11 research outputs found
The star formation rates of QSOs
We examine the far-IR properties of a sample of 5391 optically selected QSOs in the
0.5 44.7, using SPIRE data
from Herschel-ATLAS. We split the sample in a grid of 74 luminosity-redshift bins and
compute the average opticalāinfrared spectral energy distribution (SED) in each bin.
By normalising an intrinsic AGN template to the AGN optical power (at 5100ĖA) we
decompose the total infrared emission (LIR; 8ā1000Āµm) into an AGN (LIR,AGN) and
star-forming component (LIR,SF). We find that the AGN contribution to LIR increases
as a function of AGN power which manifests as a reduction of the āfar-IR bumpā in
the average QSO SEDs. We note that LIR,SF does not correlate with AGN power; the
mean star formation rates (SFRs) of AGN host galaxies are a function of redshift only
and they range from ā¼6 Mā/yr at z ā¼ 0 to a plateau of . 200 Mā/yr at z ā¼ 2.6
Constraining stellar population parameters from narrow band photometric surveys using convolutional neural networks
Upcoming large-area narrow band photometric surveys, such as J-PAS, will
enable us to observe a large number of galaxies simultaneously and efficiently.
However, it will be challenging to analyse the spatially-resolved stellar
populations of galaxies from such big data to investigate galaxy formation and
evolutionary history. We have applied a convolutional neural network (CNN)
technique, which is known to be computationally inexpensive once it is trained,
to retrieve the metallicity and age from J-PAS-like narrow band images. The CNN
was trained using mock J-PAS data created from the CALIFA IFU survey and the
age and metallicity at each data point, which are derived using full spectral
fitting to the CALIFA spectra. We demonstrate that our CNN model can
consistently recover age and metallicity from each J-PAS-like spectral energy
distribution. The radial gradients of the age and metallicity for galaxies are
also recovered accurately, irrespective of their morphology. However, it is
demonstrated that the diversity of the dataset used to train the neural
networks has a dramatic effect on the recovery of galactic stellar population
parameters. Hence, future applications of CNNs to constrain stellar populations
will rely on the availability of quality spectroscopic data from samples
covering a wide range of population parameters.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables. Accepted by MNRA
A Population of Dust-rich Quasars at z ~ 1.5
We report Herschel SPIRE (250, 350, and 500 Ī¼m) detections of 32 quasars with redshifts 0.5 ā¤z < 3.6 from the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey (HerMES). These sources are from a MIPS 24 Ī¼m flux-limited sample of 326 quasars in the Lockman Hole Field. The extensive multi-wavelength data available in the field permit construction of the rest-frame spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from ultraviolet to the mid-infrared for all sources, and to the far-infrared (FIR) for the 32 objects. Most quasars with Herschel FIR detections show dust temperatures in the range of 25-60 K, with a mean of 34 K. The FIR luminosities range from 10^(11.3) to 10^(13.5) L_ā, qualifying most of their hosts as ultra- or hyper-luminous infrared galaxies. These FIR-detected quasars may represent a dust-rich population, but with lower redshifts and fainter luminosities than quasars observed at ~1 mm. However, their FIR properties cannot be predicted from shorter wavelengths (0.3-20 Ī¼m, rest frame), and the bolometric luminosities derived using the 5100 Ć
index may be underestimated for these FIR-detected quasars. Regardless of redshift, we observed a decline in the relative strength of FIR luminosities for quasars with higher near-infrared luminosities
The complex physics of dusty star-forming galaxies at high redshifts as revealed by Herschel and Spitzer
We combine far-infrared photometry from Herschel (PEP/HerMES) with deep mid-infrared spectroscopy from
Spitzer to investigate the nature and the mass assembly history of a sample of 31 luminous and ultraluminous
infrared galaxies ((U)LIRGs) at z ā¼ 1 and 2 selected in GOODS-S with 24Ī¼m fluxes between 0.2 and 0.5 mJy.We
model the data with a self-consistent physical model (GRASIL) which includes a state-of-the-art treatment of dust
extinction and reprocessing. We find that all of our galaxies appear to require massive populations of old (>1 Gyr)
stars and, at the same time, to host a moderate ongoing activity of star formation (SFR 100M yrā1). The bulk of
the stars appear to have been formed a few Gyr before the observation in essentially all cases. Only five galaxies of
the sample require a recent starburst superimposed on a quiescent star formation history.We also find discrepancies
between our results and those based on optical-only spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting for the same objects;
by fitting their observed SEDs with our physical model we find higher extinctions (by ĪAV ā¼ 0.81 and 1.14)
and higher stellar masses (by Īlog(M ) ā¼ 0.16 and 0.36 dex) for z ā¼ 1 and z ā¼ 2 (U)LIRGs, respectively. The
stellar mass difference is larger for the most dust-obscured objects. We also find lower SFRs than those computed
from LIR using the Kennicutt relation due to the significant contribution to the dust heating by intermediate-age
stellar populations through ācirrusā emission (ā¼73% and ā¼66% of the total LIR for z ā¼ 1 and z ā¼ 2 (U)LIRGs,
respectively).Department of HE and Training approved lis
Star formation rates in luminous quasars at 2 <z< 3
We investigate the relation between star formation rates (M Ė s MĖs ) and AGN properties in optically selected type 1 quasars at 2 < z < 3 using data from Herschel and the SDSS. We find that M Ė s MĖs remains approximately constant with redshift, at 300 Ā± 100āMāāyrā1. Conversely, M Ė s MĖs increases with AGN luminosity, up to a maximum of ā¼ 600āMāāyrā1, and with CāIV FWHM. In context with previous results, this is consistent with a relation between M Ė s MĖs and black hole accretion rate (M Ė bh MĖbh ) existing in only parts of the zāM Ė s āM Ė bh zāMĖsāMĖbh plane, dependent on the free gas fraction, the trigger for activity, and the processes that may quench star formation. The relations between M Ė s MĖs and both AGN luminosity and CāIV FWHM are consistent with star formation rates in quasars scaling with black hole mass, though we cannot rule out a separate relation with black hole accretion rate. Star formation rates are observed to decline with increasing CāIV equivalent width. This decline can be partially explained via the Baldwin effect, but may have an additional contribution from one or more of three factors; Mi is not a linear tracer of L2500, the Baldwin effect changes form at high AGN luminosities, and high CāIV EW values signpost a change in the relation between M Ė s MĖs and M Ė bh MĖbh . Finally, there is no strong relation between M Ė s MĖs and Eddington ratio, or the asymmetry of the CāIV line. The former suggests that star formation rates do not scale with how efficiently the black hole is accreting, while the latter is consistent with CāIV asymmetries arising from orientation effects
The properties of obscured galaxies at z<~1
EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Bone Marrow Immune Microenvironment in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
The BM, the major hematopoietic organ in humans, consists of a pleiomorphic environment of cellular, extracellular, and bioactive compounds with continuous and complex interactions between them, leading to the formation of mature blood cells found in the peripheral circulation. Systemic and local inflammation in the BM elicit stress hematopoiesis and drive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) out of their quiescent state, as part of a protective pathophysiologic process. However, sustained chronic inflammation impairs HSC function, favors mutagenesis, and predisposes the development of hematologic malignancies, such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Apart from intrinsic cellular mechanisms, various extrinsic factors of the BM immune microenvironment (IME) emerge as potential determinants of disease initiation and evolution. In MDS, the IME is reprogrammed, initially to prevent the development, but ultimately to support and provide a survival advantage to the dysplastic clone. Specific cellular elements, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are recruited to support and enhance clonal expansion. The immune-mediated inhibition of normal hematopoiesis contributes to peripheral cytopenias of MDS patients, while immunosuppression in late-stage MDS enables immune evasion and disease progression towards acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this review, we aim to elucidate the role of the mediators of immune response in the initial pathogenesis of MDS and the evolution of the disease
Prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies in multitransfused patients with beta-thalassemia
AIM: To detect the prevalence of anti-HAV IgG antibodies in adult multitransfused beta-thalassemic patients