A megújuló energiafogyasztás és a nettó energiaimport, az üvegházhatású gázok kibocsátása, valamint a humán tőke közötti kapcsolat vizsgálata = The relationship between renewable energy consumption, net energy import, greenhouse gas emission and human capital

L

A Review on the Extension of Hall’s Method of Quantification to Bulk Specimen X-Ray Microanalysis

The theoretical background and the experimental data described in this paper justify the application of the Hall\u27s continuum method of quantitation and the use of bulk crystals of known composition as standards, without ZAF correction, for the biological bulk specimen X-ray microanalysis, provided that proper criteria are respected during the realization of such measurements. The most important points are as follows: (i) Only crystals can be selected where the electrostatic charging is negligible or absent. This depends in part on the own characteristics of the crystals, and can also be facilitated by using low accelerating voltage, e.g. 10 kV, well-conducting specimen holders, and fast scanning rates; (ii) Apart from the element of interest (Na, K, Cl, etc.) all other accompanying components must be of low atomic number (11 or lower), in order to assure the similarity to the composition of the biological matrix where C, O, N and H are the most abundant elements. Comparison of the results in brain and liver cell nuclei and cytoplasm revealed that the elemental concentrations of Na and K are identical within the statistical scatter, if the continuum radiation used for the calculation of the peak-to-background ratios is selected under the respective elemental peak, or farther, in a peak-free region of the spectrum

Deriving feasible deployment alternatives for parallel and distributed simulation systems

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Parallel and distributed simulations (PADS) realize the distributed execution of a simulation system over multiple physical resources. To realize the execution of PADS, different simulation infrastructures such as HLA, DIS and TENA have been defined. Recently, the Distributed Simulation Engineering and Execution Process (DSEEP) that supports the mapping of the simulations on the infrastructures has been defined. An important recommended task in DSEEP is the evaluation of the performance of the simulation systems at the design phase. In general, the performance of a simulation is largely influenced by the allocation of member applications to the resources. Usually, the deployment of the applications to the resources can be done in many different ways. DSEEP does not provide a concrete approach for evaluating the deployment alternatives. Moreover, current approaches that can be used for realizing various DSEEP activities do not yet provide adequate support for this purpose. We provide a concrete approach for deriving feasible deployment alternatives based on the simulation system and the available resources. In the approach, first the simulation components and the resources are designed. The design is used to define alternative execution configurations, and based on the design and the execution configuration; a feasible deployment alternative can be algorithmically derived. Tool support is developed for the simulation design, the execution configuration definition and the automatic generation of feasible deployment alternatives. The approach has been applied within a large-scale industrial case study for simulating Electronic Warfare systems. © 2013 ACM

STUDY ON THE MACRONUTRIENT CONTENT OF APPLE LEAVES IN AN ORGANIC APPLE ORCHARD

Macronutrient contents of soil and apple leaves were investigated in an organic apple orchard in Eastern Hungary in 2002-2004. Soil samples were taken from 0-20 cm depth in April and October. The macronutrient content of leaves was measured on cvs. Jonagold, Mutsu, Idared, Red Elstar, Egri Piros, Reka, and Remo at six assessment dates (from April to September). The macronutrient contents of N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg were measured in both soil and leaf samples, then macronutrient ratios were calculated from the obtained results. The results showed that younger leaves contained more N and P than older ones. K and Ca contents of leaves decreased until July, then increased slightly, and decreased again. A continuous decrease of the S content of leaves was observed until August. The Mg content of leaves increased until June, then decreased in July and then increased again. Macronutrient values were dependent on cultivar. Calculated macronutrient ratios showed that the nutrient supply of soil was not optimal in the orchard

Entropy and Hausdorff Dimension in Random Growing Trees

We investigate the limiting behavior of random tree growth in preferential attachment models. The tree stems from a root, and we add vertices to the system one-by-one at random, according to a rule which depends on the degree distribution of the already existing tree. The so-called weight function, in terms of which the rule of attachment is formulated, is such that each vertex in the tree can have at most K children. We define the concept of a certain random measure mu on the leaves of the limiting tree, which captures a global property of the tree growth in a natural way. We prove that the Hausdorff and the packing dimension of this limiting measure is equal and constant with probability one. Moreover, the local dimension of mu equals the Hausdorff dimension at mu-almost every point. We give an explicit formula for the dimension, given the rule of attachment

Nagyszelektivitású katalizátorrendszerek kifejlesztése = Towards 100% selectivity - development of highly selective catalytic systems

Kezdetben Cu-Tyr és Cu-His komplexek kovalens immobilizálására került sor, ahol C- illetve N-védett aminosavakat használtunk. A hordozók klórpropilezett szilikagél és Merrifield gyanta voltak. A komplexek kialakítására a védőcsoport eltávolítása után került sor. A későbbiekben Cu-, Co-, Fe- és Ni-aminosav komplexeket készítettünk a fenti hordozókon úgy, hogy a C- vagy N-védett aminosavakat (hisztidin, tirozin, cisztein, cisztin) a hordozóra kovalensen rögzítettük, majd kialakítottuk ki a fémkomplexeket. Az anyagokat szerkezetileg jellemeztük, és teszteltük SOD aktivitásukat. A védőcsoportot tartalmazó felületi komplexek aktívabbak, mint a védőcsoport nélküliek, a ligandumszegény környezetben szintetizáltak aktívabbak, mint a ligandumban gazdag környezetben készítettek, a fehérjevázhoz hasonlónak gondolt gyanta nem növelte a katalitikus aktivitást, és a Cu(II) ion geometriája a felületi komplexben torzult tetraéderes. A továbbiakban felületre kovalensen kötött vegyes ligandumú komplexeket készítettünk. Kidolgoztunk háromféle szintézismódszert, amely nagyszámú katalizátort eredményezett. A központi ionok Cu(II), Co(II), Fe(III) és Ni(II), a ligandumpárok C- vagy N-védett hisztidin és tirozin, vagy hisztidin és cisztein, vagy hisztidin és cisztin vagy cisztein és cisztin voltak az eddigi hordozókon. Sokféle koordinációs módot láttunk, és azt tapasztaltuk, hogy a felületi komplexek szerkezete a készítésmódtól is erősen függ. Sok esetben jelentős SOD aktivitást mértünk. | We started with the synthesis of covalently grafted Cu-Tyr and Cu-His complexes using C- or N-protected amino acids. Chloropropylated silica gel or Merrifield's resin was the support. The complexes were made after deprotecting the amino acid ligands. Later, surface-anchored Cu-, Co-, Fe- és Ni-amino acid complexes were prepared on the same supports using C- or N-protected histidine, tyrosine, cysteine and cystine and covalent bonding. The substances were structurally characterised and their SOD activities were tested. Surface complexes with protected amino acid ligands were more active than with deprotected ligands, those made under ligand poor conditions were more active than those made under ligand-excess conditions, the resin, thought to be similar to the proteomic skeleton, did not increase activity, and the geometry of the Cu(II) ion is distorted tetrahedron. In further work surface-anchored mixed amino acid complexes were prepared. Three synthesis methods were elaborated giving a large number of catalysts. The central ions were Cu(II), Co(II), Fe(III) and Ni(II), the ligands were C- or N-protected histidine and tyrosine, or histidine and cysteine, or histidine and cystine or cysteine and cystine and the supports were the same as before. Many coordination modes were observed and it was found that the catalytic activities of the substances largely depended on the method of preparation as well. In many cases substantial SOD activity could be measured

Számelmélet és kombinatorikus vonatkozásai = Number Theory and its Interactions with Combinatorics

A kutatók számos érdekes eredményt értek el a kombinatorikus számelmélet és geometria, gráfelmélet, diofantikus approximáció területén, itt csak néhányat említünk. Elekes és Ruzsa a Freiman, Balog-Szemerédi és Laczkovich-Ruzsa tételek közös általánosítását adják, ezzel a témakört egységesítik, és számos kombinatorikus geometriai tételt fejlesztenek tovább. Elekes Szabó E.-vel áttörést ért el a sok szabályosságot tartalmazó konfigurációk karakterizációjának általános problémájában, néhány korábbi eredményt jelentősen továbbfejlesztve. Szemerédi A. Khalfalah-val igazolja Sárközy, Roth és T. Sós azon sejtését, hogy: ha beosztjuk az egész számokat véges sok osztályba, akkor valamely osztályban van két olyan szám, amelyek összege négyzetszám, V. Vu-val közösen pedig Folkman egy sejtését bizonyítja. Biró javítja Ruzsa és Kolountzakis egész számok parkettázására vonatkozó eredményét. Erősíti és általánosítja a "karakterizáló sorozatok" témakör korábbi eredményeit. Ruzsa és B. Green meghatározzák tetszőleges véges kommutatív csoportban a legnagyobb összegmentes halmaz elemszámát. T. Sós Lovász L.-val megmutatja, hogy ha gráfok egy sorozatában a kis részgráfoknak ugyanaz az eloszlása, mint egy általánosított G véletlen gráfban, akkor ezen gráfoknak aszimptotikusan olyan struktúrája van, mint G-nek. T. Sós társszerzőkkel azt az alapkérdést vizsgálja, mikor van közel egymáshoz két gráf. | The participants obtaind several interesting results in combinatorial number theory and geometry, graph theory, diophantine approximation, we list just a few of these results.. Elekes and Ruzsa give a common generalization of the Freiman, Balog-Szemerédi and Laczkovich-Ruzsa theorems, unifying in this way the subject and improving a lot of earlier results. Elekes with E. Szabó achieved a breakthrough in the general problem of characterizing configurations having a lot of reguarity, improving some earlier results. Szemerédi with A. Khalfalah proves the follwing conjecture of Sárközy, Roth and T. Sós: if we divide the set of integers into finitely many classes, then in one of the classes we can find two numbers such that their sum is a square, and with V. Vu he proves a conjecture of Folkman. Biró improves a result of Ruzsa and Kolountzakis on tilings of the integers, and, he proves generalizations and strengthenings of some results in the subject 'characterizing sequences'. Ruzsa and B. Green determine the size of the largest sumfree set in an arbitrary finite Abelian group. L. Lovász and T. Sós showed that generalized quasirandom sequences (whose subgraph densities match those of a fixed finite weighted graph) have a finite structure. T. Sós with co-authors defines the distance of two graphs that reflects the similarity , the closeness of both local and global properties