Preliminary study on birth weight and pre-weaning growth pattern in crossed Boer kids

This study was aimed to measure influence of some factors that involved in growth performance of crossed Boer kids including parity of mother, sex and litter size of kids. The data gained on body weight at birth weight (BW), 1 (Wt. 1), 2 (Wt. 2), and 3 (Wt. 3) months of age of 20 crossed Boer kids were recorded. There were two kids from does with parity 1, three kids from does with parity 2, eleven kids from does with parity 3, and four kids from parity ≥4. From all kids, eleven of them are male and nine female. Kids Six kids were born as single whereas eight kids were born as twin and six kids were born as triplet. Results showed that there was a no significant different (P>0.05) associated with parity of mother. For sex of kids, results show that highly significant differences (P0.05) for body weight of kids due to single, twin or triplet kid born effect

Influence of electron irradiation on the electroluminescence spectra of white InGaN light emitting diodes

We analyze the influence of electron irradiation on the electroluminescence spectra of white light emitting diodes (LEDs) based on indium gallium nitride. Three different irradiation fluences, 9.90×1015 , 1.32×1016 and 1.98×1016 cm-2 , are studied. For all 27 samples of LEDs of the commercially available models VAOL-5GWY4, VAOL-10GWY4 and OVL-3321, we observe a significant decrease in the emission light intensity after the irradiation. Degradation of the overall light intensity is believed to be due to irradiation-induced defects which act as nonradiative recombination centres. We also study the emission intensities and the central wavelengths of the LED samples subjected to electron irradiation under conditions of different injection currents. After irradiation with the fluence 1.98×1016 cm-2 , the blue peak located at 453 nm experiences severe degradation, so that only the yellow luminescence at 590 nm remains. This yellow band is related to radiative transitions from donor bands to the levels associated with gallium vacancie

effect of basalt fibres reinforcement and aluminum trihydrate on the thermal properties of intumescent fire retardant coatings

This research is carried out in order to study the synergistic effect of aluminium trihydrate and basalt fibres on the properties of fire resistant intumescent coatings. Intumescent fire retardant coatings were developed using different flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate, expandable graphite, melamine and boric acid. These flame retardants were bound together with the help of epoxy binder along with curing agent. Furthermore, individual and combinations of aluminium trihydrate and basalt fibres was incorporated in the formulations to analyse mechanical and chemical properties of the coatings. Char expansion was observed using furnace test, thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine residual weight, X-Ray Diffraction was performed to investigate compounds present in the char, shear test was conducted to determine char strength and scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to observe morphology of the burnt char. From the microscopic investigation it was concluded that the dense structure of the char increased the char integrity by adding basalt and aluminium trihydrate as fillers. X-Ray Diffraction results shows the presence boron phosphate, and boric acid which enhanced the thermal performance of the coating up to 800°C. From the Thermogravimetric analysis it was concluded that the residual weight of the char was increased up to 34.9 % for IC-B2A4 which enhanced thermal performance of intumescent coating

Screening of Aloe vera medium with different carbon and nitrogen sources for Lactobacillus acidophilus cultivation using fractional factorial design (FFD)

The aim of this research was to optimize the cultivation medium for economic production of a probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus acidophilus using Aloe vera medium with different carbon (glucose, fructose and sucrose) and nitrogen (yeast extract, meat peptone, ammonium sulphate and urea) sources. Screening step was performed using 28 1/16 fractional factorial design (FFD) to investigate the significant effect of 8 factors used in this study on the biomass production expressed in log10 cfu/ mL. Biomass production was measured based on total plate count method for enumeration of viable cells. In the process of screening, the concentration range of Aloe vera, carbon and nitrogen used were from 1-2% (w/v), 1-2% (w/v) and 0.5-1% (w/v), respectively. The maximum biomass production was obtained with 11.816 log10 cfu/mL. It was shown that glucose, Aloe vera gel, combination of glucose and fructose and combination of glucose and ammonium sulphate were resulted significant (p <; 0.05) effect towards to the response, biomass production

Magnetically modified sugarcane bagasse biochar as cadmium removal agent in water

Heavy metals are hazardous to health at certain levels. Currently, heavy metals are removed by physicochemical treatments, such as adsorption, flotation, and electrochemical deposition, and also biological treatments, such as algal biofilm reactor and anaerobic ammonium oxidation. In this study, magnetic biochar was produced to enhance the effectiveness and performance of the adsorbent for heavy metal removal. This study aimed to synthesise high-performance magnetic biochar, to determine the optimum parameters and conditions for high yield of magnetic biochar and high removal of cadmium (Cd2+) from aqueous solution, and to determine the adsorption kinetics and isotherms for Cd2+ removal. Nickel oxide (NiO)-impregnated sugarcane bagasse was subjected to slow pyrolysis to produce magnetic biochar. The impregnated metal, pyrolysis temperature, and pyrolysis time were varied to determine the optimum parameters and conditions to produce high-performance magnetic biochar. The removal of Cd2+ from aqueous solution and batch adsorption study were conducted. The synthesised magnetic biochar was characterised using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The adsorption data agreed well with the pseudo-second-order model and followed the Langmuir isotherm model. This study achieved 88.47% removal efficiency of Cd2+ from aqueous solution. Thus, the removal of this heavy metal as a human carcinogen reduces the hazardous effects on human health and reduces the toxicity in the environment

Allergic dermatitis in a bull: a case report

A case of skin lesions in a 2 year old Kedah-kelantan cross bull was presented to the Large Animal unit of the University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Physical examination revealed that the vital parameters were all within the normal range. However, there were multiple circumscribed skin lesions (1-2cm) along the dorsal spine and on all the limbs. Examination of the farm house environment revealed marshy areas with Cullicoides infestations. The wound was dressed with diluted chlorhexidine and povidone iodine followed by topical application of dermapred (antibacterial + anti-inflammatory) agent. The bull was given intramuscular injections of chlorpheniramine melate 1ml/50kg, Penicillin 15mg/kg and flunixin meglumine1.1mg/kg. The haemogram showed lymphocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia, basophilia and neutrophilia with left shift. The farmer was advised to clear the bush and drainages around the farm. A follow up visit to the farm one week after the treatment showed a significant improvement as the wound had dried up and the lesions are healing

IoT-based Machine Learning Comparative Models of Stream Water Parameters Forecasting for Freshwater Lobster

Water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH, and mineral content are important factors for aquaculture. Predictive analytics can predict water conditions in aquaculture and significantly reduce the mortality probability of aquaculture products. This paper applied stream predictive analytics to the freshwater lobster farming dataset where its real-time data supplied by End Node Unit (ENU) which integrated with dissolved oxygen (DO), potential hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The real-time data of ENU in Structured Query Language (SQL) is normally displayed for remote monitoring and the analytics will only be done after in different processing platform called batch analytics. Instead of batch, this paper demonstrates capability of stream analytics where the real-time data query from ENU streaming through Structured Query Language (SQL) right into R Studio and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) predictions executed on the query table simultaneously on the same processing platform. Previously, ARIMA, Neural Network Autoregressive (NNETAR), and Naïve Bayes, were run and evaluated in R Studio to identify the best algorithm for stream analytics. Prediction procedure in R studio start with importing real-time data stored in SQL database and stream into R Studio using command of “dbGetQuery(con,sql)”. These three models evaluated the performance of freshwater lobster water conditions, dissolved oxygen (DO), potential hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The data was collected for six months, and 70% was used as training data and 30% as test data. Compared to NNETAR and Naïve Bayes, ARIMA fits the entire data set well for 7 days; the ARIMA model exhibited lower absolute errors for pH and electrical conductivity, with errors ranging from 0.04 to 1.7 across days, while the NNETAR model had generally lower errors for TDS, with errors ranging from 0.3 to 0.7; however, the Naïve Bayes model's performance varied, with the lowest error for DO on day (5) 0.15 but higher errors for other parameters and days, including the highest error for electrical conductivity on day (6) 6.2. In conclusion, the average absolute errors for DO, pH, EC, and TDS are 0.163, 0.064, 0.705, and 0.498, respectively. Our findings underscore the efficacy of ARIMA for comprehensive water quality via stream prediction while highlighting the nuanced strengths and weaknesses of each model in forecasting specific parameters. This study contributes to the aquaculture literature by providing a nuanced comparative analysis of predictive models tailored to freshwater lobster farming, emphasizing the imperative role of stream predictive modelling. It enables real-time monitoring of water quality parameters, ensuring prompt interventions to maintain optimal conditions, thereby minimizing risks, enhancing aquaculture productivity, and ultimately contributing to sustainable and efficient freshwater lobster farming practices

The complete mitogenome of the abalone, Haliotis asinina (Gastropoda, Haliotidae) from Malaysia

The complete mitochondrial genome of the tropical abalone, Haliotis asinina is sequenced and analyzed for the first time. The mitogenome is 16399 base pairs (bp) in length and contains 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. The arrangement and orientation of genes compared with 10 available Haliotis mitogenomes were found to be identical. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to assess their evolutionary relationships. The phylogenetic tree shows that H. asinina is closely related to H. ovina, H. diversicolor, H. varia, H. rubra and H. tuberculata. The genetic information gleaned from this study will be invaluable for the further studies of H. asinina.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

Electric Energy Potential From Pineapples and Potatoes

Basically, the voltage can be obtained from various sources, including fruit. Fruit is often used as food, drink and a source of vitamins for the body's defense system. It turns out that it has the ability to generate electricity, especially for fruit that has a high acidity level. The acidity in some types of fruit is able to generate electricity because it is electrolyte. Fruits which contain mineral acids in the form of hydrochloric acid and citric acid, are strong electrolytes that break down completely into ions in a water solution. Besides having acid, fruits also contain a lot of water, so that when two different metals are immersed, the fruit solution will create a potential difference between the metal and water so that there is an electrode potential that can generate electric current as well. The purpose of making a rough draft of this practicum is to prove the existence of electrical energy in pineapples and potatoes. In this experiment, it has been proven that pineapples and potatoes can produce an electric current, indicated by the presence of a voltage when measured by a voltmeter

Factorial Analysis on Processing Factors for Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Contents in Mushroom Waste

The agriculture industry relies heavily on the use of bio-fertilizer and the main components in bio-fertilizer are nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K). Thus, a study was conducted to identify the N, P, and K contents in mushroom waste (MW). These components are numerous building blocks that plants need for healthy growth. Therefore, by increasing the N, P and K contents in MW, it can be utilized to produce high and better quality of bio -fertilizer. Five independent factors, i.e., aging of waste (fresh 0 day & aged 14 days), waste pH (7& 8.5), composition [MW only & mixture of MW & spent medium (SM)], technique of drying (oven 50°C & sunlight), and MW size (powder & cut) were the affecting factors on N, P, and K contents in MW. A 25-1 fractional factorial design was used to investigate the effect of the independent factors as well as the interaction factors on the N, P, and K contents. The N, P, and K contents were measured using HACH spectrophotometer. The objective of this research is to identify the best combination of processing factors. Some of the independent factors were shown to have significant effects on the N, P and K contents. The results showed that the most significant factor in N content are MW size and aging of waste, while for P and K contents are technique of drying and MW size. The best condition was identified to maximize the amount of N, P, and K contents in MW. The identified conditions were the MW aged for 7 days, MW size at powder form, waste pH at 7, drying under sun light and the composition MW only. Based on the proposed best condition the N (12.08 mg/L), P (3.04 mg/L), and K (8.09 mg/L) contents were achieved. The results show that fractional factorial design was suitable in investigating the effect of a large number of factors with a minimum number of experiments