Convection Boundary Layer Flows Over Needles and Cylinders in Viscous Fluids

Convection is the heat transfer process which is frequently encountered in environmental and engineering applications. In this study, the problems of steady laminar convection boundary layer flows over needles and cylinders immersed in an incompressible and viscous fluid are theoretically considered. The dimensional partial differential equations governing the boundary layer flows are first transformed into nondimensional equations. These equations are then transformed using non-similar transformation. Then, these transformed nonlinear systems of equations are solved using an implicit finite difference scheme known as the Keller-box method, which has been found to be very suitable in dealing with nonlinear and parabolic equations. The complete numerical method used in this study is programmed in Fortran. Numerical computations are carried out for various values of the dimensionless parameters of the problems, which include the Prandtl number Pr, the ratio of the major and minor axes of the cylinder bc=ac, the mixed convection parameter , the modified mixed convection parameter ^, the transverse curvature parameter , the parameter a representing the needle size and the viscosity/temperature parameter r. Numerical results presented in this study are the skin friction coefficient, the heat transfer coefficient, the local Nusselt number, the cylinder temperature as well as the velocity and temperature profiles. The obtained results show that the flow and the thermal characteristics are significantly influenced by these parameters

Study the microstructure and mechanical properties of nickel-aluminium intermetallic alloy

Over the past two decades of advanced materials and in particular, nanoparticles alloy have gained tremendous attention in science and technology. Nickel-aluminium intermetallic alloy exhibit considerable potential for near-term application in various branches of modern industry due to lots of advantages, such as low density, high melting temperature, high thermal conductivity and high specific modulus. In this research, the material was prepared by using grinding technique and undergo heat treatment consisting of three basic steps that are mechanical milling of nickel and aluminium powder at different composition, compaction of powder by using uniaxial hydraulic pressing and sintering of powder pellet at their specific temperature. Microstructural evolution and the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of different composition Ni-Al intermetallic alloy were investigated by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Vickers hardness and direct measurement of density. From the result of XRD, lattice parameter and crystallite size of each Ni-Al intermetallic alloy can be calculated. It shows that Ni-Al intermetallic alloy produced by increasing nickel composition will give increment in crystallite size which are 0.38nm, 0.35nm, 0.34nm are. 0.33nm, 0.29 nm. The image of SEM shows formation of different shape and phase of structure where different sintering temperatures gave impact on the morphology. Density after sintering process show higher value compared to density before the sintering process. This is due to properties manipulation of heat treatment where refinement of the grain structures and decrement of pores occurs. The hardness testing is by using Vickers hardness testing with 0.5kgf of load shows that Ni-Al intermetallic alloy with highest nickel and highest aluminium composition provide high hardness result and the hardness value also increase up after receiving heat treatment

SPEECH ACT ANALYSIS OF FEMALE STUDENT LEADERS IN A MALAYSIAN SECONDARY SCHOOL

The speech act is a study of pragmatics whereby utterances serve an essential function beyond verbal communication. It is an act of performing some activity through spoken words. In leadership, speech acts play a crucial role in the interaction between leaders and their followers. It not only conveys information but also initiates a desirable action or behaviour among the followers. Thus, leaders must be capable of utilizing different speech acts effectively to influence their followers to act or behave in a specific way and accomplish their leadership goals. This study has been undertaken in response to previous researchers who have found significant differences in speech acts of male and female leaders, with an objective to analyze the speech acts of female student leaders in a Malaysian secondary school according to Theory of Speech Acts by Bach & Harnish (1979). We collected data through in-depth interviews with three research participants who had been selected via purposive sampling. These participants were female students aged 17 years old with at least four years of leadership experience. After an in-depth qualitative analysis of interview data, we have demonstrated that speech acts of the research participants varied among constative, directive, commissive. Constatives, informative, assertive, and predictive acts. Among them, informative, assertive, and predictive speech acts dominated their utterances. In conclusion, the participants' speech acts indicated that, in general, they wished to be persuasive in their leadership roles and responsibilities.  Article visualizations

THE EFFECT OF COLLABORATIVE WRITING STRATEGY IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

The purpose of this study’s to determine whether there’s an influence in the collaborative writing strategy on the students of writing descriptive text for class X SMK Swasta Umum Sentosa in the academic year 2022/2023. This type of research is a quantitative research with a research design of two groups, pre-test and post-test. The population in this research is all class X which consist of two classes. The research sample consisted of two classes (class Xth AK 1 and Xth AP) which were taken in a random. In class Xth AP as an Experimental class using a collaborative writing and class Xth AK 1 as a control class using conventional learning. After the learning was given, the post-test was obtained with an average result of 80,94 for the experimental class and 54,0 for the control class. The result of the t-test obtained t’count = 19,4> t-table = 0,067811, then Ha is accepted, this obtained there is an influence on student learning outcomes using a collaborative writing on the result of students writing ability of descriptive text for class Xth SMK Swasta Umum Sentosa.Keywords: Effect, Collaborative Writing strategy, Descriptive Tex

Analisis Motivasi Kerja Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan Mako Cake and Bakery The Park Sawangan

Mako Cake and Bakery merupakan salah satu brand roti premium berkonsep Japanese boutique bakery yang menawarkan berbagai varian produk seperti roti, kue kering, dan kue buatan tangan. Dalam konteks produktivitas kerja karyawan agar menghindari faktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi menurun nya kinerja karyawan, mako cake and bakery perlu melakukan analisis motivasi kerja untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan mereka. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis motivasi kerja dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data dan menarik kesimpulan. Fokus masalah dalam penelitian ini terkait dengan kebutuhan fisiologis yang diberikan, tidak tersedianya makan untuk karyawan, karyawan mengalami bosan atas pekerjaan yang selalu berulang - ulang setiap hari, dan tingginya tanggung jawab pada pekerjaan. Jenis penelitian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa data primer dari wawancara, serta data sekunder berupa dokumen, jurnal dan sebagainya. Alat analisis yang digunakan yaitu SWOT analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dengan cara harus lebih memperhatikan kesejahteraan untuk meningkatkan motivasi kerja pada karyawan

PELAKSANAAN SHALAT HAJAT DI PONDOK PESANTREN MADRASATUL QUR’AN KECAMATAN SABAK AUH KABUPATEN SIAK (Kajian Living Hadis)

ABSTRAK Skripsi ini berjudul “Pelaksanaan Shalat Hajat di Pondok Pesantren Madrasatul Qur‟an Kecamatan Sabak Auh Kabupaten Siak (Kajian Living Hadis). Pondok pesantren madrasatul Qur‟an mempunyai program kegiatan shalat hajat yang selalu diamalkan sebagai wujud menghidupkan sunnah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari atau disebut dengan living hadis. Shalat hajat dilaksanakan secara berjamaah atau wajib berjamaah pada hari jumat jam 03:30 yang diikuti oleh para santi, jajaran pengurus pondok pesantren dan masyarakat sekitar pondok pesantren. Shalat hajat merupakan shalat sunah yang apabila dikerjakan akan mendapat pahala sebagai penyempurna shalat fardhu atau shalat wajib, dan apabila tidak di kerjakan maka tidak akan mendapatkan dosa. Adapun rumusan masalah skripsi ini (1) bagaimana living hadis pelaksanaan shalat hajat di pondok pesantren madrasatul Qur‟an Kecamatan Sabak Auh Kabupaten Siak. (2) apa faktor yang melatarbelakangi adanaya pelaksanaan shalat hajat pada hari jumat di pondok pesantren madarsatul Qur‟an Kecamatan Sabak Auh Kabupaten Siak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang mengambil data dari pondok pesantren madasatul Qur‟an, jumlah informan yang terlibat didalam penelitian ini ada 6 orang yaitu ketua yayasan, pimpinan yayasan, bendahara yayasan, pengurus yayasan, masyarakat, dan santri putri. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan data yang penulis analisis, maka penulis menenukan dua jawaban dari permasalahan penelitian ini yaitu (1) Pelaksanaan shalat hajat dikerjakan sebanyak dua rakaat, di awali dengan niat, rakaat pertama membaca surah Al-fatihah dan Al-Kafirun sebanyak 10 kali, rakaat kedua membaca surah Al-Fatihah dan Al-Ikhlas sebanyak 10 kali, salam dan diakhiri dengan sujud syukur. (2) Faktor yang melatarbelakangi pelaksanaan shalat hajat di Pondok Pesantren Madrasatul Qur‟an, dimana hari jum‟at merupakan hari dikabulkan do‟a - do‟a dan dihapuskannya dosa-dosa. Shalat hajat dipercaya akan menjadi bentuk ikhtiar seseorang hamba dalam menyampaikan permohonan pada Allah Swt. Kata kunci : Pelaksanaan, shalat hajat, Pondok pesantren Madrasatul Qur’an, Living Hadi

TARI UNCUL DARI SAUNG CINONG DALAM UJUNGAN DI DESA BABELAN BEKASI

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini berjudul TARI UNCUL DARI SAUNG CINONG DALAM UJUNGAN DI DESA BABELAN BEKASI. Tari uncul salah satu cabang seni yang dianggap sebagai ciri khas dari permainan Ujungan. Tari Uncul adalah tarian yang dilakukan sebelum permainan Ujungan dimulai yang berfungsi sebagai rangsangan dan tantangan bagi para pemain Ujungan yang dijadikan sebagai sarana untuk mencari strategi sebelum melawan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan dan memperoleh gambaran secara umum tentang Tari Uncul dari Saung Cinong yang berada didalam kesenian Ujungan Desa Babelan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan studi pustaka dengan instrumen penelitian menggunakan pedoman observasi, pedoman wawancara, pedoman dokumentasi. Peneliti membatasi permasalahan melalui beberapa identifikasi masalah yakni meliputi: (1) Latar Belakang Tari Uncul dalam kesenian Ujungan (2) Struktur gerak Tari Uncul di Saung Cinong Dari hasil penelitian tersebut didapatkan bahwa Dalam tari uncul terdapat dua ragam gerak di dalamnya yaitu, gerak mincid cinong dan gerak ujungan yang menandakan rasa nasionlisme masyarakat Babelan terhadap para pejuang. Kata kunci: Tari Uncul, Saung Cinong, Ujungan, Desa Babelan Bekasi ABSTRACT This study is entitled UNCUL DANCE FROM SAUNG CINONG IN THE EXAM IN BABELAN BEKASI VILLAGE. Uncul dance is one branch of art that is considered a hallmark of thegame Test. Uncul Dance is a dance performed before thegame Exam begins which serves as a stimulus and challenge for the players of the Exam which is used as a means to look for strategies before fighting. The purpose of this study is to describe and obtain a general picture of the Uncul Dance of Saung Cinong which is in the art Examination of the Babelan Village. This research uses descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study using observation techniques, interviews, documentation and literature studies with research instruments using observation guidelines, interview guidelines, documentation guidelines. Researchers limited the problem through some identification problems and includes: (1) Background in artuncul Dance Ujungan (2) The structure of dance movement uncul in Saung Cinong. From the results of these studies showed that In dance uncul there are two varieties of motion in it, namely, motion and motion mincid cinong ujungan sense of nationalismindicating Babelan society against the fighters. Keywords: Uncul Dance, Saung Cinong, Examination, Village Bekasi Babela

Witness Simulation Of Flight Arrival And Departure For One Runaway Airport Design

Aircraft turnaround processes involved the process from the moment aircraft arrive until it departs again. Some of the processes involved during aircraft turnaround such as refueling, disembarking, cleaning, passengers boarding and others. Therefore, low aircraft turnaround time is desired in order to avoid delay which is the common problem in aviation industry and will directly impacted customer trust. This research was proposed based on Kulim International Airport (KXP) project that is currently in planning stage. The aims is to study the aircraft turnaround process for a Boeing 737-800 by using Witness Horizon simulation software. Four models of aircraft turnaround with different situation were developed and analyzed in this research. The models are no breakdown model, breakdown on catering vehicle model, breakdown on fuel truck model and breakdown on both catering vehicle and fuel truck. The result of each model is analyzed based on parts, machines and labor performance. Each section is then compared based on percentage of busy, percentage of idle, percentage of breakdown, average WIP and others. A table of comparison of all models was created to choose the optimal model. The optimal model is no breakdown model as it has the nearest aircraft turnaround time with the proposed aircraft turnaround time of a Boeing 737-800 of 37 minutes. Any breakdown as modelled in the simulation will directly impacted flight schedule and causes delays