Inheritance studies through generation mean analysis for quantitative traits in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.)

Most of the economically important traits in soybean are quantitatively inherited. The generation mean analysis involving a five-parameter model was carried out in four crosses, viz., Pratap Soya- 2 × LP 5-2, Co 3 × LP 5-2, Co 3 × LP 5-1 and Co 3 × LP 13-1 to investigate additive, dominance and epistatic variance. Therefore, F1, F2 and F3 generations of the above four crosses were evaluated along with their respective parents to estimate the gene action for eleven quantitative traits through generation mean analysis, which provides information about all the gene interactions. The crosses Co 3 × LP 5-1 and Co 3 × LP 13-1 for plant height, Pratap Soya-2 × LP 5-2 for protein content and Co 3 × LP 5-2 for both oil content and seed yield per plant exhibited the adequacy of the additive dominance model. The remaining crosses exhibited epistatic interactions with all other traits. Hence simple recurrent selection can be followed to increase the frequency of desirable genes in the population and the resulted improved population can be used to develop superior lines with desirable genes by pedigree breeding. The crosses Co 3 × LP 5-1 and Pratap Soya - 2 × LP 5-2 were best for further selection programmes with regard to seed yield and quality improvement

A proof-theoretic trust and reputation model for VANET

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are an important component of intelligent transportation systems, which are set to become part of global transportation infrastructure in the near future. In the context of such networks, security requirements need to rely on a combination of reputation of communicating agents and trust relations over the messaging framework. This is crucial in order to maintain dynamic and safe behaviour under all circumstances. Formal correctness, resolution of contradictions and proven safety of transitive operations in the presence of reputation and trust within the infrastructure remain mostly unexplored issues. This could lead to potentially disastrous situations, putting lives at risk. In this paper we provide a proof-theoretic interpretation of a reputation and trust model for VANET. This allows for formal verification through translation into the Coq proof assistant, and can guarantee consistency of messaging protocols and security of transitive transmissions

Orderfield property of mixtures of stochastic games

We consider certain mixtures, Γ, of classes of stochastic games and provide sufficient conditions for these mixtures to possess the orderfield property. For 2-player zero-sum and non-zero sum stochastic games, we prove that if we mix a set of states S1 where the transitions are controlled by one player with a set of states S2 constituting a sub-game having the orderfield property (where S1∩S2=∅), the resulting mixture Γ with states S=S1∪S2 has the orderfield property if there are no transitions from S2 to S1. This is true for discounted as well as undiscounted games. This condition on the transitions is sufficient when S1 is perfect information or SC (Switching Control) or ARAT (Additive Reward Additive Transition). In the zero-sum case, S1 can be a mixture of SC and ARAT as well. On the other hand,when S1 is SER-SIT (Separable Reward - State Independent Transition), we provide a counter example to show that this condition is not sufficient for the mixture Γ to possess the orderfield property. In addition to the condition that there are no transitions from S2 to S1, if the sum of all transition probabilities from S1 to S2 is independent of the actions of the players, then Γ has the orderfield property even when S1 is SER-SIT. When S1 and S2 are both SERSIT, their mixture Γ has the orderfield property even if we allow transitions from S2 to S1. We also extend these results to some multi-player games namely, mixtures with one player control Polystochastic games. In all the above cases, we can inductively mix many such games and continue to retain the orderfield property

Orderfield property and algorithms for stochastic games via dependency graphs

This article does not have an abstract

Product Signed Domination in Graphs

Let  be a simple graph. The closed neighborhood of , denoted by , is the set . A function  is a product signed dominating function, if for every vertex where . The weight of , denoted by , is the sum of the function values of all the vertices in . . The product signed domination number of  is the minimum positive weight of a product signed dominating function. In this paper, we establish bounds on the product signed domination number and estimate product signed domination number for some standard graph

A Call to Arms: Revisiting Database Design

Good database design is crucial to obtain a sound, consistent database, and - in turn - good database design methodologies are the best way to achieve the right design. These methodologies are taught to most Computer Science undergraduates, as part of any Introduction to Database class. They can be considered part of the "canon", and indeed, the overall approach to database design has been unchanged for years. Moreover, none of the major database research assessments identify database design as a strategic research direction. Should we conclude that database design is a solved problem? Our thesis is that database design remains a critical unsolved problem. Hence, it should be the subject of more research. Our starting point is the observation that traditional database design is not used in practice - and if it were used it would result in designs that are not well adapted to current environments. In short, database design has failed to keep up with the times. In this paper, we put forth arguments to support our viewpoint, analyze the root causes of this situation and suggest some avenues of research.Comment: Removed spurious column break. Nothing else was change

Subsurface Hydrogeochemical Processes in Lower Bhavani River Basin, Tamil Nadu, India

Bhavani River is one of the important tributaries of Cauvery River, and originates in the Silent Valley range of Kerala State, India. The Lower Bhavani River Basin lies between 11 15' N and 11 45' N latitudes and 77 00' E and 77 40' E longitudes with an area of 2,475 km2. Variation of groundwater quality in an area is a function of physical and chemical parameters that are greatly influenced by geological formations, recharge-discharge mechanisms of groundwater and anthropogenic activities. The correlation of groundwater chemistry with hydrologic and geologic environments gives valuable information to understand the effect of these processes and to properly manage aquifer systems. A detailed study has been carried out to understand the subsurface hydrogeochemical processes that are responsible for the quality variation of groundwater. Residence time of groundwater was also considered to be an important parameter to study groundwater evolution. The NETPATH computer code was used to model the major subsurface processes contributing to the evolution of groundwater chemistry. The occurrence of such chemical processes as silicate weathering, carbonate dissolution, ion exchange and dilution due to rain were verified by performing inverse mass balance modeling using the same code. The net geochemical mass balance reactions between initial and final water were identified and quantified based on the flow in selected well pairs. The model output shows that dilution, ion exchange and illite precipitation are the dominant processes that control the chemistry of the groundwater along the flow paths. Calcite and NaCl dissolution are also involved to a certain extent. Reverse ion exchange process is also observed in two models

N-(3-Fluorophenyl)-9H-xanthen-9-ylideneamine

In the title compound, C19H12FNO, the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the 9H-xanthene moiety and the 3-fluorophenyl group is 82.5 (1)°. An intramolecular C-H interaction stabilizes the molecular conformation

1-[1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]ethanone

The title compound, C19H16FNO, crystallizes with two crystallographically independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. The dihedral angles between the pyrrole ring and fluorophenyl and unsubstituted phenyl rings are 44.9 (1) and 54.5 (2)°, respectively, in the first molecule, and 72.8 (3) and 30.7 (3)° in the second molecule. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular C-H...O and C-H...π interactions

N-[(9E)-2-Chloro-9-thia-9H-xanthen-9-ylidene]-N-(4-fluorophenyl)amine

In the title compound, C19H11ClFNS, the central 4H-thiapyran ring of the 9H-thiaxanthene moiety shows a roof-shaped structure, with a dihedral angle of 34.3 (2)°. The molecules pack in the crystal structure via aromatic π-π interactions