Open String on Symmetric Product

We develop some basic properties of the open string on the symmetric product which is supposed to describe the open string field theory in discrete lightcone quantization (DLCQ). After preparing the consistency conditions of the twisted boundary conditions for Annulus/M\"obius/Klein Bottle amplitudes in generic non-abelian orbifold, we classify the most general solutions of the constraints when the discrete group is $S_N$. We calculate the corresponding orbifold amplitudes from two viewpoints -- from the boundary state formalism and from the trace over the open string Hilbert space. It is shown that the topology of the world sheet for the short string and that of the long string in general do not coincide. For example the annulus sector for the short string contains all the sectors (torus, annulus, Klein bottle, M\"obius strip) of the long strings. The boundary/cross-cap states of the short strings are classified into three categories in terms of the long string, the ordinary boundary and the cross-cap states, and the ``joint'' state which describes the connection of two short strings. We show that the sum of the all possible boundary conditions is equal to the exponential of the sum of the irreducible amplitude -- one body amplitude of long open (closed) strings. This is typical structure of DLCQ partition function. We examined that the tadpole cancellation condition in our language and derived the well-known gauge group $SO(2^{13})$.Comment: 56 pages, 11 figures, Late

Biconformal supergravity and the AdS/CFT conjecture

Biconformal supergravity models provide a new gauging of the superconformal group relevant to the Maldacena conjecture. Using the group quotient method to biconformally gauge SU(2,2|N), we generate a 16-dim superspace. We write the most general even- and odd-parity actions linear in the curvatures, the bosonic sector of which is known to descend to general relativity on a 4-dim manifold.Comment: 35 pages, adjusted group nomenclature, 1 reference and acknowledgements adde

Gauge theories of spacetime symmetries

Gauge theories of conformal spacetime symmetries are presented which merge features of Yang-Mills theory and general relativity in a new way. The models are local but nonpolynomial in the gauge fields, with a nonpolynomial structure that can be elegantly written in terms of a metric (or vielbein) composed of the gauge fields. General relativity itself emerges from the construction as a gauge theory of spacetime translations. The role of the models within a general classification of consistent interactions of gauge fields is discussed as well.Comment: 8 pages, revtex; v2: minor improvements of text and formulas; v3: typo in formula after eq. (35) correcte

Spacetime Fermions in Light-cone Gauge Superstring Field Theory and Dimensional Regularization

We consider the dimensional regularization of the light-cone gauge type II superstring field theories in the NSR formalism. In the previous work, we have calculated the tree-level amplitudes with external lines in the (NS,NS) sector using the regularization and shown that the desired results are obtained without introducing contact term interactions. In this work, we study the tree-level amplitudes with external lines in the Ramond sector. In order to deal with them, we propose a worldsheet theory to be used instead of that for the naive dimensional regularization. With the worldsheet theory, we regularize and define the tree-level amplitudes by analytic continuation. We show that the results coincide with those of the first quantized formulation.Comment: 28 pages, 5 figures; v2: more details of our manipulations in subsection 3.2 added, figures and references added; v3: clarifications adde

Effective potential analysis for 5D SU(2) gauge theories at finite temperature and radius

We calculate the one loop effective potential for a 5D SU(2) gauge field theory at finite temperature $T=1/\beta$ and radius R=1/M. This calculation is performed, for the first time, in the case of background fields with two constant components $A^{3}_{y}$ (directed towards the compact extra dimension with radius R) and $A^{3}_{\tau}$ (directed towards the compact Euclidean time with radius $\beta$). This model possesses two discrete symmetries known as Z_{M}(2) and Z_{T}(2). The corresponding phase diagram is presented in Ref. 4. However the arguments which lead to this diagram are mainly qualitative. We present a detailed analysis, from our point of view, for this phase diagram, and we support our arguments performing lattice simulations for a simple phenomenological model with two scalar fields interacting through the previously calculated potential.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures ; typos correcte

Digestive organs: Carcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts

Review on Digestive organs: Carcinoma of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts, with data on clinics, and the genes involved

SUSY flavor structure of generic 5D supergravity models

We perform a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the SUSY flavor structure of generic 5D supergravity models on $S^1/Z_2$ with multiple $Z_2$-odd vector multiplets that generate multiple moduli. The SUSY flavor problem can be avoided due to contact terms in the 4D effective K\"ahler potential peculiar to the multi-moduli case. A detailed phenomenological analysis is provided based on an illustrative model.Comment: 37 pages, 7 figures, Sec.4 is modifie

Gravitational coupling to two-particle bound states and momentum conservation in deep inelastic scattering

The momentum conservation sum rule for deep inelastic scattering (DIS) from composite particles is investigated using the general theory of relativity. For two 1+1 dimensional examples, it shown that covariant theories automatically satisy the DIS momentum conservation sum rule provided the bound state is covariantilly normalized. Therefore, in these cases the two DIS sum rules for baryon conservation and momentum conservation are equivalent