Testing The Equality Of Location Parameters For Skewed Distribution Using S1 With High Breakdown Robust Scale Estimators.

A simulation study had been carried out to compare the Type I error and power of S1 , a statistic recommended by Babu et al {1999) for testing the equality of location parameters for skewed distributions

Comparing the “Typical Score” Across Independent Groups Based on Different Criteria for Trimming

Nonnormality and variance heterogeneity affect the validity of the traditional tests for treatment group equality (e.g. ANOVA F-test and t-test), particularly when group sizes are unequal. Adopting trimmed means instead of the usual least squares estimator has been shown to be mostly affective in combating the deleterious effects of nonnormality

The dual Function Two Highly Robust Estimators Of Scale.

Two statistics for testing the equality of central tendency measures under conditions of variance heterogeneity and non-normality, i.e. S1 and MOM-H, were compared in the context of a one-way completely randomized design

Automatic Road Crack Segmentation Using Thresholding Methods

Maintenance of good condition of roads are very essential to the economy and everyday life of people in a every country. Road cracks are one of the important indicators that show degradations of road surfaces. Inspection of roads that have been done manually took a very long time and tedious. Hence, an automatic road crack segmentation using thresholding methods have been proposed in this study. In this study, ten road crack images have been pre-processed as an initial step. Then, normalization techniques, L1-Sqrt norm have been applied onto images to reduce the variation of intensities that skewed to the right. Then, thresholding methods, Otsu and Sauvola methods have been used to binarize the images.  From the experiment of ten road crack images that have been done, normalization technique, L1-Sqrt norm can help to increase performance of road crack segmentation for Otsu and Sauvola methods. The results also show that Sauvola method outperform Otsu method in detecting road cracks

Screening for Ascochyta Blight Resistance in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Ten chickpea lines CM1966/93, CMC77S, CM843/98, CM1223/98, CM1441/98, CM2070/98, CC 104/99, CC106/99, CC124/00 were found highly resistant to Ascochyta blight with disease rating of 2 followed by 34 lines that were resistant and 21 lines were tolerant. None was found immune to blight. The highly resistant lines have exhibited higher level of resistance against blight as compared to earlier released varieties (CM72, CM88 and CM2000)

Screening for Ascochyta blight resistance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Ten chickpea lines CM1966/93, CMC77S, CM843/98, CM1223/98, CM1441/98, CM2070/98, CC 104/99, CC106/99, CC107/99, CC124/00 were found highly resistant to Ascochyta blight with disease rating of 2 followed by 34 lines that were resistant and 21 lines were tolerant. None was found immune to blight. The highly resistant lines have exhibited higher level of resistance against blight as compared to earlier released varieties (CM72, CM88 and CM2000)

Comparison on Cloud Image Classification for Thrash Collecting LEGO Mindstorms EV3 Robot

The world today faces the biggestwaste management crisis due to rapid economicgrowth, congestion, urban planning issues,devastating negative symptoms and politicalaffairs. In addressing this waste managementproblem, many methods of solving wastemanagement have proven not to be as planned.In this high technology era, the innovation ofhumanoid robots is found to be helpful to supportthe everyday human life. The industry is gearingtowards automation to increase productivity at thesame time will improved quality of life to localcommunities. Therefore, in this paper ThrashCollecting Robot (TCR) is proposed to helpprovide automatic control in thrash collection. TheTCR, built on the LEGO Mindstorm EV3 robot, candistinguish between static and dynamic barriers,and can move according to the programming thathas been created. TCRs are basically composedof sensors designed according to differentrequirements in order to detect dynamic barriers.TCR is one type of Cloud Robot that implementsimage processing techniques to identify the typeof waste that has been collected. The concept ofimage processing built in TCR by using CloudRepresentational State Transfer (REST API).This concept has been applied by Google CloudAPI and Sighthound. This cloud services usedmachine vision techniques to identify and classifythe type of thrash images; whether it is plastic,metal or paper. Experiment results show thatSightHound gives accurate result compared toGoogle Cloud in classifying thrash types

Phylogenetic relationships of Malayan gaur with other species of the genus Bos based on cytochrome b gene DNA sequences

The Malayan gaur (Bos gaurus hubbacki) is one of the three subspecies of gaurs that can be found in Malaysia. We examined the phylogenetic relationships of this subspecies with other species of the genus Bos (B. javanicus, B. indicus, B. taurus, and B. grunniens). The sequence of a key gene, cytochrome b, was compared among 20 Bos species and the bongo antelope, used as an outgroup. Phylogenetic reconstruction was employed using neighbor joining and maximum parsimony in PAUP and Bayesian inference in MrBayes 3.1. All tree topologies indicated that the Malayan gaur is in its own monophyletic clade, distinct from other species of the genus Bos. We also found significant branching differences in the tree topologies between wild and domestic cattle

Modeling the Energy Extraction from In-stream Water by Multi Stage Blade System of Cross Flow Micro Hydro Turbine

This paper aims to present energy extraction behavior of multi stage Micro Hydro Turbine (MHT), particularly when it operates in a low velocity In-Stream water body. Development a MHT with multi stage blade (runner) for water velocity ranges from 0.5 m/s to 1.0 m/s is the novelty of this research. Findings of literature review on MHT and simulation results of ANSYS CFD software are the basis of designing this research project. The vital parameters involved in designing the turbine were blade area, blade stage, blades position against water flow direction, spacing between blades, blade materials; and other technical factors associated with turbine operations. The study revealed that the turbine had started to extract energy at water velocity 0.3 m/s at 35 RPM turbine speed. At water inlet velocity 1.1 m/s, the velocity drop across blade was 25.6% and the energy extraction efficiency was 48.3%. The findings demonstrated that the energy extraction capacity of turbine blade had been greatly influenced by the blade stages and water velocity. The study concludes that the developed turbine is useful in low velocity In-stream water body for energy extraction and would be able to contribute to achieve energy and environmental sustainability

Using a theoretically informed process evaluation alongside a trial to improve oral health for care home residents

BACKGROUND: Poor oral health is common among older adults residing in care homes impacting their diet, quality of life, self-esteem, general health and well-being. The care home setting is complex and many factors may affect the successful implementation of oral care interventions. Exploring these factors and their embedded context is key to understanding how and why interventions may or may not be successfully implemented within their intended setting. OBJECTIVES: This methodology paper describes the approach to a theoretically informed process evaluation alongside a pragmatic randomised controlled trial, so as to understand contextual factors, how the intervention was implemented and important elements that may influence the pathways to impact. MATERIALS AND METHODS: SENIOR is a pragmatic randomised controlled trial designed to improve the oral health of care home residents in the United Kingdom. The trial uses a complex intervention to promote and provide oral care for residents, including education and training for staff. RESULTS: An embedded, theoretically informed process evaluation, drawing on the PAHRIS framework and utilising a qualitative approach, will help to understand the important contextual factors within the care home that influence both the trial processes and the implementation of the intervention. CONCLUSION: Utilising an implementation framework as the basis for a theoretically informed process evaluation provides an approach that specifically focuses on the contextual factors that may influence and shape the pathways to impact a given complex intervention a priori, while also providing an understanding of how and why an intervention may be effective. This contrasts with the more common post hoc approach that only focuses on implementation after the empirical results have emerged