Evaluation of the frequency of left renal vein variations in computed tomography and its relationship with cancer development

Background: Left renal vein (LRV) variations occur in 0.8–10.2% of the population. The most common LRV variations are retroaortic left renal vein (RLRV) and circumaortic left renal vein (CLRV). The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of LRV variations in a large series on computed tomography (CT) and to investigate the association between LRV and malignancy development.Materials and methods: Between January 2015 and January 2017, an abdominal CT examination of 12,341 (5505 female, 6836 male) patients was evaluated retrospectively in this study. Patients’ clinical and demographic data were recorded using the Hospital Information System.Results: Left renal vein variations were detected in 314 (2.54%) of the 12,341 patients within the study. Of the 314 cases found to have LRV variations, 227 (1.84%) had RLRV, and 87 (0.70%) had CLRV. There was no statistical difference in total LRV variations (p = 0.083) and CLRV variation (p = 0.96) groups in terms of gender. However, the RLRV variation was found to be 1.32 times higher in males than in females (p = 0.039). Of the 314 patients with LRV variations, 73 (23.2%) had any sort of concomitant malignancy.Conclusions: A high incidence of malignancy was detected in patients with LRV variations. Of the LRV variations, RLRV variation is more common than CLRV variation. The presence of total LRV variations and CLRV variations is not associated with gender; whereas the presence of RLRV variation is more common in males

The Mediterranean Red Alga Asparagopsis: A Source of Compounds against Leishmania

Crude extracts and column fractions from the red algae Asparagopsis taxiformis and A. armata from the Strait of Messina (Italy) were screened for the production of antimicrobial compounds. Extracts from both species revealed remarkable antiprotozoal activity against Leishmania, revealing such algae as a great source of natural antiprotozoal products

Wide-Geographic and Long-Term Analysis of the Role of Pathogens in the Decline of Pinna nobilis to Critically Endangered Species

A mass mortality event (MME) affecting the fan mussel Pinna nobilis was first detected in Spain in autumn 2016 and spread north- and eastward through the Mediterranean Sea. Various pathogens have been blamed for contributing to the MME, with emphasis in Haplosporidium pinnae, Mycobacterium sp. and Vibrio spp. In this study, samples from 762 fan mussels (necropsies from 263 individuals, mantle biopsies from 499) of various health conditions, with wide geographic and age range, taken before and during the MME spread from various environments along Mediterranean Sea, were used to assess the role of pathogens in the MME. The number of samples processed by both histological and molecular methods was 83. The most important factor playing a main role on the onset of the mass mortality of P. nobilis throughout the Mediterranean Sea was the infection by H. pinnae. It was the only non-detected pathogen before the MME while, during MME spreading, its prevalence was higher in sick and dead individuals than in asymptomatic ones, in MME-affected areas than in non-affected sites, and it was not associated with host size, infecting both juveniles and adults. Conversely, infection with mycobacteria was independent from the period (before or during MME), from the affection of the area by MME and from the host health condition, and it was associated with host size. Gram (-) bacteria neither appeared associated with MME.En prens

Wide-Geographic and Long-Term Analysis of the Role of Pathogens in the Decline of Pinna nobilis to Critically Endangered Species

20 Pág.A mass mortality event (MME) affecting the fan mussel Pinna nobilis was first detected in Spain in autumn 2016 and spread north- and eastward through the Mediterranean Sea. Various pathogens have been blamed for contributing to the MME, with emphasis in Haplosporidium pinnae, Mycobacterium sp. and Vibrio spp. In this study, samples from 762 fan mussels (necropsies from 263 individuals, mantle biopsies from 499) of various health conditions, with wide geographic and age range, taken before and during the MME spread from various environments along Mediterranean Sea, were used to assess the role of pathogens in the MME. The number of samples processed by both histological and molecular methods was 83. The most important factor playing a main role on the onset of the mass mortality of P. nobilis throughout the Mediterranean Sea was the infection by H. pinnae. It was the only non-detected pathogen before the MME while, during MME spreading, its prevalence was higher in sick and dead individuals than in asymptomatic ones, in MME-affected areas than in non-affected sites, and it was not associated with host size, infecting both juveniles and adults. Conversely, infection with mycobacteria was independent from the period (before or during MME), from the affection of the area by MME and from the host health condition, and it was associated with host size. Gram (-) bacteria neither appeared associated with MME.This work was funded by: DG Pesca i Medi Mari (GOIB),EsMarEs (order IEO by MITECO, Spanish government), Life UFE IP-PAF INTEMARES (LIFE15 IPE ES 012) “Gestión integrada, innovadora y participativa de la Red Natura 2000 en el medio marino español,” the research project “Estado de conservación del bivalvo amenazado Pinna nobilis en el PNAC” (OAPN 024/2010), the project RECONNECT (MIS 5017160) of the Programme Interreg V-B “Balkan-Mediterranean 2014–2020.” MTES (French Government), DREAL (Direction Régionale Environnement Aménagement Logement) and Région Occitanie (France) for funding research and monitoring of Pinna.GC and PP were contracted under the INIA-CCAA cooperative research programme for postdoctoral incorporation from the Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA) (DOC INIA 8/2013 and 15/2015). MV-L was supported by a Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación postdoctoral contract (ICJI-2016-29329, MICIU Programme). ML-S and EÁ were supported by a Personal Técnico de Apoyo contract MINECO programme (PTA2015-11709-I and PTA2015-10829- I, respectively). CP and GS were supported by the project RECONNECT (MIS 5017160) financed by the Transnational Cooperation Programme Interreg V-B “Balkan-Mediterranean 2014–2020” and co-funded by the European Union and national funds of the participating countries. CP was supported by Sorbonne University.Peer reviewe

Molecular (Based) Identification of stocked some microfungi as pure culture according to ITS, ß-tubulin and Actin Genes

Bu çalışmada, laboratuvar ortamında stok olarak saf kültür halinde saklanan bununla beraber; cins veya tür düzeyinde morfolojik olarak teşhis edilemeyen bazı mikrofunguslar moleküler olarak tanımlanmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan mikrofunguslar daha önce tür düzeyinde morfolojik-koloniyal olarak tanımlanamamış izolatlardan oluşmuştur. Örnekler, MEA besiyerinde inoküle edilip 25 ºC’de 7 gün inkübe edilmiştir. Besiyerinden alınan numuneler analiz yapılana kadar -20ºC’de saklanmıştır. DNA izolasyonu için funguslara özel, kimyasal (SDS ve CTAB), biyokimyasal (proteinazK vb.) ve fiziksel (0.1 mm çaplı boncuklar) parçalama yöntemlerini bir arada kullanan DNA izolasyon kitleri kullanılmıştır. Çeşitlilik çalışmaları, PCR tabanlı fungal çeşitlilik çalışma kitleri ile yapılmıştır. Tüm izolatlar için ITS gen dizisine bakılmış, cinse bağlı olarak ß-tubulin ve Actin gen dizilimlerini hedeflenmiştir. PCR ile çoğaltılan DNA dizilimleri “Sanger Sequencing Yöntemi” ile dizilenmiştir. Elde edilen dizilerin hangi organizmalara ait olduğu NCBI ve EBI gibi uluslararası nükleik asit data bankalarında mevcut dizilimlerle, elde edilen filotiplerin dizilimleri karşılaştırılarak belirlenmiştir. Toplam 61 mikrofungus örneği, cins düzeyinde 3 gruba (A,B,C) ayrılmış olup, gruplara göre ilgili gen bölgeleri moleküler teşhis için analiz edilmiştir. 3 grup için hem ilgili gen bölgeleri hem de ITS bölgeleri baz alınarak yapılan moleküler analizler sonucunda, 6 örneğin tür teşhisi yapılamamış, 56 tür moleküler düzeyde teşhis edilmiştir.abstractSome microfungi deposited in laboratuary as pure culture and unidentified morphologically as genus or species level and these fungi are identified by molecular methods in study. The used microfungi are comprised unidentifed species and can not be identify as colonially and morphologically previously. We used ITS gene for all isolates, also according to the genus we used ß-tubulin and actin genes targeting PCR based fungal biodiversity working kits. DNA sequences were sequenced by Sanger Method, and obtained sequences were analysed as bioinformatics and completed filogenetically analysis. Then samples inoculated to MEA at 25 °C for 7 days. All samples obtained from MEA media are preserved at -20 °C until analysis. For DNA isolation were used the spesific kits, using together digestion method such as chemical (SDS and CTAB), biochemical (proteinaseK etc.) and physical (beat with 0.1 mm diameter) were used for DNA isolation. DNA’s maintained in silica colones. In the last stage of isolation, nucleic acides were dissolved in the water DNase/Pyrogen free. After that, sequence series analysised on spectrophotometer and so determined, purity of DNA. Studies of diversity is made with PCR based fungal biodiversity working kits. After the PCR application, DNA series sequenced using by “Sanger-Sequencing Protocol”. Sequence series found that belong to which organisms on NCBI and EBI. After that, philotypes were compared with similar organisms. A total of 61 Microfungi samples , the genus level 3 groups (A, B, C) is divided , according to group related gene regions were analyzed for molecular diagnostics. Both gene regions related to 3 groups based on the results of molecular analyzes of ITS, 6 species diagnosis has not been made , for example , 56 species have been identified at the molecular level

Kuzey Ege Denizinde bulunan Cystoseira türlerinin moleküler özelliklerinin karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi

Bu tezde, özellikle Akdeniz’de yayılış gösteren Cystoseira cinsinin Kuzey ege denizinde bulunan türleri arasındaki moleküler akrabalıklar ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) bölgesi PCR (Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu) ile çoğaltılarak araştırılmıştır. Örnekler, İzmir, Balıkesir ve Çanakkale il sınırları kıyı kesimlerinden üst infralittoral bölgeden toplandıktan sonra morfolojik özellikleri baz alınarak tayinleri yapılmıştır. Örneklerden DNA izolasyonu, CTAB (Cetiltrimetilamonyum bromid) metodu kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. İzole edilen DNA’lardan ITS bölgesi PCR yöntemi çoğaltılmıştır. PCR ürünleri dizi analizine gönderilerek baz dizilimi belirlenmiştir. Filogenetik programlar kullanılarak türler arasındaki ilişki belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Cystoseira türlerinin morfolojik tayinlerinin doğru yapılıp yapılmadığı ve ITS bölgelerinin baz dizileri belirlenmiştir

The use of water for electricity generation in Turkey

Hydropower mobilizes local resources, is carbon-free, and provides cheap and clean electricity with an impact on the environment that is considerably lower than that of fossil fuels. For many years, water was considered an economic commodity from which to benefit materially, and the utilization of water potential for the generation of electricity was viewed as a step toward development, and hence, the modernization of Turkey. This turned the construction of large dams into one of the focal points of the political agenda and a target of the economic development plans, being considered a remedy to the increasing demand for electricity resulting from rapid industrialization and urbanization. However, Turkey is not a water-rich country. Once considered an abundant natural resource, the per capita freshwater stocks continue to decline due to climate change, while the use of water has increased over the years. To achieve its ultimate desire to become an economically and socially modern country, Turkey adopted several development models and founded a number of state entities that were set the task of exploiting the nation’s energy resources, including its hydropower potential, in the earliest days of the Republic. Later in the liberal period of the 2000s, new regulations accelerated the construction of hydropower plants (HPP) by private entrepreneurs, although not without stirring up tensions between the local people and environmentalists on one side and entrepreneurs and official bodies on the other.Kapadokya Üniversites

Can MRI related patient anxiety be prevented?

Purpose: To evaluate the effectivity of a combined intervention of information and communication to reduce magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) anxiety using prolactin and cortisol as biochemical markers and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Materials and methods: This study is a randomized prospective research. Sample size was 33 patients. Fourteen patients were enrolled as study group, compared to 19 patients as control group. Blood samples were collected by venous sampling, and STAI was filled before and after scan. State anxiety inventory was used twice. Study group received a standard information about MRI scans and were communicated with 2 minute intervals via intercom; control group had no intervention. Blood samples were carried in ice to be centrifuged and stored as soon as they were taken to study prolactin and cortisol. Data were stored and analyzed by SPSS 17.0. P value for significance was accepted as 0.05. Results: Prolactin-pre, prolactin-post, cortisol-pre, cortisol-post, cortisol percent increase, Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI), SAL (State Anxiety Inventory) pre-scan and post-scan levels were similar between demographic groups. Cortisol-pre levels were similar between study and control, however prolactin-pre levels were significantly higher in control group. Study group had 6% lower cortisol level post-scan, whereas control group had 18% increase. Study and control groups had similar Trait Anxiety and SAI-pre scores. SAI-post scores were lower in study group when compared with control group. Study group also had lower SAI-post scores than SAI-pre, whereas control group had higher. Conclusion: MRI anxiety can be reduced by information and communication. This combined method is shown to be effective and should be used during daily radiology routine. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved