11 research outputs found
Factors influencing adherence to standard precautions among nursing professionals in psychiatric hospitals
Ileal amino acids digestibility of sorghum in weaned piglets and growing pigs
The objective of the study was to determine the coefficients of ileal apparent digestibility (CIAD) of sorghum protein and amino acids (AA) in weaned piglets and growing pigs. Digestibility coefficients were estimated using the regression and difference methods for the weaned piglet
Microencapsulation of the natural urucum pigment with chitosan by spray drying in different solvents
The food industry expects increasingly complex properties from food ingredients and such complex properties can often only be provided by microencapsulation. A number of methods are reported for microencapsulation but the most popular technique employed in industry is spray drying. Urucum has many applications in the food industry. In this study, we report the process of urucum microencapsulation into chitosan by spray drying. Characterization by scanning electron microscope,infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and color were used to analyze solid materials obtained in different carboxylic acids
Determination of basal ileal endogenous losses and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in barley fed to growing pigs
Perinatal exposure to a diet high in saturated fat, refined sugar and cholesterol affects behaviour, growth, and feed intake in weaned piglets
The increased consumption of diets high in saturated fats and refined
sugars is a major public health concern in Western human societies.
Recent studies suggest that perinatal exposure to dietary fat and/or
sugar may affect behavioural development. We thus investigated the
effects of perinatal exposure to a high-fat high-sugar diet (HFS) on
behavioural development and production performance of piglets.
Thirty-two non-obese sows and their piglets were allocated to 1 of 4
treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial design, with 8-week prenatal (gestation)
and 8-week postnatal (lactation and post-weaning) exposure to a HFS diet
(12% saturated fat, 18.5% sucrose, 1% cholesterol) or control low-fat
low-sugar high-starch diets as factors. From weaning onwards (4 weeks of
age), piglets were housed in group of 3 littermates (n = 8
groups/treatment) and fed ad libitum. After the end of the dietary
intervention (8 weeks of age), all the piglets were fed a standard
commercial diet. Piglet behaviours in the home pens were scored, and
skin lesions, growth, feed intake and feed efficiency were measured up
to 8 weeks after the end of the dietary treatment, i.e. until 16 weeks
of age. At the end of the dietary treatment (8 weeks of age), response
to novelty was assessed in a combined open field and novel object test
(OFT/NOT). During the weeks following weaning, piglets fed the postnatal
HFS diet tended to be less aggressive (p = 0.06), but exhibited more
oral manipulation of pen mates (p = 0.05) than controls. Compared to
controls, piglets fed the prenatal or postnatal HFS diet walked more in
the home pen (p <= 0.05), and tended to have fewer skin lesions (p <
0.10). Several behavioural effects of the postnatal HFS diet depended on
the prenatal diet, with piglets subjected to a switch of diet at birth
being more active, and exploring feeding materials, pen mates, and the
environment more than piglets that remained on the same diet. Behaviours
during the OFT/NOT were not affected by the diet. The intake of the
postnatal HFS diet drastically reduced feed intake, but improved feed
efficiency up to 8 weeks after the end of the dietary intervention, i.e.
16 weeks of age (p < 0.0001 for both). Our study highlights the key role
of prenatal and postnatal nutritional interactions for early behavioural
development, and reveals programming effects of early life nutrition on
voluntary feed intake of piglets later in life