Jakten på den gode balansen mellom analog og digital undervisning: Hvordan arbeide forskningsbasert i valg av analoge eller digitale læremidler i den begynnende skrivingen i norskfaget?

Begynneropplæringen i norskfaget har en viktig rolle for hvordan den første lese-og skriveopplæringen foregår. Jeg ønsket i denne oppgaven å undersøke hvordan man ved hjelp av forskning på feltet kan danne seg en reflektert mening over hvordan den begynnende skriveopplæringen burde foregå. Her er jakten på den gode balansen mellom analog og digital begynnende skriveopplæring i sentrum. Metoden som er tatt i bruk for avhandlingen er en gjennomgang og drøfting av forskning som allerede er utført. Her reflekterer jeg ved hjelp av teori og forskning hvordan opplæringen i skriving kan foregå på en analog og digital måte. Med bakgrunn i forskningslitteraturen som er valgt for avhandlingen ser jeg hvordan forskningen benevner ulike perspektiver på den begynnende skriveopplæringen i norskfaget. Konklusjonen for avhandlingen viser at balansen mellom en digital og analog skriveopplæring krever en refleksjon over flere perspektiver før man til slutt kan danne seg en mening over hvordan man selv ønsker å gjennomføre undervisningen

Faces of a Changing Climate: Semi-Quantitative Multi-Mycotoxin Analysis of Grain Grown in Exceptional Climatic Conditions in Norway

Recent climatological research predicts a significantly wetter climate in Southern Norway as a result of global warming. Thus, the country has already experienced unusually wet summer seasons in the last three years (2010–2012). The aim of this pilot study was to apply an existing multi-analyte LC-MS/MS method for the semi-quantitative determination of 320 fungal and bacterial metabolites in Norwegian cereal grain samples from the 2011 growing season. Such knowledge could provide important information for future survey and research programmes in Norway. The method includes all regulated and well-known mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, trichothecenes, ochratoxin A, fumonisins and zearalenone. In addition, a wide range of less studied compounds are included in the method, e.g., Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids and other metabolites produced by fungal species within Fusarium, Penicillium and Aspergillus. Altogether, 46 metabolites, all of fungal origin, were detected in the 76 barley, oats and wheat samples. The analyses confirmed the high prevalence and relatively high concentrations of type-A and -B trichothecenes (e.g., deoxynivalenol up to 7230 µg/kg, HT-2 toxin up to 333 µg/kg). Zearalenone was also among the major mycotoxins detected (maximum concentration 1670 µg/kg). Notably, several other Fusarium metabolites such as culmorin, 2-amino-14,16-dimethyloctadecan-3-ol and avenacein Y were co-occurring. Furthermore, the most prevalent Alternaria toxin was alternariol with a maximum concentration of 449 µg/kg. A number of Penicillium and Aspergillus metabolites were also detected in the samples, e.g., sterigmatocystin in concentrations up to 20 µg/kg

Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety. 22 November 2007. Risk assessment of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in fish liver

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New WHO TEFs for dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs: Assessment of consequence of altered TEF values for dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs on current exposure in the Norwegian population

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Comments on proposed maximum levels for dioxin-like PCBs in Food. Panel on Contaminants Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety

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Comments on proposed maximum levels for dioxin-like PCBs in Food. Panel on Contaminants Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety

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Afrika i en global krisetid: Noen utviklingstrekk

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Regulated mitochondrial DNA replication during oocyte maturation is essential for successful porcine embryonic development.

Cellular ATP is mainly generated through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, which is dependent on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We have previously demonstrated the importance of oocyte mtDNA for porcine and human fertilization. However, the role of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial replication factors during oocyte and embryo development is not yet understood. We have analyzed two key factors, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and polymerase gamma (POLG), to determine their role in oocyte and early embryo development. Competent and incompetent oocytes, as determined by brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) dye, were assessed intermittently during the maturation process for TFAM and POLG mRNA using real-time RT-PCR, for TFAM and POLG protein using immunocytochemistry, and for mtDNA copy number using real-time PCR. Analysis was also carried out following treatment of maturing oocytes with the mtDNA replication inhibitor, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC). Following in vitro fertilization, preimplantation embryos were also analyzed. Despite increased levels of TFAM and POLG mRNA and protein at the four-cell stage, no increase in mtDNA copy number was observed in early preimplantation development. To compensate for this, mtDNA appeared to be replicated during oocyte maturation. However, significant differences in nuclear-encoded regulatory protein expression were observed between BCB(+) and BCB(-) oocytes and between untreated oocytes and those treated with ddC. These changes resulted in delayed mtDNA replication, which correlated to reduced fertilization and embryonic development. We therefore conclude that adherence to the regulation of the timing of mtDNA replication during oocyte maturation is essential for successful embryonic development

Risk assessment of dioxins, furans, and dioxin-like PCBs in food in Norway - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment

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