Caramuru, o mito: conquista e conciliação

This essay attempts to trace the history of the Caramuru myth, whereas the versions of Santa Rita Durão and others express various attitudes related to colonization and nationality. The important reevaluation of the myth in the nineteenth century was essential to the story. At that time, Romanticism and the liberal ideology rejected the notion of racial conciliation that lies at the heart of the legend of CaramuruEste ensaio procura traçar a história do mito do Caramuru, considerando que as versões de Santa Rita Durão e de outros expressam atitudes diversas em relação à colonização e à nacionalidade. Fundamental para essa história é a reavaliação importante que o mito sofreu no século XIX, quando o romantismo e a ideologia liberal rejeitaram a noção de conciliação racial que se situa no centro da lenda do Caramuru

Candeia, the Quilombo project and anti-racist activism in the 1970s

Ao participar da ressurgência da militância antirracista em meados da década de 1970, o Grêmio Recreativo de Arte Negra Escola de Samba Quilombo, fundado pelo  compositor e cantor Antônio Candeia Filho, se inspirava no grande exemplo histórico da resistência negra, ou seja, as comunidades de escravos rebeldes chamadas  quilombos. Este ensaio reavalia as perspectivas do projeto Quilombo em relação ao antirracismo e à política identitária negra, e mostra como, no auge da ditadura  militar, ele propunha uma visão progressista e democrática da resistência enquanto projeto criativo coletivo – tipificado culturalmente pela escola de samba comunitária  e pela prática improvisatória colaborativa do samba de partido-alto –, que colocava no centro do seu ideário as tradições estéticas e filosóficas negras, ao passo que atravessava de  aneira inclusiva as fronteiras raciais de cor.As it took part in the resurgence of anti-racist activism in the mid 1970s, the Quilombo Recreational Guild of Black Art and Samba School, founded by singer-songwriter  Antônio Candeia Filho, took its inspiration from the great historical example of black resistance, the rebel slave communities or quilombos. This paper will reassess the  Quilombo project’s perspectives on the politics of anti-racism and black identity, showing how, at the height of Brazil’s military dictatorship, it proposed a progressive,  democratic vision of resistance as a creative collective project – typified culturally by the grassroots escola de samba and by the collaborative improvisational practice of  samba de partido-alto – which placed black aesthetic and philosophical traditions at its core while inclusively cutting across racial colour lines

Development of an Uncertainty Model for the National Transonic Facility

This paper introduces an uncertainty model being developed for the National Transonic Facility (NTF). The model uses a Monte Carlo technique to propagate standard uncertainties of measured values through the NTF data reduction equations to calculate the combined uncertainties of the key aerodynamic force and moment coefficients and freestream properties. The uncertainty propagation approach to assessing data variability is compared with ongoing data quality assessment activities at the NTF, notably check standard testing using statistical process control (SPC) techniques. It is shown that the two approaches are complementary and both are necessary tools for data quality assessment and improvement activities. The SPC approach is the final arbiter of variability in a facility. Its result encompasses variation due to people, processes, test equipment, and test article. The uncertainty propagation approach is limited mainly to the data reduction process. However, it is useful because it helps to assess the causes of variability seen in the data and consequently provides a basis for improvement. For example, it is shown that Mach number random uncertainty is dominated by static pressure variation over most of the dynamic pressure range tested. However, the random uncertainty in the drag coefficient is generally dominated by axial and normal force uncertainty with much less contribution from freestream conditions

Ohio Economic Insects and Related Anthropods

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Validation of the VE1 immunostain for the BRAF V600E mutation in melanoma

BACKGROUND: BRAF mutation status, and therefore eligibility for BRAF inhibitors, is currently determined by sequencing methods. We assessed the validity of VE1, a monoclonal antibody against the BRAF V600E mutant protein, in the detection of mutant BRAF V600E melanomas as classified by DNA pyrosequencing. METHODS: The cases were 76 metastatic melanoma patients with only one known primary melanoma who had had BRAF codon 600 pyrosequencing of either their primary (n = 19), metastatic (n = 57) melanoma, or both (n = 17). All melanomas (n = 93) were immunostained with the BRAF VE1 antibody using a red detection system. The staining intensity of these specimens was scored from 0 to 3+ by a dermatopathologist. Scores of 0 and 1+ were considered as negative staining while scores of 2+ and 3+ were considered positive. RESULTS: The VE1 antibody showed a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 100% as compared to DNA pyrosequencing results. There was 100% concordance between VE1 immunostaining of primary and metastatic melanomas from the same patient. V600K, V600Q, and V600R BRAF melanomas did not positively stain with VE1. CONCLUSIONS: This hospital-based study finds high sensitivity and specificity for the BRAF VE1 immunostain in comparison to pyrosequencing in detection of BRAF V600E in melanomas