E – Tourism And Tourism Services Consumer Protection

This article wishes to highlight the electronic tourism and innovation role in tourism industry with impact on economic growth especially by approach of firms. So, tourism firms witch have a website well done have access to a huge tourism market, thus succeeding to present their products and services of interest to a wide range of consumers both at national and international level. Consumer behavior is strongly influenced, observing major mutations; witch requires revision of regulations, particularly in consumer protection. Tourists protection is ensured primarily by tourism organization witch promote e-tourism and secondly by state, with legal regulations. The authors aim to highlight a number of issues relating to the importance electronic procurement of tourism packages, the responsibilities of owners sites, current policy on consumer protection for online travel services or products. Through a rigorous analysis of existing legislation, but also through an exploration of literature, authors have proposed highlighting the main directions to follow to improve consumer protection regulations online tour.e-tourism, consumer behavior, protection, website, tourism industry

Insights into Preservation of Blood Biomarkers in Biobank Samples

Peer reviewe

Первый опыт выполнения циторедуктивной простатэктомии у пациентов с олигометастатическим раком предстательной железы после предшествующего химиогормонального лечения

Background. Nowadays there is no consensus on application of cytoreductive prostatectomy in a complex therapy in patients with oligo-metastatic prostate cancer.Study objective: assessment of short-term results of neoadjuvant chemohormonotherapy followed by cytoreductive prostatectomy in patients with oligo-metastatic prostate cancer.Materials and methods. Cytoreductive prostatectomy was performed in 7 patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer.Results. Postoperative complications in 3 (42.9 %) out of 7 treated patients were classified as grade IIIb according to Clavien-Dindo scale. Post-surgical analysis of prostate tissue samples showed therapeutic pathomorphism of grade II in 3 patients (42.9 %), grade III in 1 patient (14.3 %) and grade IV in another patient (14.3 %). Urinary continence regained in all the patients. Average postoperative supervision period took 12 months. Disease progression was diagnosed in 1 patient (14.3 %).Conclusion. Combined application of neoadjuvant chemohormonotherapy followed by cytoreductive prostatectomy can be considered as an alternative method of treatment in a properly selected group of patients with oligo-metastatic prostate cancer.Введение. В настоящее время не существует единого мнения о месте циторедуктивной простатэктомии в комплексном лечении пациентов с олигометастатическим раком предстательной железы.Цель исследования - оценка непосредственных результатов комбинации химиогормонотерапии с последующей циторедуктивной простатэктомией у пациентов с олигометастатическим раком предстательной железы.Материалы и методы. Циторедуктивная простатэктомия была выполнена 7 пациентам с олигометастатическим раком предстательной железы.Результаты. У 3 (42,9 %) из 7 пролеченных пациентов развились послеоперационные осложнения IIIb степени тяжести по классификации Clavien-Dindo. В образцах ткани предстательной железы после операции был обнаружен лекарственный патоморфоз II степени у 3 (42,9 %), III степени у 1 (14,3 %), IV степени - у 1 (14,3 %) пациента. У всех пациентов достигнуто полное удержание мочи. Медиана наблюдения после операции составила 12 мес. Прогрессирование заболевания отмечено у 1 (14,3 %) пациента.Заключение. Сочетание химиогормонотерапии с последующей циторедуктивной простатэктомией может являться методом выбора у тщательно отобранных пациентов с олигометастатическим раком предстательной железы

The diurnal cycle of precipitation from continental radar mosaics and numerical weather prediction models. Part II: intercomparison among numerical models and with nowcasting

This second part of a two-paper series compares deterministic precipitation forecasts from the Storm-Scale Ensemble Forecast System (4-km grid) run during the 2008 NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) Spring Experiment, and from the Canadian Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model (15 km), in terms of their ability to reproduce the average diurnal cycle of precipitation during spring 2008. Moreover, radar-based nowcasts generated with the McGill Algorithm for Precipitation Nowcasting Using Semi-Lagrangian Extrapolation (MAPLE) are analyzed to quantify the portion of the diurnal cycle explained by the motion of precipitation systems, and to evaluate the potential of the NWP models for very short-term forecasting. The observed diurnal cycle of precipitation during spring 2008 is characterized by the dominance of the 24-h harmonic,which shifts with longitude, consistent with precipitation traveling across the continent. Time–longitude diagrams show that the analyzed NWP models partially reproduce this signal, but show more variability in the timing of initiation in the zonal motion of the precipitation systems than observed from radar. Traditional skill scores show that the radar data assimilation is the main reason for differences in model performance, while the analyzed models that do not assimilate radar observations have very similar skill. The analysis of MAPLE forecasts confirms that the motion of precipitation systems is responsible for the dominance of the 24-h harmonic in the longitudinal range 1038–858W, where 8-h MAPLE forecasts initialized at 0100, 0900, and 1700UTC successfully reproduce the eastward motion of rainfall systems. Also, on average, MAPLE outperforms radar data assimilating models for the 3–4 h after initialization, and nonradar data assimilating models for up to 5 h after initialization