First record and a new species of Euphrosynoplax (Crustacea: Pseudorhombilidae) from the southwestern Atlantic

A new species of deep-water brachyuran crab, Euphrosynoplax dincao, from southeastern Brazil is described and illustrated. The genus Euphrosynoplax currently consists of two species, E. clausa Guinot, 1969, and E. campechiensis Vázquez-Bader & Gracia, 1991, both only known from the Gulf of Mexico. The new species can be easily separated from its northern counterparts by a suite of carapace and appendage characters. Euphrosynoplax campechiensis is recorded for the first time from the Caribbenan Sea (Guadeloupe and between Saint Kitts and Nevis)

Tuleariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969 (Crustacea: Caridea: Palaemonidae) associated with the sea urchin Astropyga magnifica Clark, 1934 (Echinoidea: Diadematidae) in the Alcatraz Archipelago, southeastern Brazil

The caridean shrimp Tuleariocaris neglecta Chace, 1969, is reported from the Alcatraz Archipelago (24°S, off the coast of southeastern Brazil) in association with the sea urchin Astropyga magnifica Clark, 1934. This finding significantly increases the known range of this species from 20°S to 24°S. An overview of the species in Tuleariocaris with their respective associated host sea urchins is provided

A new species of Gammarus Fabricius, 1775 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridae) from extreme high-altitude Lake Tong Tso, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

A new species of the genus Gammarus Fabricius, 1775 is described from Lake Tong Tso, an extreme high-altitude lake in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Gammarus pontual sp. nov. is considered part of the Gammarus lacustris G.O. Sars, 1863 group, which is characterized by having the inner ramus of uropod 3 longer than half the length of the outer ramus, and by having both rami covered with plumose setae. The new species stands apart from their congeners, mainly, by the following combination of characters: head with cephalic lateral lobe truncated; gnathopods 1-2 propodus weakly armed, with 1 stout seta defining palm; palm longer than posterior margin of propodus, with 1 main stout seta medially; pereopods 5-7 basis slender, posterior margin crenulate; epimeral plate 1 posterior margin produced into a short spine, facial ridge present; epimeral plates 2-3 posteroventral corner sharply pointed; uropod 3 rami covered with plumose setae, inner ramus about 80% the length of the outer ramus; telson apex with 2 stout setae on each side

Towards a review of the decapod crustacea from the remote oceanic archipelago of Trindade and Martin Vaz, south Atlantic Ocean: new records and notes on ecology and zoogeography

The remoteness of the Trindade and Martin Vaz young volcanic archipelago (TMV) raises questions about the source of its marine benthic fauna and levels of endemism. Addressing these questions requires a comprehensive knowledge of the taxonomic composition of the marine fauna of the islands. A five-year survey in the shallow marine waters (up to 30 m) and a literature review on the data published for TMV have been conducted to document the biodiversity of the benthic fauna. Here we report on ten new records of decapod crustaceans from TMV: Gnathophyllum americanum and Thor amboinensis are circumtropical in distribution, whereas Stenopus hispidus, Gnathophylloides mineri and Parribacus antarcticus are disjunct circumtropical species as their distribution in the Atlantic Ocean is limited eastwardly to TMV or Ascension Island (S. hispidus), therefore, do not extending into the eastern Atlantic. Gnathophyllum circellum and Thor manningi are western Atlantic species, with G. circellum previously known only from the Caribbean Sea. Pontonia manningi, Tuleariocaris neglecta and Enoplometopus antillensis are amphi-Atlantic in distribution. Two of the above species are recorded from the southwestern Atlantic for the first time: Gnathophyllum circellum and Tuleariocaris neglecta. These new records corroborate that the marine benthic invertebrate fauna of the TMV archipelago is actually a mosaic of amphi-Atlantic, eastern Atlantic, central Atlantic (insular), endemic and circumtropical species, with a strong western Atlantic component

An annotated catalogue of Echinodermata types in the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil

 The types of nominal species of Echinodermata in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo are catalogued: Holothuroidea (19 species – 16 holotypes, 1 paratype and 2 neotypes) and Ophiuroidea (4 species – 1 neotype and 3 paratypes). Photographs of all the type specimens are given. A brief account of the history of the MZUSP’s echinoderm collections is presented

Validation of Chronocancer camilosantanai† Santana, Tavares, Martins, Melo & Pinheiro (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Romualdo Formation, Araripe Sedimentary Basin, Brazil

Santana et al. (2022) described a new genus and species of fossil crab, Chronocancer camilosantanai, from carbonate concretions of the Romualdo Formation of the Araripe Sedimentary Basin. The journal in which the description appeared was published online only and the new name did not include a ZooBank registration number (LSID), as required for validation of new names in electronic-only publications. The present note serves to validate the name Chronocancer camilosantanai by fulfilling the ICZN conditions for nomenclatural availability. The date and authorship of the specific name, accordingly, are those of this note, not Santana et al. (2022)

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Sistemática filogenética dos Gecarcinidae H. Milne Edwards (Crustacea - Brachyura)

This paper deals with the phylogenetic systematics of land crabs of the family Gecarcinidae. It includes the recognition and description of the gecarcinid genera as well species of Gecarcinus. Emphasis is placed on the reconstruction of their phylogeny. Sixty-six morphological characters were selected and analysed for the phylogenetic reconstructions. The out- group comparison method was used for distinguishing plesiomorphic and apomorphic character states. The family Grapsidae was selected as out-group. The worldwide family Gecarcinidae includes the following genera: Ca rdisoma, Epigrapsus, Gecarcoidea and Gecarcinus. The genus Ucides has in the past been included in the Gecarcinidae, but has now been transferred to the family Ocrpodidae. Gecarcinidae and Grapsidae p rove to be sister-groups. The subgenera Gecarcinus and John garthia are rejected and Gecarcinus quadratus resurrected from the sinony mi of Gecarcinus lateralis. Extincti ons events in the history of thegecarcini ds are discussed.CAPESO presente trabalho teve por objetivos primordiais montar uma hipótese filogenética para a família Gecarcinidae e para as espécies de Gecarcinus, esclarecer as relações entre o gênero Ucides e os Gecarcinidae e, ainda, a partir das informações de parentesco, corrigir incongruências na classificação atualmente aceita para o grupo. Sessenta e seis caracteres foram selecionados da morfologia externa e analisados de acordo com a metodologia da sistemática filogenética; quarenta e seis a nível de gêneros e vinte para as espécies de Gecarcinus. Para a determinação dos estados apomórficos, foram escolhidas seis espécies da familia Grapsidae para atuarem como grupo-externo. As decisões entre hipóteses conflitantes foram tomadas com base no princípio da parcimônia. A parte descritiva inclui, alem de duas chaves, uma para os gêneros de Gecarcinidae e outra para as espécies de Gecarcinus, observações taxonômicas e nomenclaturais e descrições morfológicas das espécies de Gecarcinus. Vinte e uma figuras e cinco mapas ilustram os caracteres da morfologia externa e a distribuição geográfica dos Gecarcinidae respectivamente