Electric double layer and electrokinetic potential of pectic macromolecules in sugar beet

Electrokinetic potential is an important property of colloidal particles and, regarding the fact that it is a well defined and easily measurable property, it is considered to be a permanent characteristic of a particular colloidal system. In fact, it is a measure of electrokinetic charge that surrounds the colloidal particle in a solution and is in direct proportion with the mobility of particles in an electric field. Gouy-Chapman-Stern-Graham's model of electric double layer was adopted and it was proven experimentally that the addition of Cu++ ions to sugar beet pectin caused a reduction in the negative electrokinetic potential proportional to the increase of Cu++ concentration. Higher Cu++ concentrations increased the proportion of cation specific adsorption (Cu++ and H+) with regard to electrostatic Coulombic forces. Consequently, there is a shift in the shear plane between the fixed and diffuse layers directed towards the diffuse layer, i.e. towards its compression and decrease in the electrokinetic potential or even charge inversion of pectin macromolecules

Bakterioze strnih žita

Sporadic outbreaks of small grain bacterial diseases are recorded in production areas all over the world. The disease severity increases in seasons with abundant rainfall. Spread of the small grain seed market, trade intensity, spread of the production over areas with favorable conditions for the disease development and cultivation of susceptible cultivars also contribute to the disease incidence and intensity. According to the published data, the following bacteria are considered as the most economically important and the most widely spread small grain pathogens: Xanthomonas translucens pvs., as well as pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae species. X. t. pv. translucens is a quarantine pathogen in the EPPO region (A2 list) and Republic of Serbia, while pathovars of P. syringae complex species are recorded in almost all temperate and subtropical regions of small grain cultivation in the world.Simptomi oboljenja bakteriozne prirode sporadično se uočavaju u raznim regionima proizvodnje strnih žita u svetu. Njihov intenzitet i učestalost raste u godinama sa puno padavina, a ovome takođe doprinose povećan intenzitet trgovine semenom, širenje proizvodnje u područja sa pogodnim uslovima za razvoj bolesti i gajenje osetljivih sorti. Prema dosadašnjim podacima, smatra se da su na strnim žitima ekonomski najznačajniji i najrasprostranjeniji patogeni varijeteti vrste Xanthomonas translucens kao i patogeni varijeteti zbirne vrste Pseudomonas syringae. X. t. pv. translucens je karantinski patogen za region Evropske Organizacije za zaštitu bilja (A2 lista, European Plant Protection Organization - EPPO) i Republiku Srbiju, dok su patogeni varijeteti zbirne vrste P. syringae zabeleženi u skoro svim umerenim i subtropskim regionima proizvodnje strnih žita u svetu

Bakterioze strnih žita

Sporadic outbreaks of small grain bacterial diseases are recorded in production areas all over the world. The disease severity increases in seasons with abundant rainfall. Spread of the small grain seed market, trade intensity, spread of the production over areas with favorable conditions for the disease development and cultivation of susceptible cultivars also contribute to the disease incidence and intensity. According to the published data, the following bacteria are considered as the most economically important and the most widely spread small grain pathogens: Xanthomonas translucens pvs., as well as pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae species. X. t. pv. translucens is a quarantine pathogen in the EPPO region (A2 list) and Republic of Serbia, while pathovars of P. syringae complex species are recorded in almost all temperate and subtropical regions of small grain cultivation in the world.Simptomi oboljenja bakteriozne prirode sporadično se uočavaju u raznim regionima proizvodnje strnih žita u svetu. Njihov intenzitet i učestalost raste u godinama sa puno padavina, a ovome takođe doprinose povećan intenzitet trgovine semenom, širenje proizvodnje u područja sa pogodnim uslovima za razvoj bolesti i gajenje osetljivih sorti. Prema dosadašnjim podacima, smatra se da su na strnim žitima ekonomski najznačajniji i najrasprostranjeniji patogeni varijeteti vrste Xanthomonas translucens kao i patogeni varijeteti zbirne vrste Pseudomonas syringae. X. t. pv. translucens je karantinski patogen za region Evropske Organizacije za zaštitu bilja (A2 lista, European Plant Protection Organization - EPPO) i Republiku Srbiju, dok su patogeni varijeteti zbirne vrste P. syringae zabeleženi u skoro svim umerenim i subtropskim regionima proizvodnje strnih žita u svetu

Bakterioze strnih žita

Sporadic outbreaks of small grain bacterial diseases are recorded in production areas all over the world. The disease severity increases in seasons with abundant rainfall. Spread of the small grain seed market, trade intensity, spread of the production over areas with favorable conditions for the disease development and cultivation of susceptible cultivars also contribute to the disease incidence and intensity. According to the published data, the following bacteria are considered as the most economically important and the most widely spread small grain pathogens: Xanthomonas translucens pvs., as well as pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae species. X. t. pv. translucens is a quarantine pathogen in the EPPO region (A2 list) and Republic of Serbia, while pathovars of P. syringae complex species are recorded in almost all temperate and subtropical regions of small grain cultivation in the world.Simptomi oboljenja bakteriozne prirode sporadično se uočavaju u raznim regionima proizvodnje strnih žita u svetu. Njihov intenzitet i učestalost raste u godinama sa puno padavina, a ovome takođe doprinose povećan intenzitet trgovine semenom, širenje proizvodnje u područja sa pogodnim uslovima za razvoj bolesti i gajenje osetljivih sorti. Prema dosadašnjim podacima, smatra se da su na strnim žitima ekonomski najznačajniji i najrasprostranjeniji patogeni varijeteti vrste Xanthomonas translucens kao i patogeni varijeteti zbirne vrste Pseudomonas syringae. X. t. pv. translucens je karantinski patogen za region Evropske Organizacije za zaštitu bilja (A2 lista, European Plant Protection Organization - EPPO) i Republiku Srbiju, dok su patogeni varijeteti zbirne vrste P. syringae zabeleženi u skoro svim umerenim i subtropskim regionima proizvodnje strnih žita u svetu

Rezultati osnivanja mašinskih grupa u severoistočnom delu Crne Gore

The highland region of northeastern Montenegro is dominated by livestock production, which is generally practiced on family farms. Plant production is targeted towards livestock production with the aim to produce as much livestock feed on the farm as possible. Improvements in feed production necessitate the use of appropriate agricultural machinery. To this end, a total of 7 associations have been set up by 36 family farms across Bijelo Polje, Berane, Rožaje and Andrijevica municipalities. By joining their resources, the farmers have provided new machinery, thereby substantially increasing the number of tractors and attachable units from 16 to 30, and from 47 to 95 respectively. The attachable units provided mostly included fodder, hay and silage making machinery. Aiming at more judicious utilization of agricultural machinery, the associations have functioned as machinery groups.U brdsko planinskom delu severoistočne Crne Gore dominira stočarska proizvodnja, koja se pretežno odvija na porodičnim farmama. Biljna proizvodnja je organizovana u funkciji stočarske, a cilj je da se što više stočne hrane proizvede na farmi. Unapređenja u proizvodnji stočne hrane zahtevaju i bolju opremljenost odgovarajućom poljoprivrednom mehanizacijom. U tom cilju na ovom području formirano je 7 udruženja na području opština Bijelo Polje, Berane, Rožaje i Andrijevica. U osnivanju udruženih grupa učestvovalo je 36 porodičnih farmi. Udruživanjem sredstava farmeri su obezbedili i značajno povećali broj poljoprivrednih mašina i to: broj traktora je povećan sa 16 na 30, a broj priključnih mašina sa 47 na 95. Uglavnom su nabavljene priključne mašine za pripremanje kabaste stočne hrane sena i silaže. Udruženja su radi racionalnijeg korišćenja poljoprivredne mehanizacije funkcionisala po principu mašinskih grupa

In vitro procena citotoksičnosti 3D štampanog polimera na bazi epoksi smole namenjenog za upotrebu u stomatologiji

Background/Aim. There is limited published evidence on the cytotoxicity of 3D printed polymer materials for dentistry applications, despite that they are now widely used in medicine. Stereolithography (SLA) is one of the foremost 3D processes used in 3D printing, yet there are only a small number of resin materials reported to be suitable for medical applications. The aim of this study was to investigate, in vitro, the cytotoxic effect of the 3D printed resin in order to establish the suitability for its usage in dentistry and related medical applications such as surgical dental guides, occlusal splits and orthodontic devices. Methods. To examine the cytotoxicity of the 3D printed polymer-based epoxy resin, Accura® ClearVue™ (3D-Systems, USA), two cell cultures were used: mouse fibroblasts L929, and human lung fibroblasts MRC-5. The cell viability was determined by the Mosmann's colorimetric (MTT) test and the agar diffusion test (ADT). Results. Direct contact of the tested material with the ADT test showed nontoxic effects of tested material in any cell culture. The tested material showed no cytotoxic effect after 3 days of extraction of the eluate by the MTT, but mild cytotoxic effect after 5, 7 and 21 days on both cell lines. The cytotoxicity increased with increasing the time of the eluate extraction. Conclusion. The 3D printed polymer-based epoxy resin, Accura® ClearVue™ (3D-Systems, USA) is considered appropriate for making surgical dental implant guides according to the cytotoxic behavior. According to the mild level of cytotoxicity after the longer extraction periods, there is a need for further evaluation of biocompatibility for its application for the occlusal splints and orthodontic devices.Uvod/Cilj. Malo je objavljenih dokaza o citotoksičnosti 3D štampanih polimernih materijala za upotrebu u stomatologiji, bez obzira na njihovu sve širu primenu u medicini. Stereolitografija (SLA) jedan je od najvažnijih 3D procesa koji se primenjuje za 3D štampu, ali postoji samo Mali broj materijala na bazi smola za koje je dokazano da su pogodni za medicinsku primenu. Cilj ove studije je bio da se ispita, in vitro, citotoksični efekat 3D štampanog polimera kako bi se utvrdila mogućnost za njegovu upotrebu u stomatologiji i srodnim medicinskim oblastima, kao što su hirurške dentalne vođice, okluzalni splintovi i ortodontski aparati. Metode. Da bi se ispitala citotoksičnost 3D štampanog polimera na bazi epoksi smole, Accura® ClearVue ™ (3D-Sistems, USA), korišc'ene su dve c'elijske kulture: fibroblasti miša L929 i humani fibroplasti pluc'a MRC-5. Vijabilnost c'elija utvrđena je Mosmannovim kolorimetrijskim testom (MTT) i testom difuzije agara (ADT). Rezultati. Direktan kontakt testiranog materijala ispitan pomoću ADT pokazao je da materijal nije imao citotoksičan efekat ni na jednu ćelijsku kulturu. Testitrani materijal je imao blag citotoksični efekat posle 5, 7 i 21 dana ekstrakcije eluata primenom MTT na obe ćelijske linije. Citotoksičnost je rasla sa produženjem vremena ekstrakcije eluata. Zaključak. 3D štampani polimer na bazi epoksi smole, Accura® ClearVue ™ (3D-Sistems, USA) se može smatrati pogodnim za izradu hirurških dentalnih implantnih vođica sa tačke gledišta njegovog citotoksičnog uticaja. Zbog pokazanih blagih citotoksičnih efekata nakon dužih ekstrakcionih perioda eluata potrebna su dalja istraživanja u oblasti biokompatibilnosti materijala da bi se taj polimer mogao koristiti za izradu okluzalnih splintova i ortodontskih aparata

Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Diabetic Foot

Background and Objectives: Diabetic foot (DF) development is driven by complex interactions of hyperglycemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress (OS). We aimed to investigate OS and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with DF and their potential to improve early diagnosis and management of DF. Materials and Methods: The prooxidant–antioxidant balance (PAB), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total oxidative status (TOS), total sulfhydryl groups (SHG), routine biochemical parameters, and complete blood count were determined in 42 patients with type-2 DM, of which 23 patients had DF, while 19 patients were without DF complications. The neutrophils-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was evaluated as a biomarker of inflammation. Results: Patients with DF had significantly higher (p < 0.05) PAB levels (170 ± 33.9 U/L) compared to those without DF complications (142 ± 31.3 U/L). In addition, patients with DF had significantly reduced SOD activities (p < 0.01). NLR values were significantly higher in the DF group (median: 2.8; interquartile range: 2.0–4.3) than in the group without DF (median: 1.4; interquartile range: 1.4–2.1; p < 0.01). A positive correlation was found between the PAB and NLR index (r = 0.449; p < 0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of both PAB (AUC = 0.741; p < 0.01) and NLR (AUC = 0.760; p < 0.01) was estimated as acceptable. Conclusions: In conclusion, the development of DF is associated with enhanced OS and inflammation processes. PAB and NLR could be useful non-invasive biomarkers of DF development

The architecture of late antique Doclea. Possibilities of reconstruction.

Doktorska teza Arhitektura kasnoantičke Duklje. Mogućnost rekonstrukcije ima za cilj rekonstrukciju arhitekture kasnoantičkog grada Dokleje u blizini Podgorice, na teritoriji savremene Crne Gore, odnosno pokušaj da se na osnovu sačuvanih istorijskih izvora, materijalnih ostataka na terenu i arhivske građe i arheološke dokumentacije od kraja XIX vijeka pa do današnjih dana, koliko je moguće, rekonstruiše preciznija slika o prvobitnom izgledu grada i pojedinim građevinama u njemu i upotpune dosadašnja saznanja o arhitekturi grada. U radu se proučava urbana, odnosno sakralna topografija Dokleje od nastanka rimskog grada u I vijeku n. e do poslednjih pomena u arhivskim izvorima početkom VII vijeka. Razmatraju se bedemi Dokleje, građevine u centralnom dijelu grada: forum sa bazilikom, građevina broj 2, građevina IX, kapitolni hram, velike i male terme, Prvi hram (hram boginje Rome), Drugi hram, hram boginje Dijane, hrišćanske građevine u istočnom dijelu grada bazilika A, bazilika B i krstoobrazna crkva, kao i nekropole i akvadukt. Posebna pažnja skrenuta je na kultove koji su poštovani u Dokleji. Uz ilustrativne priloge, u radu su dati i katalozi sa natpisima iz Dokleje i skulpturama i arhitektonskim elementima koji se nalaze na lokalitetu, u njegovoj neposrednoj blizini, u muzejskim institucijama ili su poznati samo iz arhivske građe, dokumentacije i literature. Proučavanje šireg korpusa umjetničkih ostvarenja Dokleje, „kao suštinskog instrumenta simboličkog iskazivanja religiozno-ideoloških načela“, posebno je značajno za period prelaska iz pagansko u hrišćansko doba. U radu se analizira i odnos Dokleje prema gradskim centrima Dalmacije odnosno Prevalisa kao i drugih centara ranog razdoblja Vizantijskog carstva.The aim of the present doctoral dissertation on the topic of The Architecture of Late Antique Doclea. Possibilities of Reconstruction is to reconstruct the architecture of Late Antique Town of Doclea near Podgorica, located in the territory of Montenegro, specifically to attempt - based on the preserved primary sources, material remains at the site and archival sources and archaeological record, namely written documentation, which have been originating since the late 19th century up to the present time - both to make, to an extent possible, a clearer portrait of the original appearance of the town and certain buildings in it and to complete the knowledge about the town’s architecture. The dissertation has researched urban, namely sacral topography of Doclea, as it was from the time of the Roman town founding in the 1st century of the Common Era to the time of last mentions thereof in the archival sources of the early 7th century. The Doclea’s town walls, buildings located in the town’s center, the forum with basilica, building no. 2, building no. IX, the capitol temple, large and small thermae, the First Temple (the Temple of Dea Roma), the Second Temple, the Temple of Dea Diana, the Christian buildings located in the eastern part of the town, Basilica A, Basilica B and the cruciform church, and necropolises and the aqueduct as well have been studied by it. Special attention has been drawn to cults that used to be respected in Doclea. Besides illustrations, the work has given also the catalogues of both inscriptions found in Doclea and sculptures and architectural elements that are at the site or in its vicinity, or in museums, or known only from the archival records, documents and references. Researching in a broader Doclea’s artistic creation corpus as in “the essential instrument of symbolic representation of religious and ideology doctrine” is particularly relevant to the period of transition from Paganism to Christianity. The work has analyzed also Doclea’s relationship with the town centers of Dalmatia and Prevalis respectively, and with other centers of the early Byzantine Empire as well

The architecture of late antique Doclea. Possibilities of reconstruction.

Doktorska teza Arhitektura kasnoantičke Duklje. Mogućnost rekonstrukcije ima za cilj rekonstrukciju arhitekture kasnoantičkog grada Dokleje u blizini Podgorice, na teritoriji savremene Crne Gore, odnosno pokušaj da se na osnovu sačuvanih istorijskih izvora, materijalnih ostataka na terenu i arhivske građe i arheološke dokumentacije od kraja XIX vijeka pa do današnjih dana, koliko je moguće, rekonstruiše preciznija slika o prvobitnom izgledu grada i pojedinim građevinama u njemu i upotpune dosadašnja saznanja o arhitekturi grada. U radu se proučava urbana, odnosno sakralna topografija Dokleje od nastanka rimskog grada u I vijeku n. e do poslednjih pomena u arhivskim izvorima početkom VII vijeka. Razmatraju se bedemi Dokleje, građevine u centralnom dijelu grada: forum sa bazilikom, građevina broj 2, građevina IX, kapitolni hram, velike i male terme, Prvi hram (hram boginje Rome), Drugi hram, hram boginje Dijane, hrišćanske građevine u istočnom dijelu grada bazilika A, bazilika B i krstoobrazna crkva, kao i nekropole i akvadukt. Posebna pažnja skrenuta je na kultove koji su poštovani u Dokleji. Uz ilustrativne priloge, u radu su dati i katalozi sa natpisima iz Dokleje i skulpturama i arhitektonskim elementima koji se nalaze na lokalitetu, u njegovoj neposrednoj blizini, u muzejskim institucijama ili su poznati samo iz arhivske građe, dokumentacije i literature. Proučavanje šireg korpusa umjetničkih ostvarenja Dokleje, „kao suštinskog instrumenta simboličkog iskazivanja religiozno-ideoloških načela“, posebno je značajno za period prelaska iz pagansko u hrišćansko doba. U radu se analizira i odnos Dokleje prema gradskim centrima Dalmacije odnosno Prevalisa kao i drugih centara ranog razdoblja Vizantijskog carstva.The aim of the present doctoral dissertation on the topic of The Architecture of Late Antique Doclea. Possibilities of Reconstruction is to reconstruct the architecture of Late Antique Town of Doclea near Podgorica, located in the territory of Montenegro, specifically to attempt - based on the preserved primary sources, material remains at the site and archival sources and archaeological record, namely written documentation, which have been originating since the late 19th century up to the present time - both to make, to an extent possible, a clearer portrait of the original appearance of the town and certain buildings in it and to complete the knowledge about the town’s architecture. The dissertation has researched urban, namely sacral topography of Doclea, as it was from the time of the Roman town founding in the 1st century of the Common Era to the time of last mentions thereof in the archival sources of the early 7th century. The Doclea’s town walls, buildings located in the town’s center, the forum with basilica, building no. 2, building no. IX, the capitol temple, large and small thermae, the First Temple (the Temple of Dea Roma), the Second Temple, the Temple of Dea Diana, the Christian buildings located in the eastern part of the town, Basilica A, Basilica B and the cruciform church, and necropolises and the aqueduct as well have been studied by it. Special attention has been drawn to cults that used to be respected in Doclea. Besides illustrations, the work has given also the catalogues of both inscriptions found in Doclea and sculptures and architectural elements that are at the site or in its vicinity, or in museums, or known only from the archival records, documents and references. Researching in a broader Doclea’s artistic creation corpus as in “the essential instrument of symbolic representation of religious and ideology doctrine” is particularly relevant to the period of transition from Paganism to Christianity. The work has analyzed also Doclea’s relationship with the town centers of Dalmatia and Prevalis respectively, and with other centers of the early Byzantine Empire as well

Vizuelna kultura mediteranske Crne Gore od 15. do 20. vijeka

U knjizi se analiziraju konceptualne i morfološke simbioze ostvarene mediteranskim interakcijama na području Crnogorskog primorja i stare Crne Gore od 15. do 20. veka. Utemeljena na metodološkom principu transkulturalizma, knjiga izučava i interpretira vizuelnu kulturu kao izraz istovremenog postojanja, trajanja i preplitanja različitih naroda, vera i konfesija. Slike, skulpture, arhitektonske celine, verbalne i performativne slike, kao i tzv. „neumetničke“ predstave, predstavljaju se kao strukture nastale razmenom obale i zaleđa, ideja i formi, materijala i prostora, patrona i umetnika, tradicije i modernosti. U prvom delu knjige analiziraju se oblici, funkcije i kontekst nastanka, trajanja i upotrebe transkulturalnih vizuelnih struktura nastalih tokom mletačke, osmanske i austrijske vlasti. U drugom, one su sagledane u kontekstu kriza – zemljotresa, epidemija i ratova, i protumačene kao označitelji ekonomskih i socijalnih tenzija i simboli redefinicije društvenih i kulturnih modela. Treći deo knjige posvećen je podrobnoj analizi pojedinačnih umetničkih dela i drugih izraza vizuelne kulture nastalih tokom „dugog 19. veka“, u vremenu konstituisanja i jačanja države Crne Gore. Ta dela, veoma malo poznata ili sasvim nepoznata, svojim nastankom, temama, oblicima, saradnjom među umetnicima i medijskom prostoru koji su obuhvatila, potvrđuju svoj mediteranski karakter