Ukryte w okładce. O odnalezionym dokumencie Innocentego VII z 1404 roku i opactwie cysterskim w Pomuku

A rare document from 1404 issued by Pope Innocent VII was found in the manuscript collection of Poznań University Library in 2008. The document, written on parchment, is addressed to Archbishop of Prague and refers to some ecclesiastical privileges for the Cistercian abbey at Nepomuk in Bohemia. Strictly speaking this is the oldest document that is currently held in the collections of the library. The state of its preservation shows that the document has been reused by an unknown bindery as a wrapping for the wooden binding of a codex, possibly of Cistercian provenance. The manuscript of the type littera exsecutoria (i.e. one that includes a papal instruction – mandatum) has a particular source value as one of the few preserved documents from the archives of the monastery at Nepomuk that was almost entirely destroyed and then dispersed at the time of the Hussite wars in Bohemia. The present article is supplemented with a Latin edition of the document.W zbiorach rękopisów średniowiecznych Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Poznaniu zidentyfikowano w 2008 roku pergaminowy dokument papieża Innocentego VII z 1404 roku, adresowany do arcybiskupa Pragi i odnoszący się do przywilejów kościelnych opactwa cystersów w Pomuku (Nepomuku) w Czechach. To obecnie najstarszy dokument (sensu stricto) w zbiorach Biblioteki. Stan jego zacho wania wskazuje, że został wykorzystany wtórnie przez nieznaną introligatornię jako obleczenie drewnianej okładki kodeksu, być może również cysterskiego. List Innocentego VII typu littera exsecutoria (tj. zawierający papieskie polecenie – mandatum) ma szczególną wartość źródłową jako jeden z nielicznych ocalałych dokumentów z archiwum klasztoru w Pomuku, zniszczonego i rozproszonego w okresie wojen husyckich w Czechach. Artykuł zawiera edycję łacińską omawianego dokumentu

Rękopisy

Informator o zasobie rękopiśmiennym Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Poznaniu. Zawiera krótki opis historii zbiorów, najcenniejszych obiektów i poszczególnych kolekcji oraz bibliografię

Effect of exogenously added rhamnolipids on citric acid production yield

The influence of a biosurfactant (rhamnolipids) on the effectiveness of citric acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica from sunflower oil was studied. The surfactant-mediated solubilization of the hydrophobic substrate was assessed by particle size distribution characteristics with and without the presence of sunflower oil hydrolization products. The presence of rhamnolipids contributed to a decrease of the oil droplet size, most notably for samples containing sunflower oil and its hydrolization products. The citric acid yield for cultures not supplemented with rhamnolipids was at 82.9 g/l, with a 1:0.04 citric acid to isocitric acid ratio (CA:ICA). The addition of rhamnolipids at 1 g/l resulted in a 5% increased citric acid yield (87.1 g/l), however a decrease (79.0 g/l) was observed for samples containing 5 g/l of rhamnolipids. The rhamnolipids-induced emulsification of sunflower oil did not seem to influence the citric acid production efficiency. Additional research revealed that the biosurfactant was degraded by yeast cells during the bioconversion process. The possible explanations of this phenomenon include the utilization of rhamnolipids as an alternative carbon source or microbial destabilization of micelles formed by this biosurfactant due to potential bioavailability issues.Keywords: Yarrowia lipolytica, citric acid, rhamnolipids, sunflower oilAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(21), pp. 3313-332