Combinatorial Mathematical Tasks in the Education in Mathematics for Grades 1.- 4.

The choice of strategies and their correct combination over the course of training of the students to solve tasks from the area of combinatorics for composing combinatorial compounds from permutation type is one of the important factors for performance of efficient education in mathematics during the classes for extended and additional training in the Primary school. Object of the study is the influence of the applied strategies on the process of acquiring of knowledge, development of skills and competencies in the students for solving tasks from the area of combinatorics in the education in mathematics during the classes for optional education in Grades 1. – 4. The research work was performed in qualitative and quantitative aspects. The following methods were applied: experiment, observation, test, analysis of the content, mathematical-statistical method for data processing. As a result of the study it was found out that due to the applied methodology system of work where different strategies were combined, the competences and competencies for solving tasks from the area of combinatorics were developed in the students from Grades 1.- 4

Anticipation in the Structure of the Solving Problems Skill

In the study the accent is put on the significant role of the foreseeing in the heuristic aspects of the solving problems activity. Theoretical formulations are deduced and the possibility of its purposeful formation is well-founded on the basis of the developing training particularities by the solving problems process. In order to attain the goal the following methods are used: content analysis, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, method of the determination of a success standard and a correlation degree. The obtained results of the theoretical and experimental work are directed to the integration with the intellectual development of children and pupils

Remediation of soil contaminated with persistent organic pollutants in Sumgait, Azerbaijan

The Sumgait remediation project was implemented in 2015 as a partnership between Blacksmith Institute and the site owner Azerikimya Joint Stock Company (Azerikimya) in Sumgait City, Azerbaijan Republic, about 30 km northwest of Baku. The project was financed by European Commission and supported by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources (MENR) and Sumgait Municipality. The site is a place on the Caspian Sea coast that was formerly an industrial area highly contaminated with various pollutants and particularly benzo(a)pyrene, benzene, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). As part of initial environmental assessment the project team took soil samples at 19 locations at the surface and at the depth of 0.5 m. The maximum topsoil benzo(a)pyrene concentration was 76.21 mg/kg, benzene – 121.5 mg/kg, and PCBs – 121.02 mg/kg. The remediation project involved the removal of 804 m3 of contaminated soil, and disposal of the contaminated soil at the MENR Hazardous Waste Polyqon (landfill). A comparison of pre- and post-excavation sampling shows that average contaminant levels in soils in the upper 0.5 m were reduced by an average of 97 percent. These actions were followed by bioremediation activities. More than 13,000 m3 of clean soil and organic fertilizer were placed and leveled over an area of two hectares. Approximately 1,200 locally grown native tree species were planted, and a drip-irrigation system was installed. The area is now a park close to the beach

Effects of cognate and relatedness status on word recognition in Russian-English bilinguals of upper-intermediate and advanced levels

AbstractBy this study we intend to contribute to understanding the role lexical and semantic information play across languages (the native language L1 and the second language L2) during the early stages of word recognition. Our study focuses on lexical and semantic levels of language processing using cross-language semantic and lexical priming as a tool to reveal the relationship between the two languages in bilingual mind. The phenomena under study are cognate words and semantically related words effects on language processing in bilinguals. Basing on the results of two experiments, differing in language proficiency characteristics of the participants, a consistent inhibitory cognate effect was obtained in both groups, with cross language semantic priming effect being facilitating also irrespective of the language proficiency characteristics of the participants

Predicting reading difficulty for readers with autism spectrum disorder

People with autism experience various reading comprehension difficulties, which is one explanation for the early school dropout, reduced academic achievement and lower levels of employment in this population. To overcome this issue, content developers who want to make their textbooks, websites or social media accessible to people with autism (and thus for every other user) but who are not necessarily experts in autism, can benefit from tools which are easy to use, which can assess the accessibility of their content, and which are sensitive to the difficulties that autistic people might have when processing texts/websites. In this paper we present a preliminary machine learning readability model for English developed specifically for the needs of adults with autism. We evaluate the model on the ASD corpus, which has been developed specifically for this task and is, so far, the only corpus for which readability for people with autism has been evaluated. The results show that out model outperforms the baseline, which is the widely-used Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level formula.paper presented at LREC 2016 Workshop ”Improving Social Inclusion Using NLP: Tools and Resources” held on 23 May 2016 – Portorož, Slovenia

Text complexity and text simplification in the crisis management domain

Due to the fact that emergency situations can lead to substantial losses, both financial and in terms of human lives, it is essential that texts used in a crisis situation be clearly understandable. This thesis is concerned with the study of the complexity of the crisis management sub-language and with methods to produce new, clear texts and to rewrite pre-existing crisis management documents which are too complex to be understood. By doing this, this interdisciplinary study makes several contributions to the crisis management field. First, it contributes to the knowledge of the complexity of the texts used in the domain, by analysing the presence of a set of written language complexity issues derived from the psycholinguistic literature in a novel corpus of crisis management documents. Second, since the text complexity analysis shows that crisis management documents indeed exhibit high numbers of text complexity issues, the thesis adapts to the English language controlled language writing guidelines which, when applied to the crisis management language, reduce its complexity and ambiguity, leading to clear text documents. Third, since low quality of communication can have fatal consequences in emergency situations, the proposed controlled language guidelines and a set of texts which were re-written according to them are evaluated from multiple points of view. In order to achieve that, the thesis both applies existing evaluation approaches and develops new methods which are more appropriate for the task. These are used in two evaluation experiments – evaluation on extrinsic tasks and evaluation of users’ acceptability. The evaluations on extrinsic tasks (evaluating the impact of the controlled language on text complexity, reading comprehension under stress, manual translation, and machine translation tasks) Text Complexity and Text Simplification in the Crisis Management domain 4 show a positive impact of the controlled language on simplified documents and thus ensure the quality of the resource. The evaluation of users’ acceptability contributes additional findings about manual simplification and helps to determine directions for future implementation. The thesis also gives insight into reading comprehension, machine translation, and cross-language adaptability, and provides original contributions to machine translation, controlled languages, and natural language generation evaluation techniques, which make it valuable for several scientific fields, including Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, and a number of different sub-fields of NLP.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Gender-marked metaphors: influence of grammatical gender and frequency on referential choice of metaphorical name of the person in the Russian language

AbstractThe paper aims to discuss the results of the experimental research into the correlation between the influence of language (the gender of the noun) and speech (frequency of using words in speech) on the referential choice of a metaphorical name of a person. As a result, we prove a significant influence of grammatical gender on solving the problem of figurative reference to the name of a man or woman.The interaction between linguistic factors (the grammatical gender) and speech (frequency) is manifested in the fact that the frequency factor is significant in functionally weak areas where there is a conflict between the problem being solved and grammatical gender of the word (for example, the problem to determine the reference of feminine words to a male)

Graduate of school and unified state examination

Данная статья посвящена основным проблемам, с которыми сталкиваются молодые люди, заканчивающие 10–11 классы. Автором рассматриваются варианты развития проблем при проведении Единого государственного экзамена, а также возможные пути их решения. Существующие на данный момент проблемы важны и требуют к себе пристального внимания со стороны органов власти.This article deals with the main problems faced by young people graduating from 10-11. The author considers options for the problems of the unified state exam, as well as possible solutions. Currently existing problems are important and require close attention from the authorities