The Role of Quality Management in Improving Competitiveness and Performance of Moroccan Organizations

This paper focuses on introducing the term “quality management” and to showcase its relationship with ISO 9000 certification, as well as its impact on competitiveness and performance of Moroccans organizations. A research method strategy was used, which began with some assumptions on the subject. This was followed by the collection of theoretical and empirical data which helped uncover new information and created a better understanding of the topic

Firm Performance: Definition and Measurement Models

The business environment of this new century has undertaken several changes, creating more and more complexity and uncertainty. In this changing environment, which characterizes the global economy today, firms face severe competitive pressure to do things better, faster, and low-priced. They need to cope with a growing number of challenges arising fromtheir environment, and also increase their ability to adapt. Nowadays, continuous performance is the objective of any firm. This is because it is only through performance that companies are able to experience development and make progress. Consequently, assessing and measuring business performance is of significant importance, since companies are constantly seeking effective and efficient results

Can We Talk About Transparency in Moroccan Public Finances?

The link between good governance and better economic and social outcomes is increasingly acknowledged. Transparency – openness about policy objectives, preparation and application – is a key element of good governance. Availability of reliable, relevant and timely information about the public finances allows the government and the citizens to see clearer. Upgraded public service delivery, including the providing of education, healthcare and sanitation, depends on the transparent and efficient management of public funds. Many nations still face challenges in the effective management of their financial resources. Therefore, Transparency is considered as an income to strengthening governance. For more than a decade, civil society organizations around the world, as well as international financial institutions, have been pushing governments to provide the public with more comprehensive budget information. The movement for greater public finance transparency has been gaining momentum in recent years; the recent global financial crisis has put even more emphasis on the importance of budget transparency. Calls for transparency, accountability, and equality have emerged in the whole world, especially the Arab world, with citizens summoning their governments to reveal their incomes and expenditures, as well as strategies and ambitions. To contribute to these efforts, we will be studying and analyzing the reference tools proposed by the international organizations for measuring the degree of budget transparency, and we will attempt to examine the finance transparency in Morocco

The Contribution of Internal Audit to the Improvement of Internal Control System

In order to be more flexible in a perpetual mutational environment and face up to damaging effects of an economic situation in strong growth, organizations have to acquire efficient management tools allowing them to accomplish their objectives and to protect themselves against inherent risks. The implementation of an internal control system is considered to be the guarantor of an invincible organizational system and a means of control of risky operations. However, an applied and well conceived internal control provides the organization just a reasonable and not an absolute insurance about its objectives realization and sustainability. It is the reason for which an upper level control, accomplished by the internal audit function, seems to be a palliative to the internal control deficiencies, and a means of supervising and evaluating the application of procedures and internal control rules. Thus, this research aims at demonstrating how internal audit can participate to the improvement of internal control system. In this context, we have introduced a qualitative study, which was based on a sample of 10 Moroccan publicly traded companies that operate in many industries. Through the interviews conducted with this sample, we had identified firstly, the different control levels within organizations, and their degree of effectiveness and their capacity to face up risks as well as the limits of each type of control. Secondly, this research explored that internal audit is considered as a response to the insufficiencies of different lower control levels, and a means of monitoring and piloting the effectiveness of internal control system, across notably the recommendations provided

Les Déterminants de l’Adoption des IFRS par les Entreprises: cas du Maroc

Suite aux profondes mutations apportées par le phénomène de la mondialisation envahissante, l’économie marocaine est actuellement caractérisée par une grande ouverture à l’international. A ce titre, les entreprises nationales comptent garder leurs positions concurrentielles tout en cherchant en boucle plus d’investisseurs potentiels du monde entier. Pour ce fait, les entreprises doivent présenter leur comptabilité d’une manière claire, transparente et surtout compréhensible par toutes les parties prenantes. Cependant, la comptabilité marocaine, qui repose sur le droit comptable national, ne peut pas satisfaire cette demande. Pour cette raison, l’Etat marocain essaye de se converger aux normes comptables internationales, tout en obligeant des entreprises à l’adopter dans la perspective d’une présentation de leur états financiers, et en permettant à d’autres de l’adopter à titre optionnel. Cet article a pour but d’exposer les résultats obtenus d’une étude réalisée auprès de 82 entreprises de différentes régions du Royaume du Maroc et de différents secteurs, dans le but de répondre aux questions suivantes : -           Quelle est la situation des normes internationales IFRS au niveau du Maroc ? -           Quels sont les facteurs qui définissent l’adoption des IFRS par les entreprises marocaines ? Les résultats de notre étude ont prouvé qu’il existe seulement un facteur de contingence qui détermine l’adoption des IFRS par les entreprises marocaines, qui est la taille de l’entreprise.   As a result of the profound changes caused by the phenomenon of invasive globalization, the Moroccan economy is currently showing a great openness to the international sphere. As such, national companies plan to keep their competitive positions while seeking more potential investors from all over the world. For this reason, companies must present their accounting records in a clear, transparent and comprehensible manner to all stakeholders. However, Moroccan accounting system, which is based on the national accounting law, cannot fully meet those criteria. So, in attempt to remedy the situation, the Moroccan government is trying to comply with the international accounting standards by enforcing them on some companies to produce financial statements and allowing others to adopt them on an optional basis. The purpose of this scientific article is to present the results obtained from a study undertaking using a questionnaire at 82 companies’ level, from different regions of the Kingdom of Morocco and from different sectors, in order to answer the following questions: - What is the situation of international IFRS standards in Morocco? - What are the factors that define the adoption of IFRS by Moroccan companies? The results of our study have demonstrated the existence of only one contingency factor which determines the adoption of IFRS by Moroccan companies which is the size of the company

An Empirical Investigation of Adopting IFRS Accounting Standards Evidence from Morocco

This article examines whether Moroccan listed companies have adopted the IFRS accounting standards. It aims to propose a logistic regression model to explain the adoption of IFRS in the Moroccan context. We conducted a quantitative study using a questionnaire with 43 companies listed on the Casablanca stock exchange.. Definitely, we can say that overall, our main results suggest that the adoption of these standards is justified initially by firm size. The existence of institutional shareholders and membership in the financial sector tend to favor the choice of adoption of IFRS. Keywords: Logistic regression model; IFRS; the contingency theory

Study of the relationship between organizational commitment and individual work performance: Case of employees in the automotive sector in Morocco

The search for performance engages managers in a process of continuous improvement in several areas. These include prospecting for new customers, retaining existing customers, innovation, etc. However, managers are aware that the room for maneuver on these aspects remains very limited. In this sense, several studies have shown that human resources are a real differentiating factor for the company in a highly competitive market. Consequently, managers must take actions aimed at employees in order to increase their motivation and involvement at work. In this perspective, our research work consists in exploring the relationship between organizational commitment and individual work performance, and tries to provide managers with an idea on the mechanisms able to improve the performance of their employees through the development of their commitment to the organization. To this end, we administered a survey to 480 employees in the automotive sector in the Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region. The structural equation model method was used to explore the relationships between the independent and dependent variables. The results show that organizational commitment has a positive effect on individual work performance. JEL classification: L20, O15 Type paper: empirical researchLa recherche de la performance engage les dirigeants dans des processus d’amélioration continus visant plusieurs axes. Parmi les axes on trouve la prospection de nouveaux clients, la fidélisation des clients existants, l’innovation, etc. Cependant, les dirigeants sont conscients que la marge de manœuvre sur ces aspects reste très limitée. Dans ce sens, plusieurs études ont montré que les ressources humaines constituent un réel facteur de différenciation de l’entreprise dans un marché en pleine compétitivité. Dès lors, les dirigeants doivent mener des actions à destination des employés en vue de croitre leur motivation et leur implication au travail. Classification JEL : L20, O15 Type du papier : Article empirique Dans cette perspective, nous travail de recherche consiste à explorer la relation entre l’engagement organisationnel et la performance individuelle au travail, et tente de fournir aux dirigeants une idée sur les mécanismes en mesure d’améliorer la performance de leurs employés à travers le développement de leur engagement envers l’organisation. Pour ce faire, nous avons administré un questionnaire à 480 employés du secteur automobile de la région Rabat-Salé-Kénitra. La méthode du modèle des équations structurelles a été utilisée pour explorer les relations entre les variables indépendantes et dépendantes. Les résultats montrent, en effet, que l’engagement organisationnel agit positivement sur la performance individuelle au travail

Y’a-t-il vraiment un besoin pour changer de referentiel comptable au Maroc? la prétendue value relevance des normes comptables IFRS

The adoption of IFRS aims to improve the quality of accounting, thus increasing its value to stakeholders. But often the adoption of these standards did not originate from an internal need of the emergent’s countries but are usually offered by international financial institutions that require "IFRS label" to align with the best practices of developed countries. The question that arises in this research is to know, beyond the motivations African companies to adopt IFRS; Ahsina (2012) and Sy and Tinker (2013), is that IFRS are of top quality local standards? A review of abundant literature was conducted in developed countries, but did not decide categorically on the superiority of IFRS by local standards. By cons, There are few studies on emerging markets as the Moroccan financial market, hence the usefulness of this work. This article is based on a model of price and yields developed by Amir et al (1993), Barth and Clinch (1996) and Harris and Muller (1999). This is to achieve association studies between market values and financial information from the national database by incorporating the differential amount resulting from the application of IFRS. The findings emerged from the study suggest that the informational relevance of IFRS is low for both models; the R2 is less than 30% for the first model and 10% for the second model. Thus, the obligation to adopt IFRS standards imposed by the AMF and the central bank of Morocco on the recommendations by international financial institutions, is not timely, since it did not leads to the production of more relevant financial information and of good quality