Efforts to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Football Learning with a Shooting Color Game Approach in State Junior High School Grade VII Students 3 Regency of Nangaroro Satap Aegela Nagekeo

Students' interest in physical education is still low, which should be counteracted given the many educational goals that can be achieved through physical education. Teachers should be able to look for something new in the innovative learning process and maximize learning outcomes. Is the shooting color game approach able to improve student learning outcomes in the game of football for students in the VII SMPN Nangaroro Satap Aegela Nagekeo District? The goal of this study was to improve student learning outcomes in football learning using a color shooting game approach in students in grade VII at SMPN 3 Nangaroro Satap Aegela Nagekeo Regency. Class action research was conducted in Cycle 2. The 34 participants in the study were all seventh-grade students. observational data collection techniques in the form of documents and photographs the findings revealed that using the shooting color game approach, penjasorkes' learning in football games increased. This study found that the knowledge aspect improved by 29.41%, the attitude aspect improved by 8.82%, and the skill aspect improved by 23.53%. It is expected that the shooting color game approach can be used as an alternative to improve student learning outcomes in football games

VAŽEĆI PROPISI OSIGURAVAJUĆIH DRUŠTAVA U EVROPSKOJ UNIJI I ANALIZA SOLVENTNOSTI U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI SA ASPEKTA GARANTNOG FONDA

ostalo osigurati i bolja povezanost strukture kapitala i profila rizika. što bi moglorezultirati smanjenjem kapitala koji se zahtjeva od osiguravajućeg društva zaodržavanje solventnosti

Influence of dental materials for fillings of proximal preparations on oxidative stress parameters in gingival crevicular fluid

Sažetak: Biokompatibilnost dentalnih materijala (DRMs) može se proceniti ispitivanjem statusa oksidativnog stresa (OS) gingivalne crevikularne tečnosti (GCF). Cilj ove studije bio je da se utvrdi uticaj stepena dentalnog karijesa, pozicije zuba, tipa i količine primenjenog restorativnog materijala (DRMs) na OS profil u GCF. U tu svrhu ispitivano je šest restorativnih materijala DRMs koji su korišćeni u tretmanu: amalgam (Amg), kompoziti: TetricEvoCeram (TEC) i Beautifil (BF), fosfatni cement - cink-fosfat (ZPhC) i polikarboksilatni cementi - cink polikarboksilatni cementi (ZpoC) i glas-jonomer cement (GIC). Materijal i metode Studijom je obuhvaćeno 88 ispitanika. Osim na početku (0-ti dan), ispitanici su kontrolisani 7-og i 30-tog dana. Parametri oksidativnog stresa nivoi malondialdehida (MDA) i glutationa (GSH) i ukupna aktivnost superoksid dismutaze (tSOD) su mereni pre (0-ti dan) i posle tretmana (7 i 30-tog dana) u GCF. Kontrolni zdravi zubi su pozicionirani kao odraz u ogledalu. Rezultati: Dentalni karijes inicira neznatan porast OS u GCF. Primena različitih restorativnih materijala dovela je do sledećih efekata (efekti se smanjuju po navedenom redosledu): porast GSH u GCF: ZpoC>BF>GIC>Amg, porast aktivnosti tSOD: ZpoC>BF>Amg; i smanjenje MDA: ZpoC>ZPhC>Amg >TEC. ZpoC i ZPhC su pokazali najveći antioksidativni efekat, nasuprot GIC. Zaključak: Restauracije sa materijalima koji imaju antioksidativna svojstva mogu da redukuju bolesti desni inicirane karijesnom lezijom, što je od bitne kliničke važnosti u stomatologiji.Abstract: Biocompatibility of dental materials (DMs) can be evaluated by gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and oxidative stress (OS) status. The goal of the study was to ascertain influence of dental caries degree, teeth position and type and amount of applied DM on GCF OS profile. For this purpose we tested six DRMs that were used in one session: amalgam (Amg), composites: TetricEvoCeram (TEC) and Beautifil (BF), phosphate cement - zinc phosphate (ZPhC) and polycarboxylate cements - zinc polycarboxylate cements (ZpoC) and glass ionomer cement (GIC). Material and Methods: The study included 88 dental outpatients. Follow up was scheduled on the 7th and 30th day. Oxidative stress parameters [malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and total superoxide dismutase (tSOD]) activity were measured before (day zero) and after the treatment (7th and 30th day) in GCF. Healthy control teeth were positioned as reflection in the mirror. Results: Dental caries provokes insignificant rise of OS in GCF. The DMs accomplished following effects (listed in descending order): increase of GSH in GCF: ZPoC>BF>GIC>Amg; tSOD activity increase: ZPoC>BF>Amg; and MDA decrease: ZPoC>ZPhC>Amg>TEC. ZPoC and ZPhC showed the highest antioxidant effect, contrary to GIC. Conclusion: Restorations with antioxidant properties may reduce gum diseases initiated by caries lesion, which is of great clinical relevance in dentistry

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BOYS’ SOCCER KICK SKILL ANALYSIS

The purpose of this study is aimed to analyze elementary school boys’ kicking skills on the perspective of motor skills. The data is collected by Vicon Motion Analysis System (250Hz). The parameters include the compare of the instant joint angles and the time proportion during the process of the kicking toward the different kick performance groups. The participants are 36 elementary boy soccer players (age: 11.7±0.3 yrs; height: 1.42±0.13 m; weight: 37.5±13.0 kg). The subjects were divided to two groups according to the instance kicking ball speed. The result indicated that the high ball speed group players have greater extremity joint angles than the low ball speed group. No difference was found on the time proportion during the process of the kicking. We suggest that the learning of kicking skill can start with the lower speed in the beginner stage

Variation of the cytokine profiles in gingival crevicular fluid between different groups of periodontally healthy teeth

© 2020, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science. All rights reserved. Profiling of biomarkers of physiological process represents an integrative part in optimisation of diagnostic markers in order to adjust the diagnostic ranges to the potential effects of the local factors such occlusal forces in case of periodontal tissues. The objective of this study was estimation of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, IL-22, TNFα and IFNγ concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid samples (GCF) between different groups of teeth. Two hundred fifty-nine systemically healthy non-smokers having at least one vital tooth without restorations, with healthy periodontal tissues, were clinically examined and the GCF sample was retrieved. The cytokine levels were estimated using flow cytometry and compared between central incisors (CI), lateral incisors, canines, first premolars, second premolars, first molars and second molars. Cytokine profiles varied between different groups of teeth with tendency of increase in proinflammatory cytokines from anterior teeth toward molars. Molars might be considered teeth with natural predisposition for faster bone resorption while the adjustment of diagnostic range of periodontal biomarkers for anterior or posterior teeth should be considered within diagnostic context. Cytokine profiles varied between different groups of teeth with tendency of increase in proinflammatory cytokines from anterior teeth toward molars. Molars might be considered teeth with natural predisposition for faster bone resorption while the adjustment of diagnostic range of periodontal biomarkers for anterior or posterior teeth should be considered within diagnostic context

Varijacija profila citokina u gingivalnoj zglobnoj tečnosti između različitih grupa parodontalno zdravih zuba

Profiling of biomarkers of physiological process represents an integrative part in optimisation of diagnostic markers in order to adjust the diagnostic ranges to the potential effects of the local factors such occlusal forces in case of periodontal tissues. The objective of this study was estimation of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL- 6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, IL-22, TNFα and IFNγ concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid samples (GCF) between different groups of teeth. Two hundred fifty-nine systemically healthy non-smokers having at least one vital tooth without restorations, with healthy periodontal tissues, were clinically examined and the GCF sample was retrieved. The cytokine levels were estimated using flow cytometry and compared between central incisors (CI), lateral incisors, canines, first premolars, second premolars, first molars and second molars. Cytokine profiles varied between different groups of teeth with tendency of increase in proinflammatory cytokines from anterior teeth toward molars. Molars might be considered teeth with natural predisposition for faster bone resorption while the adjustment of diagnostic range of periodontal biomarkers for anterior or posterior teeth should be considered within diagnostic context. Cytokine profiles varied between different groups of teeth with tendency of increase in proinflammatory cytokines from anterior teeth toward molars. Molars might be considered teeth with natural predisposition for faster bone resorption while the adjustment of diagnostic range of periodontal biomarkers for anterior or posterior teeth should be considered within diagnostic context.Profilisanje biomarkera fiziološkog procesa predstavlja integrativni deo optimalizacije dijagnostičkih markera, kako bi se dijagnostički rasponi prilagodili potencijalnim uticajima lokalnih faktora poput okluzijskih sila u slučaju parodontalnih tkiva. Cilj ove studije bila je procena koncentracija IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, IL- 22, TNFα i IFNγ u uzorcima gingivalne tečnosti (GT) kod različitih grupa zuba. Klinički je pregledano dvesta pedeset devet sistemski zdravih nepušača sa najmanje jednim vitalnim zubom bez restauracija, sa zdravim parodontalnim tkivima, i uzet je GT uzorak. Nivoi citokina procenjeni su protočnom citometrijom i upoređeni između centralnih sekutića (CS), bočnih sekutića, očnjaka, prvih i drugih premolara, kao i prvih i drugih kutnjaka. Profil citokina varirao je između različitih grupa zuba sa tendencijom povećanja pro-upalnih citokina od prednjih zuba do kutnjaka. Molari se mogu smatrati zubima sa prirodnom predispozicijom za bržu resorpciju kosti, dok bi podešavanje dijagnostičkog raspona parodontalnih biomarkera za prednje ili zadnje zube trebalo razmotriti unutar dijagnostičkog konteksta

Good adherence to HAART and improved survival in a community HIV/AIDS treatment and care programme: the experience of The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda

BACKGROUND: Poor adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may result in treatment failure and death. Most reports of the effect of adherence to HAART on mortality come from studies where special efforts are made to provide HAART under ideal conditions. However, there are few reports of the impact of non-adherence to HAART on mortality from community HIV/AIDS treatment and care programmes in developing countries. We therefore conducted a study to assess the effect of adherence to HAART on survival in The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) community HAART programme in Kampala, Uganda. METHODS: The study was a retrospective cohort of 897 patients who initiated HAART at TASO clinic, Kampala, between May 2004 and December 2006. A total of 7,856 adherence assessments were performed on the data. Adherence was assessed using a combination of self-report and pill count methods. Patients who took 95%. The crude death rate was 12.2 deaths per 100 patient-years, with a rate of 42.5 deaths per 100 patient-years for non-adherent patients and 6.1 deaths per 100 patient-years for adherent patients. Non-adherence to ART was significantly associated with mortality. Patients with a CD4 count of less than 50 cells/mm3 had a higher mortality (HR = 4.3; 95% CI: 2.22-5.56) compared to patients with a CD4 count equal to or greater than 50 cells/mm3 (HR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.79-2.38). CONCLUSION: Our study showed that good adherence and improved survival are feasible in community HIV/AIDS programmes such as that of TASO, Uganda. However, there is need to support community HAART programmes to overcome the challenges of funding to provide sustainable supplies particularly of antiretroviral drugs; provision of high quality clinical and laboratory support; and achieving a balance between expansion and quality of services. Measures for the early identification and treatment of HIV infected people including home-based VCT and HAART should be strengthened

Estimating the Effects of Dental Caries and Its Restorative Treatment on Periodontal Inflammatory and Oxidative Status: A Short Controlled Longitudinal Study

Dental caries and periodontitis are among the most common health conditions that are currently recognized as growing socio-economic problems relating to their increasing prevalence, negative socio-economic impact, and harmful effects on systemic health. So far, the exact effects of caries and standard restorative materials on periodontal inflammatory and oxidative status are not established. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of caries and its restoration using standard temporary and permanent filling materials on a panel of 16 inflammatory and oxidative markers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontally healthy individuals, 7 (D7) and 30 (D30) days post-restoration, while the intact teeth represented the control. One hundred ninety systemically and periodontally healthy patients with occlusal caries underwent standard cavity preparation and restorations with one of six standard temporary or permanent restorative material according to indication and randomization scheme. Interleukin (IL)-2, IFN- g, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-13, IL-9, IL-10, IL-6, IL-5, IL-4, IL-22, TNF-a, IL1- b, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide dismutase, and reduced form of glutathione were measured in GCF samples by flowcytometry and spectrophotometry in aid of commercial diagnostic assays. Caries affected teeth exhibited significantly increased IL-1 b, IL-17, IL- 22, and TBARS and decreased IL-9 concentrations compared to healthy controls. Treatment generally resulted in an increased antioxidant capacity with exception of zinc-polycarboxylate cement showing distinctive inflammatory pattern. Comparison of inflammatory and oxidative profiles in temporary and permanent restorations showed material-specific patterning which was particularly expressed in temporary materials plausibly related to greater caries extension. Caries affected teeth exhibited a balanced inflammatory pattern in GCF, with a general tendency of homeostatic re-establishment following treatment. Restorative materials did not provide specific pathological effects, although some material groups did exhibit significantly elevated levels of inflammatory and oxidative markers compared to healthy controls, while the material-specific patterning was observed as well

ASL lexicon and reporting recommendations: A consensus report from the ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging (OSIPI)

The 2015 consensus statement published by the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM) Perfusion Study Group and the European Cooperation in Science and Technology ( COST) Action ASL in Dementia aimed to encourage the implementation of robust arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion MRI for clinical applications and promote consistency across scanner types, sites, and studies. Subsequently, the recommended 3D pseudo-continuous ASL sequence has been implemented by most major MRI manufacturers. However, ASL remains a rapidly and widely developing field, leading inevitably to further divergence of the technique and its associated terminology, which could cause confusion and hamper research reproducibility. On behalf of the ISMRM Perfusion Study Group, and as part of the ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging (OSIPI), the ASL Lexicon Task Force has been working on the development of an ASL Lexicon and Reporting Recommendations for perfusion imaging and analysis, aiming to (1) develop standardized, consensus nomenclature and terminology for the broad range of ASL imaging techniques and parameters, as well as for the physiological constants required for quantitative analysis; and (2) provide a community-endorsed recommendation of the imaging parameters that we encourage authors to include when describing ASL methods in scientific reports/papers. In this paper, the sequences and parameters in (pseudo-)continuous ASL, pulsed ASL, velocity-selective ASL, and multi-timepoint ASL for brain perfusion imaging are included. However, the content of the lexicon is not intended to be limited to these techniques, and this paper provides the foundation for a growing online inventory that will be extended by the community as further methods and improvements are developed and established

Region-specific impairment of the cervical spinal cord (SC) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A preliminary study using SC templates and quantitative MRI (diffusion tensor imaging/inhomogeneous magnetization transfer)

International audienceIn this preliminary study, our objective was to investigate the potential of high-resolution anatomical imaging, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and conventional/inhomogeneous magnetization transfer imaging [magnetization transfer (MT)/inhomogeneous magnetization transfer (ihMT)] at 3 T, analyzed with template-extracted regions of interest, to measure the atrophy and structural changes of white (WM) and gray (GM) matter spinal cord (SC) occurring in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Ten patients with ALS and 20 age-matched healthy controls were recruited. SC GM and WM areas were automatically segmented using dedicated templates. Atrophy indices were evaluated from T2 *-weighted images at each vertebral level from cervical C1 to C6. DTI and ihMT metrics were quantified within the corticospinal tract (CST), posterior sensory tract (PST) and anterior GM (aGM) horns at the C2 and C5 levels. Clinical disabilities of patients with ALS were evaluated using the Revised ALS Functional Rating Scale, upper motor neuron (UMN) and Medical Research Council scorings, and correlated with MR metrics. Compared with healthy controls, GM and WM atrophy was observed in patients with ALS, especially at lower cervical levels, where a strong correlation was also observed between GM atrophy and the UMN score (R = -0.75, p = 0.05 at C6). Interestingly, a significant decrease in ihMT ratio was found in all regions of interest (p \textless 0.0008), fractional anisotropy (FA) and MT ratios decreased significantly in CST, especially at C5 (p \textless 0.005), and λ// (axial diffusivity) decreased significantly in CST (p = 0.0004) and PST (p = 0.003) at C2. Strong correlations between MRI metrics and clinical scores were also found (0.47 \textless \textbarR\textbar \textless 0.87, p \textless 0.05). Altogether, these preliminary results suggest that high-resolution anatomical imaging and ihMT imaging, in addition to DTI, are valuable for the characterization of SC tissue impairment in ALS. In this study, in addition to an important SC WM demyelination, we also observed, for the first time in ALS, impairments of cervical aGM