High-P metamorphism of rodingites during serpentinite dehydration (Cerro del Almirez, Southern Spain): Implications for the redox state in subduction zones

The transition between antigorite-serpentinite and chlorite-harzburgite at Cerro del Almirez (Betic Cordillera, Southern Spain) exceptionally marks in the field the front of antigorite breakdown at high pressure (~16–19 kbar) and temperature (~650°C) in a paleosubducted serpentinite. These ultramafic lithologies enclose three types of metarodingite boudins of variable size surrounded by metasomatic reaction rims. Type 1 Grandite-metarodingite (garnet+chlorite+diopside+titanite±magnetite±ilmenite) mainly crops out in the antigorite-serpentinite domain and has three generations of garnet. Grossular-rich Grt-1 formed during rodingitization at the seafloor (10 kbar, ~350–650°C, ~FMQ buffer) to influx events of oxidizing fluids (fO ~HM buffer) released by brucite breakdown in the host antigorite-serpentinite. Type 2 Epidote-metarodingite (epidote+diopside+titanite±garnet) derives from Type 1 and is the most abundant metarodingite type enclosed in dehydrated chlorite-harzburgite. Type 2 formed by increasing μSiO (from −884 to −860 kJ/mol) and decreasing μCaO (from −708 to −725 kJ/mol) triggered by the flux of high amounts of oxidizing fluids during the high-P antigorite breakdown in serpentinite. The growth of Grt-4, with low-grandite and high-pyralspite components, in Type 2 metarodingite accounts for progressive reequilibration of garnet with changing intensive variables. Type 3 Pyralspite-metarodingite (garnet+epidote+amphibole+chlorite±diopside+rutile) crops out in the chlorite-harzburgite domain and formed at peak metamorphic conditions (16–19 kbar, 660–684°C) from Type 2 metarodingite. This transformation caused the growth of a last generation of pyralspite-rich garnet (Grt-5) and the recrystallization of diopside into tremolitic amphibole at decreasing fO and μCaO (from −726 to −735 kJ/mol) and increasing μMgO (from −630 to −626 kJ/mol) due to chemical mixing between the metarodingite and the reaction rims. The different bulk Fe/Fe ratios of antigorite-serpentinite and chlorite-harzburgite, and of the three metarodingite types, reflect the highly heterogeneous oxidation state of the subducting slab and likely point to the transfer of localized oxidized reservoirs, such as metarodingites, into the deep mantle.“Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad” (MINECO), Grant/Award Number: CGL2012-32067, CGL201675224-R; Junta de Andalucía, Grant/ Award Number: RNM-145, P12-RNM3141; Ramón y Cajal, Grant/Award Number: RYC-2012-11314; MINECO, Grant/Award Number: CGL2016-81085-R, PCIN-2015-05

European sea bass brain DLB-1 cell line is susceptible to nodavirus: A transcriptomic study

Viral diseases are responsible for high rates of mortality and subsequent economic losses in modern aquaculture. The nervous necrosis virus (NNV) produces viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), which affects the fish central nervous system. It is considered one of the most serious viral diseases in marine aquaculture, the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) being amongst the most susceptible. We have evaluated the European sea bass brain derived cell line (DLB-1) susceptibility to NNV genotypes and evaluated its transcriptomic profile. DLB-1 cells supported NNV gene transcription and replication since strains belonging to the four NNV genotypes produce cytopathic effects. Afterwards, DLB-1 cells were infected with an RGNNV strain, the one which showed the highest replication, for 12 and 72 h and an RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify potential genes involved in the host-NNV interactions. Differential expression analysis showed the up-regulation of many genes related to immunity, heat-shock proteins or apoptosis but not to proteasome or autophagy processes. These data suggest that the immune response, mainly the interferon (IFN) pathway, is not powerful enough to abrogate the infection, and cells finally suffer stress and die by apoptosis liberating infective particles. GO enrichment also revealed, for the first time, the down-regulation of terms related to brain/neuron biology indicating molecular mechanisms causing the pathogenic effect of NNV. This study opens the way to understand key elements in sea bass brain and NNV interactions.Versión del edito

Protocol d'actuació per al control de malalties parasitàries en immigrants

Malalties parasitàries; Immigrants; Procediments d'actuacióParasitic diseases; ProceduresEnfermedades parasitarias; Inmigrantes; Procedimientos de actuaciónAquest protocol d’actuació per al control de les malalties parasitàries en immigrants pretén facilitar als professionals sanitaris que treballen en l’atenció primària de salut uns criteris bàsics que els permetin descartar, o diagnosticar i tractar, algunes malalties que són més freqüents en els immigrants de determinades àrees que en la població autòctona de Catalunya

Validation of an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry Method for the Determination of Major Elements in Farmed Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

An inductively coupled plasma−optical emission spectrometry method was optimized and validated for the determination of major elements (Ca, K, Mg, Na and P) in cultivated freshwater fish (rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss). The method was validated by analysis of a Certified Reference Material, consisting in a frozen tissue homogenate from lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush namaycush). The linearity of this method was very good, as evidenced by the coefficients of correlation (r) for calibration graphs that were higher than 0.9999 in all cases and by linearity test (response factor <5% and relative calibration graph slope <2%). Accuracy, expressed as relative recovery (%) in comparison with certified concentration ranged from 100 to 109%, and precision, expressed as residual standard deviation (%) ranged from 1.2 to 6.5% (repeatability) and from 1.0 to 9.6% (reproducibility). The limit of quantification ranged from 4 ng/mL (Ca and Mg) to 203 ng/mL (P). The optimized method was applied to major element determination in skin and muscle samples from rainbow trout fillets

Protocol d'actuació per al control de malalties parasitàries en immigrants

Immigrants; Parasitosis; EosinofíliaInmigrantes; Parasitosis; EosinofiliaImmigrants; Parasitic; EosinophiliaProtocol d’actuació per al control de les malalties parasitàries en immigrants dirigida als professionals sanitaris que treballen en l’atenció primària de salut que ofereix uns criteris bàsics que els permetin descartar, o diagnosticar i tractar, algunes malalties que són més freqüents en els immigrants de determinades àrees que en la població autòctona de Catalunya. Es presenta, en primer lloc, un protocol comú de cribratge per aplicar a les persones asimptomàtiques però que poden estar parasitades, independentment de la zona de procedència. A continuació es detallen els cribratges específics que s’han de fer segons la zona de procedencia i seguidament es presenten les possibles etiologies en què cal pensar davant de pacients que presenten eosinofília acompanyada de dolor abdominal o diarrea; alteracions dèrmiques o de parts toves; infiltrat pulmonar. També es descriuen les proves que han de realitzar-se per poder diagnosticar aquestes malalties. Es presenten les principals parasitosis que cursen sense eosinofília segons el seu quadre clínic i la distribució geogràfica. Trobem també un resum dels tractaments d’elecció per a les malalties parasitàries que es presenten en aquest protocol d’actuació. Finalment, es presenten l’epidemiologia, el quadre clínic, el diagnòstic i el tractament de dues malalties (malària i leishmaniosi) que, per la seva freqüència i gravetat, mereixen un abordatge diferenciat.Protocolo de actuación para el control de las enfermedades parasitarias en inmigrantes dirigida a los profesionales sanitarios que trabajan en la atención primaria de salud que ofrece unos criterios básicos que los permitan descartar, o diagnosticar i tratar, algunas enfermedades que son más frecuentes en los inmigrantes de determinadas áreas que en la población autóctona de Cataluña. Se presenta, en primer lugar, un protocolo común de cribado para aplicar a las personas asintomáticas pero que pueden estar parasitadas, independientemente de la zona de procedencia. A continuación se detallan los cribados específicos que tienen que hacerse según la zona de procedencia y seguidamente se presentan las posibles etilogias en las que es necesario pensar ante pacientes que presenten eosinofilia acompañada de dolor abdominal o diarrea; alteraciones dermicas o de partes blandas; infiltrado pulmonar. También se describen las pruebas que tienen que realizarse para poder diagnosticar estas enfermedades. Se presentan las principales parasitosis que cursan sin eosinofilia según su cuadro clínico y la distribución geográfica. Encontramos también un resumen de los tratamientos de elección para las enfermedades parasitarias que se presentan en este protocolo de actuación. Finalmente, se presentan la epidemiología, el cuadro clínico, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de dos enfermedades (malaria y leishmanosis) que, para su frecuencia y gravedad, merecen un abordaje diferenciado

Probing New Physics Models of Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with SuperNEMO

The possibility to probe new physics scenarios of light Majorana neutrino exchange and right-handed currents at the planned next generation neutrinoless double beta decay experiment SuperNEMO is discussed. Its ability to study different isotopes and track the outgoing electrons provides the means to discriminate different underlying mechanisms for the neutrinoless double beta decay by measuring the decay half-life and the electron angular and energy distributions.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, to be published in E.P.J.