327 research outputs found
Irreducible Multiplets of Three-Quark Operators on the Lattice: Controlling Mixing under Renormalization
High luminosity accelerators have greatly increased the interest in
semi-exclusive and exclusive reactions involving nucleons. The relevant
theoretical information is contained in the nucleon wavefunction and can be
parametrized by moments of the nucleon distribution amplitudes, which in turn
are linked to matrix elements of three-quark operators. These can be calculated
from first principles in lattice QCD. However, on the lattice the problems of
operator mixing under renormalization are rather involved. In a systematic
approach we investigate this issue in depth. Using the spinorial symmetry group
of the hypercubic lattice we derive irreducibly transforming three-quark
operators, which allow us to control the mixing pattern.Comment: 13 page
Non-perturbative improvement of stout-smeared three flavour clover fermions
We discuss a 3-flavour lattice QCD action with clover improvement in which
the fermion matrix has single level stout smearing for the hopping terms
together with unsmeared links for the clover term. With the (tree-level)
Symanzik improved gluon action this constitutes the Stout Link Non-perturbative
Clover or SLiNC action. To cancel O(a) terms the clover term coefficient has to
be tuned. We present here results of a non-perturbative determination of this
coefficient using the Schroedinger functional and as a by-product a
determination of the critical hopping parameter. Comparisons of the results are
made with lowest order perturbation theory.Comment: 30 pages, 13 figures, minor changes, published versio
Development of Photonic Crystal Fiber Based Gas/ Chemical Sensors
The development of highly-sensitive and miniaturized sensors that capable of
real-time analytes detection is highly desirable. Nowadays, toxic or colorless
gas detection, air pollution monitoring, harmful chemical, pressure, strain,
humidity, and temperature sensors based on photonic crystal fiber (PCF) are
increasing rapidly due to its compact structure, fast response and efficient
light controlling capabilities. The propagating light through the PCF can be
controlled by varying the structural parameters and core-cladding materials, as
a result, evanescent field can be enhanced significantly which is the main
component of the PCF based gas/chemical sensors. The aim of this chapter is to
(1) describe the principle operation of PCF based gas/ chemical sensors, (2)
discuss the important PCF properties for optical sensors, (3) extensively
discuss the different types of microstructured optical fiber based gas/
chemical sensors, (4) study the effects of different core-cladding shapes, and
fiber background materials on sensing performance, and (5) highlight the main
challenges of PCF based gas/ chemical sensors and possible solutions
Education and training policies for research integrity: insights from a focus group study
Education is important for fostering research integrity (RI). Although RI training is increasingly provided, there is little knowledge on how research stakeholders view institutional RI education and training policies. Following a constructivist approach, we present insights about research stakeholders’ views and experiences regarding how research institutions can develop and implement RI education and training policies. We conducted thirty focus groups, engaging 147 participants in eight European countries. Using a mixed deductive-inductive thematic analysis, we identified five themes: (1) RI education should be available to all; (2) education and training approaches and goals should be tailored; (3) motivating trainees is essential; (4) both formal and informal educational formats are necessary; and (5) institutions should take into account various individual, institutional, and system-of-science factors when implementing RI education. Our findings suggest that institutions should make RI education attractive for all and tailor training to disciplinary-specific contexts.Horizon 2020(H2020)824481Merit, Expertise and Measuremen
The Values of Tangible User Interfaces: How to discover, assess and evaluate them?
Since the introduction of Tangible User Interfaces, in the beginning of the 90s, a generation grew up interacting with computers. At the same time the context of computing changed dramatically: from a device used almost exclusively by specialists, it evolved to a general device that plays a dominant role in our societies. But where does this leave TUI? In many respects, the idea of tangibility plays a marginal role in Human Computer Interaction. It makes sense to re-evaluate the intrinsic values of TUI design. This paper proposes to research the appropriate metrics to do so
Soft network composite materials with deterministic and bio-inspired designs
Hard and soft structural composites found in biology provide inspiration for the design of advanced synthetic materials. Many examples of bio-inspired hard materials can be found in the literature; far less attention has been devoted to soft systems. Here we introduce deterministic routes to low-modulus thin film materials with stress/strain responses that can be tailored precisely to match the non-linear properties of biological tissues, with application opportunities that range from soft biomedical devices to constructs for tissue engineering. The approach combines a low-modulus matrix with an open, stretchable network as a structural reinforcement that can yield classes of composites with a wide range of desired mechanical responses, including anisotropic, spatially heterogeneous, hierarchical and self-similar designs. Demonstrative application examples in thin, skin-mounted electrophysiological sensors with mechanics precisely matched to the human epidermis and in soft, hydrogel-based vehicles for triggered drug release suggest their broad potential uses in biomedical devices. © 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reservedopen7
LEM-3 is a midbody-tethered DNA nuclease that resolves chromatin bridges during late mitosis
Chromosome segregation and genome maintenance require the removal of DNA bridges that link chromosomes just before cells divide. Here the authors show that the LEM-3/Ankle1 nuclease processes DNA bridges before cells divide and define a previously undescribed genome integrity mechanism
Wearable high-performance pressure sensors based on three-dimensional electrospun conductive nanofibers
Polymer-based pressure sensors play a key role in realizing lightweight and inexpensive wearable devices for healthcare and environmental monitoring systems. Here, conductive core/shell polymer nanofibers composed of poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene) (PVDF-HFP)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) are fabricated using three-dimensional (3D) electrospinning and vapor deposition polymerization methods, and the resulting sponge-like 3D membranes are used to create piezoresistive-type pressure sensors. Interestingly, the PEDOT shell consists of well-dispersed spherical bumps, leading to the formation of a hierarchical conductive surface that enhances the sensitivity to external pressure. The sponge-like 3D mats exhibit a much higher pressure sensitivity than the conventional electrospun 2D mats due to their enhanced porosity and pressure-tunable contact area. Furthermore, large-area, wireless, 16 x 10 multiarray pressure sensors for the spatiotemporal mapping of multiple pressure points and wearable bands for monitoring blood pressure have been fabricated from these 3D mats. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the fabrication of electrospun 3D membranes with nanoscopically engineered fibers that can detect changes in external pressure with high sensitivity. The developed method opens a new route to the mass production of polymer-based pressure sensors with high mechanical durability, which creates additional possibilities for the development of human-machine interfaces.11Ysciescopu
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