Location-aware service discovery on IPv6 GeoNetworking for VANET

Conference is technically co-sponsored by IEEE Communications Society and co-organized by the Technical Sub-Committee on Vehicular Networks and Telematics (VNAT)International audienceService discovery is an essential component for applications in vehicular communication systems. While there have been numerous service discovery protocols dedicated to a local network, mobile ad-hoc networks and the Internet, in vehicular communication systems, applications pose additional requirements; They need to discover services according to geo- graphical position. In this paper, we propose a location-aware service discovery mechanism for Vehicular Ad-hoc NETwork (VANET). The proposed mechanism exploits IPv6 multicast on top of IPv6 GeoNetworking specified by the GeoNet project. Thanks to the GeoBroadcast mechanism, it efficiently propagates service discovery messages to a subset of nodes inside a relevant geographical area with encapsulating IPv6 multicast packets. We implemented the mechanism using CarGeo6, an open source implementation of IPv6 GeoNetworking. Our real field evaluation shows the system can discover services with low latency and low bandwidth usage in VANETs

2-Mercaptoethylamine, a competitive inhibitor of spermidine synthase in mammalian cells

AbstractSpermidine synthase from rat ventral prostate was inhibited by 2-mercaptoethylamine (MEA). Inhibition of spermidine synthase by MEA was competitive with respect to one of the substrates putrescine, but not competitive with respect to the other substrate decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine. MEA markedly depressed spermidine and spermine contents in human erythroid leukemia K562 cells, suggesting that these changes resulted from the inhibitory effect of MEA on spermidine synthase in situ

Performance of a liquid scintillator containing a zirconium β-keto ester complex developed for the ZICOS experiment

A liquid scintillator containing a zirconium β-keto ester complex has been developed for the ZIrconium Complex in Organic Scintillator (ZICOS) neutrinoless double beta decay experiment. We are aiming to develop a detector which has a good energy resolution (4% at 2.5 MeV), a large light yield (60% that of BC505) and a low background rate (0.1 counts/tonne・year) with several tonnes of 96Zr isotope, so we have investigated the zirconium β-keto ester complexes tetrakis (isopropyl acetoacetato) zirconium and tetrakis (ethyl acetoacetato) zirconium, which have high solubility (over 10 wt.%) in anisole. We measured the performance of liquid scintillators containing these zirconium β-keto ester complexes and obtained 40% of the light yield of BC505 and energy resolution of 4.1% at 2.5 MeV assuming 40% photo coverage of the photomultiplier in the ZICOS detector. Thus we almost achieved our initial goal. Preliminary investigations indicate that tetrakis (diethyl malonato) zirconium will give us no quenching of the light yield and an energy resolution of 2.9% at 2.5 MeV. This will be a suitable complex for the ZICOS experiment, if it has a large solubility

Discrimination of Cherenkov light in Liquid Scintillator for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Experiment

　A liquid scintillator containing a tetrakis（isopropyl acetoacetato）zirconium has been developed for ZICOS experiment. We will use 180 tons of liquid scintillator containing 75 kg of 96Zr in the inner balloon（45 kg in fiducial volume）surrounding 64 % photo coverage of 20 inch photomultiplier. In order to reach the sensitivity ≥1027 years, we have to reduce 95 % of 208Tl decay backgrounds at least. Using Monte Carlo simulation, we could demonstrate new method using the hit pattern of PMT which received Cherenkov light, and could reduce 93 % of 208Tl background with 78 % efficiency for 0νββ signal. For the discrimination of Cherenkov light, we measured the timing pulse shape of Zr loaded liquid scintillator using FADC digitizer, and we found an inconsistent pulse shape at the rise timing with the template of scintillation. Also the event with an inconsistent pulse shape seems to have a directionality

Real-vehicle integration of driver support application with IPv6 GeoNetworking

International audienceOne of the essential usage of Intelligent Trans- portation Systems (ITS) applications is to provide road traffic information to vehicle drivers for road safety and efficient drive. For this usage, it is necessary to integrate geographical routing mechanisms in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) into ITS applications. In this paper, we design and implement an ITS application which relies on IPv6 GeoNetworking; a geographical addressing and routing mechanism developed in the GeoNet project. Our application supports realistic use case scenarios, therefore we integrated it into INRIA's vehicular platform. The system has publicly been demonstrated in realistic scenarios

Location-aware service discovery on IPv6 GeoNetworking for VANET

Conference is technically co-sponsored by IEEE Communications Society and co-organized by the Technical Sub-Committee on Vehicular Networks and Telematics (VNAT)International audienceService discovery is an essential component for applications in vehicular communication systems. While there have been numerous service discovery protocols dedicated to a local network, mobile ad-hoc networks and the Internet, in vehicular communication systems, applications pose additional requirements; They need to discover services according to geo- graphical position. In this paper, we propose a location-aware service discovery mechanism for Vehicular Ad-hoc NETwork (VANET). The proposed mechanism exploits IPv6 multicast on top of IPv6 GeoNetworking specified by the GeoNet project. Thanks to the GeoBroadcast mechanism, it efficiently propagates service discovery messages to a subset of nodes inside a relevant geographical area with encapsulating IPv6 multicast packets. We implemented the mechanism using CarGeo6, an open source implementation of IPv6 GeoNetworking. Our real field evaluation shows the system can discover services with low latency and low bandwidth usage in VANETs

Direct measurement of spectral shape of Cherenkov light using cosmic muons

The spectral pulse shape of Cherenkov lights was directly measured by using cosmic muons. The observed decay times for early and late timing were 5.0 and 5.2ns, respectively. They were actually shorter than the time of scintillation lights which were also measured as 9.3ns and 9.2ns, respectively. However we could not see the difference of the rise time between scintillation and Cherenkov lights. This was due to the slow response of our DAQ equipment, photomultiplier and FADC digitize

Precise pulse shape measurement of Cherenkov light using sub-MeV electrons from Sr-90/Y-90 beta source

The precise spectral pulse shape from Cherenkov lights was directly measured by using sub-MeV electrons from 90Sr/90Y beta source. The observed shape was clearly different from the shape of scintillation light. The pulse rise and fall （decay） time for Cherenkov light were 0.8 ns and 2.5 ns, respectively. They were actually shorter than those times of scintillation light which were also measured by 1.6 ns and 6.5 ns, respectively. This clear Thisclearclear difference of rise time will be used for the pulse shape discrimination in order to select PMTs which receive Cherenkov lights, and the topological information due to Cherenkov light will be used for the reduction of backgrounds from 208Tl beta decay which should be major backgrounds observed around Q-value （3.35MeV）of 96Zr neutrinoless double beta decay

ZICOS : New project for neutrinoless double beta decay experiment using zirconium complex in liquid scintillator

　A liquid scintillator containing a zirconium β-keto ester complex has been developed for the Zirconium COmplex in liquid Scintillator (ZICOS) experiment which is new project of neutrinoless double beta decay search. We are aiming to develop a detector which has a good energy resolution (3.5% at 3.35 MeV), a large light yield (60% that of BC505) and a low background rate (0.1 counts/tonne・year) with several hundred kg of 96Zr isotope, so we have investigated the zirconium β-keto ester complexes such as tetrakis (isopropyl acetoacetato) zirconium and tetrakis (ethyl acetoacetato) zirconium, which have high solubility (over 30 wt.%)in anisole. We measured the performance of liquid scintillator containing these zirconium β-keto ester complexes, and obtained 48.7+-7.1% of the light yield of BC505 and the energy resolution of 4.1+-0.6% at 3.35 MeV assuming 40% photo coverage of the photomultiplier in the detector. This results reached our initial goal, so we estimated that ZICOS experiment should be sensitive to < 0.2 - 0.3 eV assuming gA = 1.25, gPP = 1.11 and QRPA model, if a radius of the balloon is 1.5 m and the balloon is filled with a liquidscintillator containing 10 wt.% concentration of a zirconium β-keto ester complex with an enriched 96Zr

HUN-ZICOS 検出器を用いたチェレンコフ光の位相幾何学情報の直接観測

The topological information of Cherenkov light from low energy electron was directly measured by HUNIZICOS detector. A 1.484 MeV electron with fixed direction to the center of hemispherical surface of the detector was generated by Compton back scattering with 100 degree from 88Y 1.836 MeV gamma. The observed averaged angle of Cherenkov light emitted from this electron was clustered around 40 degree assuming the vertex position to be at the center of truncated icosahedron photomultiplier jig. It was not Cherenkov angle around 47 degree as obtained by old simulation and the vertex to be the center of light yield for hitted photomultiplier. According to the HUNI-ZICOS simulation, the averaged angle of Cherenkov light was also clustered around 40 degree. On the other hands, the simulated averaged angle of scintillation was clustered around 49 degree, which is consistent with the averaged value of angle between the direction to center of hemisphere surface and each photomultiplier from the center of the jig. The obtained hitmap seemed to have same non flat structure as that of simulation due to Cherenkov ring. This is an evidence that Cherenkov lights emitted from 1.484 MeV electron should really have their topology. Therefore, we concluded that we will be able to reduce 208Tl background using the averaged angle for 96Zr neutrinoless double beta decay search.HUNI-ZICOS検出器を用いて低エネルギー電子が放出するチェレンコフ光の位相幾何学情報の直接観測を行った。単一方向・単色エネルギーを持つ電子を用いてチェレンコフ光の均角を観測したところ、光電子増倍管を設置する切頂20面体の治具の中心をバーテックスと仮定すると、40度に事象が集中していた。また、シミュレーションによると、チェレンコフ光の平均角は同様に40度に集中していた。これに対して、シンチレーション光の平均角は49度に集中していた。これは、切頂20面体の中心から半球の中心方向と、各光電子増倍管との間の角度の平均値と一致している。また、観測された光電子増倍管のヒットマップはチェレンコフ光リングにより一定の構造にはなっておらず、シミュレーションのヒットマップの構造とも合致している。これらの事実は、低エネルギー電子から放射されたチェレンコフ光は位相幾何学情報を維持していることの証拠である。つまり、平均角を用いればニュートリノを放出しない二重ベータ崩壊事象の探索で問題となる208Tlの背景事象を除去できると結論づけた