The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Argument and the Bell Inequalities

In 1935 Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen (EPR) published an important paper in which they claimed that the whole formalism of quantum mechanics together with what they called ``Reality Criterion'' imply that quantum mechanics cannot be complete. That is, there must exist some elements of reality that are not described by quantum mechanics. There must be, they concluded, a more complete description of physical reality behind quantum mechanics. There must be a state, a hidden variable, characterizing the state of affairs in the world in more details than the quantum mechanical state, something that also reflects the missing elements of reality. Under some further but quite plausible assumptions, this conclusion implies that in some spin-correlation experiments the measured quantum mechanical probabilities should satisfy particular inequalities (Bell-type inequalities). The paradox consists in the fact that quantum probabilities do not satisfy these inequalities. And this paradoxical fact has been confirmed by several laboratory experiments in the last three decades. The problem is still open and hotly debated among both physicists and philosophers. It has motivated a wide range of research from the most fundamental quantum mechanical experiments through foundations of probability theory to the theory of stochastic causality as well as the metaphysics of free will

Variable stars with the Kepler space telescope

The Kepler space telescope has revolutionised our knowledge about exoplanets and stars and is continuing to do so in the K2 mission. The exquisite photometric precision, together with the long, uninterrupted observations opened up a new way to investigate the structure and evolution of stars. Asteroseismology, the study of stellar oscillations, allowed us to investigate solar-like stars and to peer into the insides of red giants and massive stars. But many discoveries have been made about classical variable stars too, ranging from pulsators like Cepheids and RR Lyraes to eclipsing binary stars and cataclysmic variables, and even supernovae. In this review, which is far from an exhaustive summary of all results obtained with Kepler, we collected some of the most interesting discoveries, and ponder on the role for amateur observers in this golden era of stellar astrophysics.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, published in the Journal of the AAVSO: https://www.aavso.org/apps/jaavso/article/3235/, v2: fixed a bad a reference. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1108.3083 by other author

Véges rugalmas-képlékeny alakváltozás elméleti és numerikus vizsgálata = Theoretical and numerical investigation of finite elasto-plastic deformation

Az OTKA kutatási téma keretében az alábbi kutatási eredmények születtek: -A mikropoláris testek rugalmas-képlékeny alakváltozásának számítására végelemes eljárás dolgoztunk ki háromdimenziós testek és és kis alakváltozások esetén. -A Mises-féle képlékenységi feltételt kiterjesztettük a mikropoláris anyagokra, a rugalmas torzítási energia alapján. -A kétdimenziós rugalmasságtani feladatok és a peridynamikus modell számítására meshless eljáráson alapuló program kidolgására került sor. -A Prandtl-Reuss modell anyagegyenleteinek integrálására egzakt eljárásokat dolgoztunk ki lineárisan keményedő modellek esetén. -Egykristályok véges rugalmas-képlékeny alakváltozára javasolt modellekben a rugalmas alakváltozás leírására vonatkozó anyagegyenleteket elemeztük különböző csúszási rendszerek esetén | The research work within in the present OTKA can be summarized as follows: -A 3D finite elment program was developed for micropolar elastoplasticity at small deformations. -The classical Mises yield function has been extended to micropolar solids based on elastic distorsional energy. -The nonlocal peridynamic material model was analysed by the meshless method. and a two dimesional computer code was developed -A new exact integration method for Prandtl-Reuss model with linear isotropic-kinematic hardening has been presented. -The constitutive relations of single crystal elastoplasticity was investigated, and its elastic model was analysed by different test examples (one and two slips system