Distance Interventions for Children with Sleep Problems: A Review

Sleep problems in childhood are frequent and may cause damage to the children and their families; however, parental orientation appears to be effective in its many new formats, such as the distance treatment. This study aimed to review the literature about behavioral intervention performed by distance to sleep problems in childhood and summarize the main characteristics of such interventions. Searches were performed up to November 2021 in BVS Psicologia ULAPSI Brasil, SCOPUS, and PsycINFO, using the key words: sleep problems, insomnia, nighttime fears, behavioral intervention, behavioral treatment, treatment, intervention, sleep, behavior, child, children, infant, mobile phones, smartphone, app, telephone, online, internet, bibliotherapy. We included 14 studies. The main results indicate that interventions were implemented between 2 and 12 weeks, the most reported procedure was pre-sleep routines, and semipresential interventions that required some presential contact were the most frequent. Written educational information about sleep through bibliotherapy and telephone contacts were the most used tools to implement the remote component of interventions. Ten studies indicated improvements on children’s sleep, and secondary results (parental sleep and/or mental health) were also reported among studies. Therefore, our findings suggest that distance interventions for childhood sleep problems are promising, but future research is still neede

Characterization of Fuji Apples from Different Harvest Dates and Storage Conditions from Measurements of Volatiles by Gas Chromatography and Electronic Nose

Volatile compounds in Fuji apples harvested at two different maturities were measured at harvest and after 5 and 7 months of cold storage (1 °C) in four different atmospheres. When the samples were characterized by both chromatographic measurements of volatiles and responses of an electronic nose, the analyses showed a clear separation between fruits from different storage conditions (a normal cold atmosphere and three controlled atmospheres). During poststorage, the apples were left to ripen for 1, 5, and 10 days at 20 °C before analytical measurements were done involving headspace-gas chromatography methods and electronic nose type quartz crystal microbalances. Electronic nose responses registered by seven different sensors were used to classify the apples using principal component analysis. It was possible to identify the samples from different storage periods, days of shelf life, and harvest dates, but it was not possible to differentiate the fruits corresponding to different cold storage atmospheres

Eficácia clínica de novas abordagens para o tratamento do transtorno de ansiedade generalizada

O transtorno de ansiedade generalizada (TAG) é caracterizado por um distúrbio com características de ansiedade e preocupação excessivas, além de sintomas associados, sendo um dos transtornos de ansiedade mais prevalentes, com uma prevalência mundial estimada em torno de 6%. O presente estudo de revisão buscou avaliar novas evidências na abordagem terapêutica do transtorno de ansiedade generalizada, documentadas por meio de estudos clínicos e randomizados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa realizada por meio da base de dados PubMed, que levou em consideração os seguintes critérios de inclusão: ensaios clínicos e testes controlados e randomizados; artigos publicados no último ano; que possuíam texto completo disponível e que abordassem acerca de novas evidências no manejo do transtorno de ansiedade generalizada. Ficou constatado que a terapia de coloração pode trazer alívio nos sintomas de ansiedade e melhorias no humor positivo, reduzindo o humor negativo, o que eleva ainda mais os efeitos do tratamento dos pacientes com TAG. Além disso, a terapia comportamental dialética proporcionou uma melhora na função executiva dos pacientes com TAG, sendo uma medida eficaz na melhora de transtornos mentais e com boa capacidade para reduzir a gravidade de tais transtornos mentais. Outro ponto constatado é acerca do uso da tandospirona, em que o uso das doses de 60 mg/dia ou 30 mg/dia de tandospirona demonstraram eficácia promissora em pacientes com TAG. Por fim, foi visto que a doxepina em baixas doses possui boa eficácia terapêutica e tolerabilidade, fazendo-se um medicamento útil e racional para o manejo de tais pacientes

Estudos Artísticos

Nesta procura continuada de reunir escritos de artistas sobre outros criadores se reuniram neste número da Revista Croma dezasseis artigos que têm em comum a determinação interventiva e emancipada. Provoca-se o inconformismo, ensaia-se o pensamento. A intervenção advém do estatuto, do capital simbólico associado à autoria. O estatuto político da arte centra o artista e tona-o vocal. A sua perspetiva, a sua síntese, a sua fantasia, são agora meios para uma mediação junto de todos, em direção a uma transformação fundamental e construtora de um dos pontos essenciais da cultura: a arte emancipada. Com a emancipação da arte, criou-se uma nova referencialidade, um novo descentramento, um olhar exterior, um olhar do homem sobre o homem, um olhar político mediado pelas formas pensadas.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Can a lexical decision task predict efficiency in the judgment of ambiguous sentences?

Abstract The lexicon plays a fundamental role in reading, but little is known about how it influences reading efficiency. Thus, this study seeks to identify which lexical factors in a lexical decision task are relevant in a semantic decision test. A total of 33 university students were recruited to perform a lexical decision task and a semantic decision task. The results revealed differences between the three types of words in the lexical decision task for all measures, but only in the regressive saccades for the semantic decision task. Ambiguous sentences triggered fewer regressions than sentences related to objects. The only lexical measure found to predict efficiency was average time on regular words, which predicted 24% of the efficiency. We discuss the implications of the use of a lexical decision task and the use of the inverse efficiency score as a semantic measure, and we discuss how the lexicon can predict semantic comprehension

Padrões espaciais da riqueza de espécies de viperídeos na América do Sul: temperatura ambiental vs. cinética-bioquímica

Submitted by Luanna Matias ([email protected]) on 2015-07-10T13:57:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Padrões espaciais da riqueza de espécies de viperídeos na América do Sul - 2009.pdf: 137731 bytes, checksum: f6da1114322a9d456d129ba7e639f3d4 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luanna Matias ([email protected]) on 2015-09-04T17:00:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Padrões espaciais da riqueza de espécies de viperídeos na América do Sul - 2009.pdf: 137731 bytes, checksum: f6da1114322a9d456d129ba7e639f3d4 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luanna Matias ([email protected]) on 2015-09-04T17:01:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Padrões espaciais da riqueza de espécies de viperídeos na América do Sul - 2009.pdf: 137731 bytes, checksum: f6da1114322a9d456d129ba7e639f3d4 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-05T00:26:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Padrões espaciais da riqueza de espécies de viperídeos na América do Sul - 2009.pdf: 137731 bytes, checksum: f6da1114322a9d456d129ba7e639f3d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-27Este estudo tem por objetivo testar a influência da temperatura na taxa metabólica de viperídeos como um mecanismo básico de origem dos padrões espaciais de riqueza desse grupo na América do Sul, como proposto por Allen et al. (2002) dentro da Teoria Metabólica em Ecologia. Para isso, testamos a relação entre o logaritmo natural da riqueza de espécies de viperídeos e o inverso da temperatura (em Kelvin, 1000*K-1), após corrigir os efeitos da autocorrelação espacial, e verificamos se a reta estimada apresenta inclinação de -9,0*T. As variáveis apresentaram baixo índice de correlação (r2 = 0,216; p < 0,0001), com uma inclinação da reta de -3,737*T (C.I. (95%) ± 0,379). Os resultados indicaram que os viperídeos não respondem à variação de temperatura da mesma forma que os demais grupos testados, uma vez que o intervalo de confiança para o ângulo da reta estimada não contempla o valor -9,0*T, como predito pelo modelo. O presente estudo sugere que o padrão espacial da riqueza de espécies de viperídeos na América do Sul é estruturado por outros parâmetros além da temperatura, não contemplados no modelo de Allen et al. (2002).The aim of this study was to test the influence of temperature on metabolic rates of viperid species as the underlying mechanism to explain the richness pattern of this group in South America, following the Metabolic Theory of Ecology (MTE) proposed by Allen et al. (2002). We tested MTE predictions by considering the relationship between the natural logarithm of viperid species richness and the inverse of temperature (in Kelvin, 1000*K-1) after to correct for spatial autocorrelation effects and to check whether the linear function presents a slope of -9.0*T. The relationship between variables presented low correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.216; P < 0.0001) and a slope of -3.737*T (C.I. (95%) ± 0.379).These results showed that viperids respond in a different way to the temperature gradient in comparison with other taxa and the prediction of Allen et al. (2002), since the confidence interval of slope in this case does not include the value of -9.0*T. This study demonstrates that temperature is not the sole driver of broad-scale spatial pattern of viperid species richness in South America

Analysis Model of Arco North Amazon Corridors to Mato Grosso\u27s Soybean

Nowadays, Brazil has consolidated it self as the biggest exporter of soybean beans in the world, and the brazilian state that has most contribrited to this rate is the state of Mato Grosso, and for its geographic location, Mato Grosso also its products to the ports of Arco Norte. This study proposes to develop a model for optimalization of the logistic corridors of transport, for the soybean from the mato-grossense destined for the ports of Arco Norte, trying to obtain a more effective logistic in the face of quantitative indicators such as: transport price, municipal production and dock capacity, the corridors that are being studied are BR-163 (MT-PA), Ferrogrão (EF-170) and the Araguaia-Tocantins waterway. The analisys for the corridors, will be through a linear programming, which is a method capable of enable hierarchization processes, which contributes to the analysis of the proposed problem. In this sense, the results show that the intermodal transport, using the ferrogrão and the waterway Araguaia-Tocantins, were the least costly routes transporting mato-grossense soybean to the Arco Norte Amazonian ports.&nbsp