Optimization of thermostable alkaline protease production from species of Bacillus using rice bran

A protease producing microorganism was isolated from soil collected from a detergent industry and identified as Bacillus species. Isolate K-30 produced thermostable alkaline protease utilizing rice bran. The optimum conditions for protease activity was 55°C at pH 9 with 4% inoculum in the medium containing 1% rice bran after 96 h of incubation. Beef extract, tryptone and yeast extract were good nitrogen sources while lactose, starch, and sucrose were suitable for enzyme production. The extracellular production of the enzyme, its thermostable nature and compatibility with most commercial detergents are features which suggest its application in the detergent industry.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (7), pp. 724-726, 200

MUTATIONS IN THE RPOB GENE OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IDENTIFIED BY SEQUENCING METHOD

ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the mutation in the rpoB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), using by sequencing method from pulmonary specimensof presumptive TB patients belonging to the districts of Tamil Nadu.Methods: A total of 8697 clinical specimens of presumptive MTB patients were collected from various districts of Tamil Nadu. Smear microscopy wasperformed by light emitting diode fluorescent microscopy and all the smear positive samples were tested using line probe assay (LPA) to detect thepercentage of drug resistance pattern and to identify the missing mutation in LPA by the sequencing method.Results: Among 4897 smear positives subjected to LPA method; 407 (8.3%) MTB was not detected and 16 (0.3%) showed invalid result; 4473 (91.4%)strains showed MTB positive; 3695 (82.6%) were sensitive for both rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) drugs; 502 (11.2%) were resistance for INH;73 (1.6%) resistant for RIF; 203 (4.5%) were resistance for RIF and INH. Totally, 52 (1.2%) strains results cannot be confirmed by LPA and reportedas sensitive for RIF, because of the faint and the missing bands in both wild type and mutation. These strains were sequenced and 39 (75%) strainsshowed resistant to RIF.Conclusion: Hence LPA may be the molecular technology for the rapid, feasible and reliable method for the detection of multidrug resistant mutationbut few confusion bands cannot be reported as resistance, which should be confirmed by either conventional phenotypic drug susceptibility testingor by sequencing method.Keywords: Line probe assay, Sequencing, Mutation, Multidrug resistant tuberculosis

A Study on “Security of Cyber-Physical Systems in the Cloud”

The existing security models are built with certain assumptions. The solutions like distributed accountability, provable data possession (PDP), Third Party Auditing (TPA) and so on are secure as long as the assumptions hold true. To ensure fool proof security for cloud storage security little research has been made on quantum key cryptography. Since the quantum key distribution is unconditionally secure, we propose a new scheme known as Cloud QKDP (Quantum Key Distribution Protocol for Cloud Computing) which exploits the benefits of quantum mechanisms to secure cloud storage and data dynamics. We consider a case study in which three parties such as cloud server, data owner and trusted client have provably secure communications with our proposed scheme which uses random oracle model. Our empirical study revealed mixture of success and failure rates with private and public clouds respectively

Biodegradable Protein-Based Photoelectrochemical Cells with Biopolymer Composite Electrodes That Enable Recovery of Valuable Metals

The development of new technologies that use sunlight as an energy source is adding to pressure on finite natural resources and the challenges of recycling and disposal. Looking to nature for material assistance, we describe a proof-of-concept flexible and biodegradable photoelectrochemical cell based almost entirely on pigments, proteins, polysaccharides, and graphene platelets. In addition to being largely environmentally benign, such devices present opportunities for the recovery of valuable components such as, in the present case, the geologically scarce metal indium and the precious metal gold. Recovery is achieved through dissolution in ethanol followed by physical separation of the heavy element, leaving a residue made up from common elements that can be recycled through natural biodegradation. Potential applications for flexible, biomolecule-based photoelectrochemical cells are considered

Bacterial and fungal agents causing lower respiratory tract infections in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection

Background: HIV the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was considered a global problem after its discovery in 1981. Lower respiratory infections are 25 fold more common in HIV cases, than in the general community, occurring in up to 90 cases per 1000 person–years. The present study was conducted to determine the regional profile of respiratory pathogens including opportunistic implicated in lower respiratory tract infections in HIV cases.Methods: 200 HIV patients diagnosed with lower respiratory infection were enrolled as subjects. Expectorated, induced sputum and Broncho alveolar lavage were processed and bacterial and fungal pathogens were identified as per standard guidelines.Results: M. tuberculosis was the common pathogen (44.08%), followed by bacterial (21.71%) which include predominant Gram negative bacteria. Candida sp was the common fungal pathogen (16.45%) followed by Aspergillus sp (12.83%), Cryptococcus sp (1.97%). Most important observation of the study was isolation of nine cases of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia.Conclusions: Bacterial and fungal agents form the main cause of lower respiratory infections in HIV individuals. Most of them are polymicrobial and an increasing trend of pneumocystis pneumonia is observed.

Bis(Phenolate)-Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Oxo- and Imido-Vanadium(V)

Oxo- and imido-vanadium(V) metal complexes supported by bis(phenolate)-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands were synthesized and structurally identified. In the presence of [(Ph3P=)2N]Cl ([PPN]Cl), saturated NHC oxo-vanadium complexes showed activity in the coupling of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide (CHO) into cis-cyclohexene carbonate (cis-CHC). More importantly, the oxo-vanadium complex bearing the less electron-donating benzannulated NHC ligand was found to be more active in CHO conversion to poly(cyclohexene carbonate) (PCHC) in addition to the cis-CHC, highlighting the beneficial effect of the weak electron-donating ability of the latter vs. saturated NHC ligands within such vanadium catalysts. Evaluation of the saturated NHC imido-vanadium catalyst performance led to the same activity and selectivity as the analogous oxo-vanadium catalysts owing to its reactivity with CO2 via a [2+2] cycloaddition reaction forming an oxo-vanadium species.publishedVersio

VOLTAGE RECOVERY AND FAULT DECLINE SHARED METHOD FOR POWER GRID

The suggested control technique is recognized with the following two operations: discussing error reduction operation and current recovery operation. The very first approach would be to introduce the virtual output impedance by modifying the output current reference according to output current feedback. The 2nd approach is dependent on an indication injection technique. to be able to lessen the reactive power discussing errors, the technique injects some small disturbance signals that contain reactive power information in to the frequency reference of every DG unit. The majority of the DG units are attached to the grid via power electronic converters, which introduces system resonance, protection interference, etc. To beat these complaints, the micro grid concept was initially suggested in America through the Consortium for Electrical Reliability Technology Solutions. Simulation and experimental answers are presented to verify the success and practicality from the suggested reactive power discussing method. Usually, the droop control method which mimics the behavior of the synchronous generator in traditional power product is adopted, which doesn't need using critical communications. Each DG unit is attached to the micro grid through power electronic ripper tools and it is particular feeder. This paper aims to resolve the essential active and reactive power discussing in islanded mode, and also the power discussing issue on harmonic currents has run out of the scope of the paper

AN INNOVATIVE SCHEME USES DVSI AND IF

In this paper, an expense reason behind the square in the present error between the predicted along with the actual series capacitor is called. Even though deriving the discrete-time type of the unit, it was assumed the concept signals remain constant during two subsequent sampling instants. This paper presents a predictive current control scheme for the effective charge of a transformer less dynamic current restorer (TDVR). A charge card applicator in phase lock loop described, can be used synchronization. The angle may be the load position that's frequently accustomed to maintain your power balance inside the load point in addition to maintaining the ability-bus voltage constant. It's calculated having a proportional-integral(PI) controller which makes certain that the duty power is taken from the source preserving your VSI electricity-link current constant. This control plan utilizes the discrete type of a gift source inverter and an interfacing filter for the generation within the switching strategy of inverter switches. Predictive current control formula-based TDVR tracks the reference current effectively and keeps load voltages sinusoidal during various voltage disturbances furthermore to load conditions. Additionally, this course of action doesn't need any straight line controller or modulation technique. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the performance within the proposed scheme

Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease using SVM and CNN

Chronic kidney disease is one of the deadliest diseases today and it is vital to have a good diagnosis as soon as possible. In medical treatment, machine learning has been reported to be effective. A doctor can diagnose the disease early by using machine learning classifier algorithms. This study investigated the chronic disease prognosis of this concept. Disease data was taken from the University of California, Irvine. Other measurement algorithms used in this study include C5.0, Chi-square automatic interaction detector, line extraction, SVM line with L1 and L2 flap, and neural network random tree. The database was also submitted to a feature selection program that merited the database. Scores are computer generated for each category segment using the following methods: Full Version, (ii) Link-Based Feature Selection, (iii) Folder Feature Selection, (iv) Minimal Collapse and Selected Optional Retrospective Features, (v) integrated small oversampling method with very small reduction features and selected bias on the selected operator, and (vi) how to do multiple samples combined with full functions. In the full multi-sample processing process, the findings show that L2-loaded LSVM has a very high accuracy of 96.86 percent. The graph shows the results of different methods, as well as precision, precision, recall, F-score, area under the curve, and GINI coefficient. The minimum absolute reduction and selection regression operation selected features using the synthetic minority oversampling approach produced the best results after using the synthetic minority oversampling method with full features. The support vector machine achieved a high accuracy of 96.46 percent in the process of making very large samples with very small turndowns and selected operator features. Machine learning methods used with convolutional neural networks and SVM classifier models on the same database, with 96.7 percent of high-definition support machine models and networks are used