Vårdpersonalens syn på äldres sexualitet

Sundqvist, K & Svensson, A. Vårdpersonalens syn på äldres sexualitet. En intervjustudie. Examensarbete i omvårdnad 15 hp. Malmö högskola: Hälsa och Samhälle, Utbildningsområde omvårdnad, 2011. Sexualitet hos äldre är ett väldigt aktuellt ämne men förhållandevis lite forskning har gjorts på personalens syn på detta. Därför har en empirisk intervjustudie gjorts för att belysa vårdpersonalens syn på äldres sexualitet. Syftet med studien var att belysa vårdpersonals tankar och reflektioner i mötet med äldres sexualitet på ett vårdboende. Metod: En deskriptiv fenomenologisk intervjumetod som beskrivs av Robinson och Englander för insamling av data och analys har använts. Intervjuer med vårdpersonal som jobbar på ett vårdboende har genomförts. Resultat: Resultatet redovisas i olika teman som grundar sig på informanternas upplevda situationer samt tankar och reflektioner. Dessa teman är: behov, tabu, anhöriga, dokumentation, nästa generation, stöd och osäkerhet.Sundqvist, K & Svensson, A. Nursing staff´s views on elderly people´s sexuality. An interview study. Degree Project in nursing 15 Credit Points. Malmö University: Health and Society, Department of Nursing, 2011. Sexuality related to elderly people is very current topic but there is not a lot of research on the staff´s views. Therefore, an empirical interview study is conducted to find out nursing staff´s views on elderly people´s sexuality. The aim of this study is to find out the nursing staff´s thoughts and reflections on older people’s sexuality on a nursing home. Methodology: Robinson and Englander have described a phenomenological interview method for data collection and the data that has been collected has been interpreted and analyzed on the above findings. For these project nursing staff´s that are working at a nursing home has been interviewed. Results: The results are reported in various themes based on informant´s perceived situations as well as thoughts and reflections. The themes that are used are based on informant´s perceived situations as well as thoughts and reflections. These themes are: needs, taboo, relatives, documentation, the next generation, support and uncertainty

Vad menar de egentligen? : En komparativ semantisk textanalys av nationella och lokala uppnåendemål i moderna språk i grundskolan

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur den nationella kursplanen i moderna språk år nio kan tolkas i en lokal kursplan samt tolkningens konsekvenser för eleven i fråga om kravnivå. Materialet bestod av en lokal kursplan samt den nationella kursplanen och det analyserades genom komparativ semantisk textanalys och encyklopedisk definition. Resultatet visade att den lokala tolkningen leder till förändring i betydelse och till förändrad kravnivå för eleven. Studiens resultat stödjer tidigare forskning som säger att lokala målformuleringar är problematiska

Antibiotic treatment with one single dose of gentamicin at admittance in addition to a β-lactam antibiotic in the treatment of community-acquired bloodstream infection with sepsis.

BackgroundCombination therapy in the treatment of sepsis, especially the value of combining a β-Lactam antibiotic with an aminoglycoside, has been discussed. This retrospective cohort study including patients with sepsis or septic shock aimed to investigate whether one single dose of gentamicin at admittance (SGA) added to β-Lactam antibiotic could result in a lower risk of mortality than β-Lactam monotherapy, without exposing the patient to the risk of nephrotoxicity.Methods and findingsAll patients with positive blood cultures were evaluated for participation (n = 1318). After retrospective medical chart review, a group of patients with community-acquired sepsis with positive blood cultures who received β-Lactam antibiotic with or without the addition of SGA (n = 399) were included for the analysis. Mean age was 74.6 yrs. (range 19-98) with 216 (54%) males. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA score) median was 3 (interquartile range [IQR] 2-5) and the median Charlson Comorbidity Index for the whole group was 2 (IQR 1-3). Sixty-seven (67) patients (17%) had septic shock. The 28-day mortality in the combination therapy group was 10% (20 of 197) and in the monotherapy group 22% (45 of 202), adjusted HR 3.5 (95% CI (1.9-6.2), p = ConclusionThis retrospective observational study including patients with community-acquired sepsis or septic shock and positive blood cultures, who meet Sepsis-3 criteria, shows that the addition of one single dose of gentamicin to β-lactam treatment at admittance was associated with a decreased risk of mortality and was not associated with AKI. This antibiotic regime may be an alternative to broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment of community-acquired sepsis. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these results

Patchy field sampling biases understanding of climate change impacts across the Arctic

Effective societal responses to rapid climate change in the Arctic rely on an accurate representation of region-specific ecosystem properties and processes. However, this is limited by the scarcity and patchy distribution of field measurements. Here, we use a comprehensive, geo-referenced database of primary field measurements in 1,840 published studies across the Arctic to identify statistically significant spatial biases in field sampling and study citation across this globally important region. We find that 31% of all study citations are derived from sites located within 50 km of just two research sites: Toolik Lake in the USA and Abisko in Sweden. Furthermore, relatively colder, more rapidly warming and sparsely vegetated sites are under-sampled and under-recognized in terms of citations, particularly among microbiology-related studies. The poorly sampled and cited areas, mainly in the Canadian high-Arctic archipelago and the Arctic coastline of Russia, constitute a large fraction of the Arctic ice-free land area. Our results suggest that the current pattern of sampling and citation may bias the scientific consensuses that underpin attempts to accurately predict and effectively mitigate climate change in the region. Further work is required to increase both the quality and quantity of sampling, and incorporate existing literature from poorly cited areas to generate a more representative picture of Arctic climate change and its environmental impacts

arctic review database_Metcalfe.xlsx

Meta-analysis of the spatial distribution and environmental properties present at sampling locations of published papers on environmental science above 66.3 oN latitude (the arctic circle). The dataset consists of 1,840 cited articles featuring 6,246 sampling locations and 58,215 citations. The articles were selected Each paper has been broadly classified by habitat sampled and discipline featured. For each sampling location, public databases have been used to extract location-specific mean annual temperature, predicted change in mean annual temperature, fAPAR and recorded changed in fAPAR

EUCAST rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (RAST) in blood cultures: Validation in 55 european laboratories

© The Author(s) 2020.Objectives: When bloodstream infections are caused by resistant bacteria, rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (RAST) is important for adjustment of therapy. The EUCAST RAST method, directly from positive blood cultures, was validated in a multi-laboratory study in Europe. Methods: RAST was performed in 40 laboratories in northern Europe (NE) and 15 in southern Europe (SE) from clinical blood cultures positive for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pneumoniae. Categorical results at 4, 6 and 8 h of incubation were compared with results for EUCAST standard 16–20 h disc diffusion. The method, preliminary breakpoints and the performance of the laboratories were evaluated. Results: The total number of isolates was 833/318 in NE/SE. The number of zone diameters that could be read (88%, 96% and 99%) and interpreted (70%, 81% and 85%) increased with incubation time (4, 6 and 8 h). The categorical agreement was acceptable, with total error rates in NE/SE of 2.4%/4.9% at 4 h, 1.1%/3.5% at 6 h and 1.1%/3.3% at 8 h. False susceptibility at 4, 6 and 8 h of incubation was below 0.3% and 1.1% in NE and SE, respectively, and the corresponding percentages for false resistance were below 1.9% and 2.8%. After fine-tuning breakpoints, more zones could be interpreted (73%, 89% and 93%), with only marginally affected error rates. Conclusions: The EUCAST RAST method can be implemented in routine laboratories without major investments. It provides reliable antimicrobial susceptibility testing results for relevant bloodstream infection pathogens after 4–6 h of incubation