Design Implications for Personal Information Management: A Theoretical Evaluation of a Prototype Interface

Personal Information management (PIM) is a research area that receives interest from a variety of disciplines including human-computer interaction, information retrieval, information systems research and psychology to mention but a few. The diversity in approaches and the cross-disciplinary nature of PIM have resulted in a fragmented picture of the problems and challenges designers of PIM tools are facing. In this paper we present a PIM evaluation framework based on a broad literature study of the known challenges within PIM. Focusing in particular on information fragmentation and the re-finding of information, we built and evaluated a PIM prototype using our framework. We found that zooming, separation between logical and physical structures, and showing search results in context seem like useful future design ideas

Контрастивний аспекту вивченні фразеологічних одиниць із компонентом вогонь (на матеріалі української та англійської мов)

(uk) У статті проведено контрастивный аналіз фразеологізмів із компонентом «вогонь» в українській та англійській мовах, а також визначено, що він відіграє першочергову роль у формуванні фразеологічного значення, оскільки виступає у ролі мотивуючого компонента семантики аналізованих фразеологізмів. У всіх досліджуваних одиницях української та англійської мов компонент «вогонь» сигналізує сему «смерть», іноді — «очищення», «витримка».(en) The article deals with the contrastive analysis of phraseological units with the component ‘fire’ in Ukrainian and English. It is found out that it plays a primary role in shaping the idiomatic meaning as a motivating component of semantics of the analyzed idioms. In all Ukrainian and English units with the component ‘fire’ it implies the seme ‘death’, or sometimes ‘cleaning’, ‘endurance’

Modification of the asthma quality of life questionnaire (standardised) for patients 12 years and older

BACKGROUND: The age limit for some adult asthma clinical trials has recently been lowered to 12 years. In this study we have made minor modifications to the standardised version of the adult Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ(S)) to make it valid for patients 12 years and older (AQLQ12+). METHODS: We have used two clinical trial databases, in which the AQLQ12+ was used, to compare the measurement properties of the questionnaire in patients 12–17 years and patients 18 years and older. A total of 2433 patients (12–75 years), with current asthma and with data that could be evaluated both at randomisation and end of treatment, were included. RESULTS: The analysis showed that internal consistency, responsiveness and correlations with other clinical indices were very similar in patients 12–17 years and patients 18 years and older. CONCLUSION: The measurement properties of the AQLQ12+ are similar in adolescents and adults and therefore the instrument is valid for use in adult studies which include children 12 years and older

Health-related quality of life, utility, and productivity outcomes instruments: ease of completion by subjects with COPD

An important outcome of any clinical intervention is the change in the subject's own perceived state of health. This can be categorized as health-related quality of life (HRQL), utility (preference-based health state), and daily life performance. 174 Swedish subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (mean age 64.3 ± 12 years) completed five self-administered questionnaires: Short Form 36 (SF-36), St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), Health States-COPD (HS-COPD), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire for COPD (WPAI-COPD). The subjects scored these outcomes instruments for ease of completion using a 5-point scale. The time taken to complete them was noted and the administrators' opinion of the subjects' comprehension of the questionnaires recorded using a 4-point scale. A score of 1–3 ("very easy" to "acceptable") was recorded by 92% of subjects for the SF-36, 90% for SGRQ, 80% for EQ-5D, 83% for WPAI-COPD, and 53% for HS-COPD. The HS-COPD was graded "very difficult" to complete by 21% of subjects compared with 3–5% of subjects for the other questionnaires. The mean time taken to complete all questionnaires was 39 minutes, and the large majority of subjects scored "good" for understanding by the administrator. Age correlated significantly with the degree of the subject's opinion of the ease of completion of five outcomes instruments, while the influence of gender, socio-economic status and disease severity was not statistically significant

Local knowledge centres as development hubs in rural regions, Know-Hub Project, Erasmus+ funded.

The Know-Hubs project offers a unique opportunity for the partners to share experience about the operations and functions of knowledge centres, to identify different ways of working, to explore the diverse services provided, consider the different missions and to develop relevant state-of-the-art resources for use. The Know-Hubs project will allow for the transfer of knowledge between both the partners and the organisations of interest. The project will enable both direct and indirect engagement of participants from different sectors and in a range of country settings. This engagement will assist in mapping out; innovations, best practice and useful resources. Additionally, the networking will contribute to the development of support tools and resources. The partners recognise the need to further strengthen European cooperation and integration. The partners realise that education and training cooperation, provision of high-quality services and equal access to new communities will be central in meeting the challenges that Europe is facing. The partners understand there are emergent and differing needs and demands within each country relating to new communities, such as, work force and unemployment, migration and immigration, urban versus rural development and equality of access to education and funding. The partners acknowledge that complex social problems can best be resolved by all parties working together and by sharing knowledge and evidence to inform decision making. The Know-Hubs project explores the impact of knowledge centres and the contribution they make towards meeting the local needs and demands of rural communities and regions

Health-related quality of life is related to COPD disease severity

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between health-related quality of life (HRQL) and disease severity using lung function measures. METHODS: A survey was performed in subjects with COPD in Sweden. 168 subjects (70 women, mean age 64.3 years) completed the generic HRQL questionnaire, the Short Form 36 (SF-36), the disease-specific HRQL questionnaire; the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and the utility measure, the EQ-5D. The subjects were divided into four severity groups according to FEV(1 )per cent of predicted normal using two clinical guidelines: GOLD and BTS. Age, gender, smoking status and socio-economic group were regarded as confounders. RESULTS: The COPD severity grades affected the SGRQ Total scores, varying from 25 to 53 (GOLD p = 0.0005) and from 25 to 45 (BTS p = 0.0023). The scores for SF-36 Physical were significantly associated with COPD severity (GOLD p = 0.0059, BTS p = 0.032). No significant association were noticed for the SF-36, Mental Component Summary scores and COPD severity. Scores for EQ-5D VAS varied from 73 to 37 (GOLD I-IV p = 0.0001) and from 73 to 50 (BTS 0-III p = 0.0007). The SGRQ Total score was significant between age groups (p = 0.0047). No significant differences in HRQL with regard to gender, smoking status or socio-economic group were noticed. CONCLUSION: The results show that HRQL in COPD deteriorates with disease severity and with age. These data show a relationship between HRQL and disease severity obtained by lung function

Overview of JET results for optimising ITER operation

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Crown copyright. Reproduced with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office.The JET 2019-2020 scientific and technological programme exploited the results of years of concerted scientific and engineering work, including the ITER-like wall (ILW: Be wall and W divertor) installed in 2010, improved diagnostic capabilities now fully available, a major neutral beam injection upgrade providing record power in 2019-2020, and tested the technical and procedural preparation for safe operation with tritium. Research along three complementary axes yielded a wealth of new results. Firstly, the JET plasma programme delivered scenarios suitable for high fusion power and alpha particle (α) physics in the coming D-T campaign (DTE2), with record sustained neutron rates, as well as plasmas for clarifying the impact of isotope mass on plasma core, edge and plasma-wall interactions, and for ITER pre-fusion power operation. The efficacy of the newly installed shattered pellet injector for mitigating disruption forces and runaway electrons was demonstrated. Secondly, research on the consequences of long-term exposure to JET-ILW plasma was completed, with emphasis on wall damage and fuel retention, and with analyses of wall materials and dust particles that will help validate assumptions and codes for design and operation of ITER and DEMO. Thirdly, the nuclear technology programme aiming to deliver maximum technological return from operations in D, T and D-T benefited from the highest D-D neutron yield in years, securing results for validating radiation transport and activation codes, and nuclear data for ITER.Peer reviewe

The role of ETG modes in JET-ILW pedestals with varying levels of power and fuelling

We present the results of GENE gyrokinetic calculations based on a series of JET-ITER-like-wall (ILW) type I ELMy H-mode discharges operating with similar experimental inputs but at different levels of power and gas fuelling. We show that turbulence due to electron-temperature-gradient (ETGs) modes produces a significant amount of heat flux in four JET-ILW discharges, and, when combined with neoclassical simulations, is able to reproduce the experimental heat flux for the two low gas pulses. The simulations plausibly reproduce the high-gas heat fluxes as well, although power balance analysis is complicated by short ELM cycles. By independently varying the normalised temperature gradients (omega(T)(e)) and normalised density gradients (omega(ne )) around their experimental values, we demonstrate that it is the ratio of these two quantities eta(e) = omega(Te)/omega(ne) that determines the location of the peak in the ETG growth rate and heat flux spectra. The heat flux increases rapidly as eta(e) increases above the experimental point, suggesting that ETGs limit the temperature gradient in these pulses. When quantities are normalised using the minor radius, only increases in omega(Te) produce appreciable increases in the ETG growth rates, as well as the largest increases in turbulent heat flux which follow scalings similar to that of critical balance theory. However, when the heat flux is normalised to the electron gyro-Bohm heat flux using the temperature gradient scale length L-Te, it follows a linear trend in correspondence with previous work by different authors

Spectroscopic camera analysis of the roles of molecularly assisted reaction chains during detachment in JET L-mode plasmas

The roles of the molecularly assisted ionization (MAI), recombination (MAR) and dissociation (MAD) reaction chains with respect to the purely atomic ionization and recombination processes were studied experimentally during detachment in low-confinement mode (L-mode) plasmas in JET with the help of experimentally inferred divertor plasma and neutral conditions, extracted previously from filtered camera observations of deuterium Balmer emission, and the reaction coefficients provided by the ADAS, AMJUEL and H2VIBR atomic and molecular databases. The direct contribution of MAI and MAR in the outer divertor particle balance was found to be inferior to the electron-atom ionization (EAI) and electron-ion recombination (EIR). Near the outer strike point, a strong atom source due to the D+2-driven MAD was, however, observed to correlate with the onset of detachment at outer strike point temperatures of Te,osp = 0.9-2.0 eV via increased plasma-neutral interactions before the increasing dominance of EIR at Te,osp < 0.9 eV, followed by increasing degree of detachment. The analysis was supported by predictions from EDGE2D-EIRENE simulations which were in qualitative agreement with the experimental observations