1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives. Part 91. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Metal Complexes of 5-(2-Aminoethyl)-2-Amino-1,3,4-Thiadiazole

Metal complexes of the title ligand (L) containing Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, electronic spectroscopy and conductimetry. The new derivatives, possessing the following formulae, CuL2(OH)2, NiL2Cl2, and [Co2LCl4]n showed in vitro antifungal activity against Aspergillus and Candida spp

A Patient with Proopiomelanocortin Deficiency: An Increasingly Important Diagnosis to Make

Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) deficiency is a rare monogenic disorder with early-onset obesity. Investigation of this entity have increased our insight into the important role of the leptin-melanocortin pathway in energy balance. Here, we present a patient with POMC deficiency due to a homozygous c.206delC mutation in the POMC gene. We discuss the pathogenesis of this condition with emphasis on the crosstalk between hypothalamic and peripheral signals in the development of obesity and the POMC-melanocortin 4 receptors system as a target for therapeutic intervention

Functionalized Derivatives of Benzo-Crown Ethers. Part 4. Antifungal Macrocyclic Supramolecular Complexes of Transition Metal Ions Acting as Lanosterol-14-α-Demethylase Ihibitors

Poly- and mononuclear metal complexes of 2,3,11,12-bis[4-(10-aminodecylcarbonyl)]benzo-18- crown-6 (L) and Cu(II); Ni(II); Co(II) and Cr(III) have been synthesized and characterized by standard physico-chemical procedures. In the newly prepared complexes the crown moiety oxygen atoms of the macrocyclic host did not generally interact with metal ions, whereas the two amino groups of the ligand always did. Several of the newly synthesized compounds act as effective antifungal agents against Aspergillus and Candida spp., some of them showing activities comparable to ketoconazole, with minimum inhibitory concentrations in the range of 0.3−0.5 μg/mL. The mechanism of antifungal action of these coordination compounds is probably connected to an inhibition of lanosterol-14-α-demethylase, a metallo-enzyme playing a key role in sterol biosynthesis in fungi, bacteria and eukariotes

On the length of chains of proper subgroups covering a topological group

We prove that if an ultrafilter L is not coherent to a Q-point, then each analytic non-sigma-bounded topological group G admits an increasing chain <G_a : a of its proper subgroups such that: (i) U_{a in b(L)} G_a=G; and $(ii)$ For every sigma-bounded subgroup H of G there exists a such that H is a subset of G_a. In case of the group Sym(w) of all permutations of w with the topology inherited from w^w this improves upon earlier results of S. Thomas

GCK gene mutations are a common cause of childhood-onset MODY (maturity-onset diabetes of the young) in Turkey.

Inactivating heterozygous mutations in the GCK gene are a common cause of MODY and result in mild fasting hyperglycaemia, which does not require treatment. We aimed to identify the frequency, clinical and molecular features of GCK mutations in a Turkish paediatric cohort.This article is freely available via PubMed Central, click on the Additional Link above to access the full-text

Birth weight in different etiologies of disorders of sex development

Context: It is well established that boys are heavier than girls at birth. Although the cause of birth weight (BW) difference is unknown, it has been proposed that it could be generated from prenatal androgen action. Objective: The aim of the current study was to determine the BW of children with disorders of sex development (DSD) of different etiologies and to evaluate the effects of androgen action on BW. Methods: Data regarding diagnosis, BW, gestational age, karyotype, and concomitant conditions were collected from the InternationalDisorders of SexDevelopment (I-DSD) Registry (www.i-dsd).BWstandard deviation score was calculated according to gestational age. Cases were evaluated according to disorder classification in I-DSD (i.e., disorders of gonadal development, androgen excess, androgen synthesis, androgen action, nonspecific disorder of undermasculinization groups, and Leydig cell defect). Results: A total of 533 cases were available; 400 (75%) cases were 46,XY, and 133 (25%) cases were 46,XX. Eighty cases (15%) were born small for gestational age (SGA). Frequency of SGA was higher in the 46,XY group (17.8%) than in the 46,XX (6.7%) group (P = 0.001). Mean BW standard deviation scores of cases with androgen excess and androgen deficiency [in disorders of gonadal development, androgen synthesis, and Leydig cell defect groups and androgen receptor gene (AR)mutation-positive cases in disorders of androgen action groups]were similar to normal childrenwith the same karyotype. SGA birth frequency was higher in the AR mutation-negative cases in disorders of androgen action group and in the nonspecific disorders of the undermasculinization group. Conclusions: BWdimorphism is unlikely to be explained by fetal androgen action per se. 46,XY DSDs due to nonspecific disorders of undermasculinizationare more frequently associatedwithfetal growth restriction, SGA, and concomitant conditions

Controlled growth of the self-modulation of a relativistic proton bunch in plasma

A long, narrow, relativistic charged particle bunch propagating in plasma is subject to the self-modulation (SM) instability. We show that SM of a proton bunch can be seeded by the wakefields driven by a preceding electron bunch. SM timing reproducibility and control are at the level of a small fraction of the modulation period. With this seeding method, we independently control the amplitude of the seed wakefields with the charge of the electron bunch and the growth rate of SM with the charge of the proton bunch. Seeding leads to larger growth of the wakefields than in the instability case.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio