Propriedade Intelectual: panorama do desenho industrial entre os microempresários do setor de marcenaria da região metropolitana de Belém

In competitive markets, industrial design is an extremely relevant type of intellectual property for sectors such as carpentry. However, the question arises about how much the managers of this economic category know about this type of protection. Given the above, this article aimed to verify the level of knowledge of micro-entrepreneurs in the carpentry sector in the Metropolitan Region of Belém on intellectual property and in particular on industrial design. For this, a descriptive exploratory study with a quantitative focus was carried out, in which it was possible to count on 10 respondents out of a possible 24. The research made it possible to observe that among those surveyed, about 80% are unaware of the topic. Thus, there is a need to insert knowledge on the subject among micro-entrepreneurs in the sector in order to disseminate the theme and sensitize them to the importance of protecting the creations generated.Em mercados competitivos, o desenho industrial constitui modalidade de propriedade intelectual de extrema relevância para setores como o da marcenaria. Contudo, surge o questionamento sobre quanto os gestores dessa categoria econômica conhecem essa modalidade de proteção. Diante do exposto, o presente artigo teve como objetivo verificar o nível de conhecimento dos microempresários do setor de marcenaria da Região Metropolitana de Belém sobre propriedade intelectual e em especial sobre desenho industrial. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo exploratório descritivo com enfoque quantitativo, no qual foi possível contar com 10 respondentes dos 24 possíveis. A pesquisa possibilitou observar que, entre os pesquisados, cerca de 80% desconhecem o tema. Dessa forma, nota-se a necessidade de inserção de conhecimentos sobre o assunto entre os microempresários do setor para difundir a temática e sensibilizá-los quanto à importância da proteção das criações geradas

Restrição do 16S-23S DNAr intergênico para avaliação da diversidade de Azospirillum amazonense isolado de Brachiaria spp.

The aim of this work was to study the intra-specific diversity of Azospirillum amazonense isolates and to establish possible influences of different Brachiaria spp. and edaphoclimatic conditions. The characterization of the diversity among the isolates of A. amazonense studied was conducted using restriction analysis of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region. The evaluated strains were separated in two groups, defined at 56% of similarity. Brachiaria spp. showed effects on strain diversity. Most part of the isolates from B. decumbens and B. brizantha are inserted in the first group, while B. humidicola isolates concentrate in the second group.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade intra-específica de isolados de Azospirillum amazonense e estabelecer a possível influência de diferentes espécies de Brachiaria ssp. e diferentes condições edafoclimáticas. A caracterização da diversidade desses isolados foi conduzida, utilizando-se a análise de restrição da região intergênica 16S-23S DNAr. As estirpes estudadas separaram-se em dois grupos, definidos a 56% de similaridade. As espécies de Brachiaria ssp. influenciaram a diversidade de estirpes. A maioria dos isolados oriundos de B. decumbens e B. brizantha está inserida no primeiro grupo, enquanto os oriundos de B. humidicola concentram-se no segundo grupo

Purification and Preliminary Crystallographic Analysis of a New Lys49-PLA2 from B. Jararacussu

BjVIII is a new myotoxic Lys49-PLA2 isolated from Bothrops jararacussu venom that exhibits atypical effects on human platelet aggregation. To better understand the mode of action of BjVIII, crystallographic studies were initiated. Two crystal forms were obtained, both containing two molecules in the asymmetric unit (ASU). Synchrotron radiation diffraction data were collected to 2.0 Å resolution and 1.9 Å resolution for crystals belonging to the space group P212121 (a = 48.4 Å, b = 65.3 Å, c = 84.3 Å) and space group P3121 (a = b = 55.7 Å, c = 127.9 Å), respectively. Refinement is currently in progress and the refined structures are expected to shed light on the unusual platelet aggregation activity observed for BjVIII

Clinical and radiological analysis of a series of periapical cysts and periapical granulomas diagnosed in a Brazilian population

Periapical cysts (PC) and periapical granulomas (PG) are the two most common chronic inflammatory periapical diseases, but their clinicoradiological characteristics can vary depending on the methods employed in each study. The aim of the present work was to analyze the clinical and radiological profile of a series of PC and PG diagnosed in a Brazilian population. The files of two Oral Pathology laboratories were reviewed and all cases diagnosed as PG and PC were selected for the study. Clinical and radiological information were retrieved and data were tabulated and descriptively and comparatively analyzed. Final sample was composed by 647 inflammatory periapical lesions, including 244 PG (38%) and 403 PC (62%). The number of women affected by PG was significantly higher than the number of women affected by PC (p=0.037). Anterior region of the maxilla was the most common affected area for both entities (39% of the cases), but the most common anatomical location of PG (anterior maxilla and posterior maxilla) was different from PC (anterior maxilla and posterior mandible) (p<0.0001). Upper lateral incisor was the most affected tooth. The mean radiological size of the PC was larger than the mean radiological size of the PG (p<0.0001) and PC showed well-defined radiological images more frequently than PG (p<0.0001). PC were more common than PG, both showed predilection for adult females, most lesions affected predominantly the anterior maxilla and PC presented larger mean radiological diameter and well-defined images when compared with PG

Hydroponic forage of corn and millet grown on different organic substrates

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and nutritive value of the hydroponic forage of corn and pearl millet grown in different organic substrates. It was carried out in a completely randomized design in 2 x 3 factorial scheme with four replications. The grasses used were corn and pearl millet and sugarcane bagasse, chopped elephant grass and chopped Brachiaria grass as substrates. The harvest was carried out 15 days after sowing, with seed density of 2 kg/m², irrigated with water and commercial nutrient solution. The productive parameters and chemical composition of the hydroponic forage were evaluated. The use of sugarcane bagasse substrate resulted in a greater production of total dry mass for corn among the other treatments, which reflected in better efficiency in the production parameters. As for substrates composed of chopped grass, lower values ​​of neutral detergent fiber were identified in both corn and pearl millet. The substrates and grass species affect the evaluated parameters, in which the use of sugarcane bagasse resulted in greater total production of dry mass using corn. The substrates based on chopped grass reflected in biomass with reduced fiber content, high levels of digestible nutrients, in addition to high protein content

Non-Deterministic Computational Thinking: Challenges and Opportunities

An educational paradigm that has improved problem-solving capacity is computational thinking, which uses characteristics such as decomposition, abstraction, pattern recognition, and algorithmic thinking. However, most of the resources developed under this paradigm are deterministic. However, the current world is not linear. Non-deterministic dynamics play a vital role in today\u27s world. Decisions about the same fact can cause different events, and students must be prepared to live with such uncertainties. This article discusses challenges and possibilities in the development of non-deterministic computational thinking resources. This work shows a large field of research yet to be worked on, with new possibilities and a great potential to connect new resources with the students\u27 daily lives

Prácticas educativas y territorios rurales: Sujetos y prácticas pedagógicas en las escuelas rurales del estado de Bahía (Brasil)

Este artículo presenta una discusión sobre la educación en el medio rural en el estado de Bahía,Brasil. Las áreas rurales poseen los peores indicadores educativos. Debido a los procesoshistóricos de urbanización y de desarrollo industrial, las áreas rurales fueron excluidas de lasagendas políticas, sociales y educativas de la modernización. El texto intenta comprender cómo seproduce la articulación entre sujetos, prácticas pedagógicas y territorios locales. Para ello, seestudian los sujetos y prácticas pedagógicas de docentes de aulas unitarias del territorio delRecôncavo del sur (municipio de Amargosa, estado de Bahía). Se pretende identificar y analizar lasrepresentaciones de los docentes de escuelas unitarias rurales sobre el espacio (el campo y laescuela), los sujetos (los docentes mismos y sus alumnos) y las propias escuelas unitaria

Educational practices and rural territories: Subjects and educational practices in the rural schools of the State of Bahia (Brazil)

Este artículo presenta una discusión sobre la educación en el medio rural en el estado de Bahía, Brasil. Las áreas rurales poseen los peores indicadores educativos. Debido a los procesos históricos de urbanización y de desarrollo industrial, las áreas rurales fueron excluidas de las agendas políticas, sociales y educativas de la modernización. El texto intenta comprender cómo se produce la articulación entre sujetos, prácticas pedagógicas y territorios locales. Para ello, se estudian los sujetos y prácticas pedagógicas de docentes de aulas unitarias del territorio del Recôncavo del sur (municipio de Amargosa, estado de Bahía). Se pretende identificar y analizar las representaciones de los docentes de escuelas unitarias rurales sobre el espacio (el campo y la escuela), los sujetos (los docentes mismos y sus alumnos) y las propias escuelas unitarias.This paper is focused on rural education in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The rural areas have very low educational indicators. As a result of historical processes of urbanization and industrial development, the rural areas have been excluded of political, social and educational modernization. This text looks at the understanding of complex relations amid people, educational activities and local territories. This texts is focused on the subjects and pedagogical approaches by teachers working in one-classroom schools in southern Recôncavo (Amargosa, Bahia). Specifically the paper aims to identify and analyze teachers’ representations of rural schools on space (the countryside and the school), the subjects (both teachers and pupils), and one-classroom schools.Grupo de Investigación FORCE (Formación Centrada en la Escuela) Universidad de Granad

Physical and chemical characterization of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) roots cultivated with different doses of potassium fertilization

The already marked tendency for functional food consumption, low in calories, and with biologically active properties, has been increasing. In this scenario, yacon tuberous roots, with high levels of nutraceutical fructooligosaccharides, gain importance. However, these nutraceutical properties depend on fertilization management. Thus, our study aims to evaluate different doses of potassium fertilization on the physicochemical characteristics of yacon roots. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with 4 replications and 5 treatments: four doses of potassium fertilization (50%; 100%; 150%; 200%) of the reference value, corresponding to 178.7 kg.ha-1; 357.4 kg.ha-1; 536.1 kg.ha-1; 714.8 kg.ha-1 of potassium chloride – (KCl), and a control (soil without fertilization). The chemical features evaluated were pH, total titratable acidity, soluble solids, conductivity, turbidity, moisture and ashes. The texture profile was analyzed through toughness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewability index, elasticity, and gooeyness. Most of the variables were influenced by potassium soil fertilization. Only turbidity, conductivity and gumminess showed no response to the applied doses, not fitting the tested models. Potassium fertilization improved both chemical (higher levels of soluble solids and less acidity) and physical characteristics (less hardness, chewability, cohesiveness, and adhesion) of yacon tuberous roots, bringing greater quality to the final product. Highlights Yacon is considered a prebiotic food. Several immunostimulatory characteristics promote antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. Potassium is associated with root size, shape, texture, color, flavor, acidity, nutrient transport resistance, nutritional value, and even market value. Texture constitutes an important factor and quality criterion for the sensory acceptance of food. Thus, the results obtained show that potassium fertilization improves both physical and chemical characteristics of yacon roots. The best results were observed with the maximum dose of potassium fertilization (357.4 kg.ha-1 of KCl).The already marked tendency for functional food consumption, low in calories, and with biologically active properties, has been increasing. In this scenario, yacon tuberous roots, with high levels of nutraceutical fructooligosaccharides, gain importance. However, these nutraceutical properties depend on fertilization management. Thus, our study aims to evaluate different doses of potassium fertilization on the physicochemical characteristics of yacon roots. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with 4 replications and 5 treatments: four doses of potassium fertilization (50%; 100%; 150%; 200%) of the reference value, corresponding to 178.7 kg.ha-1; 357.4 kg.ha-1; 536.1 kg.ha-1; 714.8 kg.ha-1 of potassium chloride – (KCl), and a control (soil without fertilization). The chemical features evaluated were pH, total titratable acidity, soluble solids, conductivity, turbidity, moisture and ashes. The texture profile was analyzed through toughness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewability index, elasticity, and gooeyness. Most of the variables were influenced by potassium soil fertilization. Only turbidity, conductivity and gumminess showed no response to the applied doses, not fitting the tested models. Potassium fertilization improved both chemical (higher levels of soluble solids and less acidity) and physical characteristics (less hardness, chewability, cohesiveness, and adhesion) of yacon tuberous roots, bringing greater quality to the final product. Highlights Yacon is considered a prebiotic food. Several immunostimulatory characteristics promote antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. Potassium is associated with root size, shape, texture, color, flavor, acidity, nutrient transport resistance, nutritional value, and even market value. Texture constitutes an important factor and quality criterion for the sensory acceptance of food. Thus, the results obtained show that potassium fertilization improves both physical and chemical characteristics of yacon roots. The best results were observed with the maximum dose of potassium fertilization (357.4 kg.ha-1 of KCl)