4.80), however not at T2 (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 0.67, 2.83). These findings indicate that the implementation of a public bicycle share program may have a greater effect on bicycling for residents who both live and work within the service area, although this effect may not be sustained over time.&nbsp

Bike Score®: Associations between urban bikeability and cycling behavior in 24 cities

Background: There is growing interest in designing cities that support not only walking, but also cycling. Bike Score® is a metric capturing environmental characteristics associated with cycling that is now available for over 160 US and Canadian cities. Our aim was to determine if Bike Score was associated with between and within-city variability in cycling behavior. Methods We used linear regression to model associations between Bike Score and journey to work cycling mode share (US: American Community Survey, 2013 or 2012 5-year estimates; Canada: 2011 National Household Survey) for 5664 census tracts in 24 US and Canadian cities. Results At the city level, the correlation between mean Bike Score and mean journey to work cycling mode share was moderate (r = 0.52). At the census tract level, the correlation was 0.35; a ten-unit increase in Bike Score was associated with a 0.5 % (95 % CI: 0.5 to 0.6) increase in the proportion of population cycling to work, a meaningful difference given the low modal shares (mean = 1.9 %) in many North American cities. Census tracts with the highest Bike Scores (>90 to 100) had mode shares 4.0 % higher (β = 4.0, 95 % CI: 2.9 to 5.0) than the lowest Bike Score areas (0–25). City specific analyses indicated between-city variability in associations, with regression estimates between Bike Score and mode share ranging from 0.2 to 3.5 %. Conclusions The Bike Score metric was associated bicycle mode share between and within cities, suggesting its utility for planning bicycle infrastructure.Medicine, Faculty ofNon UBCPopulation and Public Health (SPPH), School ofReviewedFacult

Proximity to four bikeway types and neighbourhood-level cycling mode share of male and female commuters

This article is part of the Proceedings of the 6th Annual International Cycling Safety Conference held in Davis, California, USA on September 20th through 23rd in the year 2017.<br><br>Paper ID: 2

08492 Executive Summary -- Structured Decompositions and Efficient Algorithms

New emerging technologies such as high-precision sensors or new MRI machines drive us towards a challenging quest for new, more effective, and more daring mathematical models and algorithms. Therefore, in the last few years researchers have started to investigate different methods to efficiently represent or extract relevant information from complex, high dimensional and/or multimodal data. Efficiently in this context means a representation that is linked to the features or characteristics of interest, thereby typically providing a sparse expansion of such. Besides the construction of new and advanced ansatz systems the central question is how to design algorithms that are able to treat complex and high dimensional data and that efficiently perform a suitable approximation of the signal. One of the main challenges is to design new sparse approximation algorithms that would ideally combine, with an adjustable tradeoff, two properties: a provably good `quality\u27 of the resulting decomposition under mild assumptions on the analyzed sparse signal, and numerically efficient design

Sparse Representations and Efficient Sensing of Data (Dagstuhl Seminar 11051)

This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 11051 ``Sparse Representations and Efficient Sensing of Data\u27\u27. The scope of the seminar was twofold. First, we wanted to elaborate the state of the art in the field of sparse data representation and corresponding efficient data sensing methods. Second, we planned to explore and analyze the impact of methods in computational science disciplines that serve these fields, and the possible resources allocated for industrial applications

Proposal for the establishment of a marine CCAMLR MPA in the Weddell Sea (Antarctica) – First conceptual outline

In recent years, CCAMLR member states undertook substantial efforts to designate marine protected areas (MPAs) in the Southern Ocean. While MPA planning for six domains is underway, for three domains CCAMLR member states were asked to take the lead in MPA planning. At the CCAMLR meeting in 2012, the Commission welcomed the offer of Germany to take the lead in developing a Weddell Sea MPA for consideration in 2014. Subsequently, the German Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection tasked the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) to compile and analyse scientific data for identifying potential conservation areas and measures in the Weddell Sea. The work under this project started mid-April 2013. Here, in our first conceptual outline, we (i) present the principal target area of our evaluation study aiming at a Weddell Sea MPA, (ii) give a systematic overview of our preliminary data retrieval accompanied by an invitation to all experts from within and outside CCAMLR to contribute relevant information and data sets and (iii) set out the project timeline in detail, i. a. to highlight an international expert workshop on the planning of a Weddell Sea MPA in 2014