Enhancing students’ creativity in problem-solving through online reading-concept mapping-group investigation

Enhancement of students’ creativity and problem-solving is essential to science education. The learning accentuating students’ interaction to generate creative ideas becomes the ideal forum for developing those two skills. This study aims to amplify the current understanding of the effects of readingconcept mapping (Remap)–cooperative learning on college students’ creative and problem-solving skills. For cooperative learning, we used group investigation (GI). This study involved 60 college students from three Biology Education classes. Further, each class consists of 20 students with Remap-GI, GI, and conventional learning. The analysis results suggested that the creativity and problem-solving skills of students from all classes increased, with the most significant increase observed in students attending Remap-GI class which also presented substantial differences from the other two classes. In conclusion, GI presents positive effects in enhancing prospective teachers’ skills. However, an additional structured program (Remap) is still required to improve the future teachers’ contribution to their group

Exploring curiosity and critical thinking skills for prospective biology teacher

Curiosity and critical thinking as one of the characteristics and skills developed in the goals of Indonesian education and 21st-century learning. Curiosity is a driving force for intrinsic motivation to explore behavior and gain new understanding and knowledge through observation. Curiosity and critical thinking skills are the needs of every individual to explore sciences such as biology. This study’s aim is to explore the curiosity and critical thinking skills of prospective biology teacher students. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with a survey method. The sample of this study amounted to 150 students who were taken using purposive random sampling. Curiosity data was collected using science curiosity in learning environments (SCILE) and critical thinking skills were collected using the developed instrument. The data obtained were analyzed using the partial least square program to determine the contribution of gender to scientific curiosity (SC) and critical thinking skills. The results of the analysis show that gender contributes directly to critical thinking skills through SC on the stretching indicator. In general, SC needs to do research to find out the contribution of each critical thinking

PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN DIAGNOSTIK UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI MISKONSEPSI MATERI JARINGAN TUMBUHAN DAN HEWAN PADA SISWA SMA/MA DI JAWA TIMUR

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan instrumen diagnostik untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi siswa pada materi jaringan tumbuhan dan hewan di Jawa Timur. Miskonsepsi penting untuk diidentifikasi agar tidak menghambat proses belajar siswa selanjutnya. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah soal pilihan ganda berasalan terbuka sebanyak 30 butir yang telah memenuhi kriteria valid. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 117 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata persentase miskonsepsi materi jaringan tumbuhan sebesar 19,75%, sedangkan pada materi jaringan hewan sebesar 13,83%. Tindak lanjut yang dapat dilakukan untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah menghasilkan instrumen diagnostik yang lebih akurat dalam mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi, serta menambah sampel penelitian di daerah lain

Reflections on the Success Biology Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Developing Student Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy

Biology Entrepreneurship Education has become a mandatory course that imparts a distinct characteristic to its graduates. There is an expectation that students will possess an entrepreneurial spirit and immediately establish businesses upon graduation. However, entrepreneurship education often leaves a gap between expectations and real-world outcomes. This research aims to elucidate reflections on the success of education on Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. We conducted a case study involving students who have completed the biology entrepreneurship course. Twenty students were selected based on specific criteria for in-depth interviews. The findings indicate that all students reported an enhancement in Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, including proficiency in business searching, business planning, business marshalling, and implementation. Additionally, it was observed that a substantial number of college graduates do not pursue entrepreneurship after graduation. Field findings reveal that graduates from entrepreneurial backgrounds are more likely to continue entrepreneurial ventures after graduation. Further research can be conducted to evaluate entrepreneurship education programs focusing on specific post-graduation achievements and the factors influencing graduates in pursuing entrepreneurial endeavours

PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN SOAL ESSAY TIPE HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) MATERI STRUKTUR JARINGAN DAN FUNGSI ORGAN PADA TUMBUHAN KELAS XI SMAN 1 TUMPANG

Kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi (Higher order thinking skills /HOTS) penting bagi siswa untuk memenuhi kompetensi abad ke-21. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan, menguji validitas, kepraktisan,  reliabilitas, dan keefektifan instrumen tes kognitif tipe HOTS, RPP, dan LKS materi struktur jaringan dan fungsi organ pada tumbuhan. Produk dikembangkan dengan model ADDIE. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu produk sangat valid, sangat praktis, reliabel, dan efektif dalam mengukur dan melatih HOTS. Saran dari penelitian ini yaitu produk perlu dikembangkan pada materi lain, memperbanyak jumlah subjek uji coba, ditambahkan dimensi proses, dan ditambahkan gambar tangan

Phylogeny and estimated genetic divergence times of banana cultivars (Musa spp.) from Java Island by maturase K (matK) genes

Background: The identifcation of banana cultivars genome is needed to provide a valid identity from the accession of bananas which are used as basic data in the management of in situ and ex situ banana conservation as well as for further breeding of banana cultivars. Results: The size of PCR-amplifed matK ranged from 844 to 860 bp and showed a high variability. The haplotype diversity was 0.9048 with nine haplotypes. Haplotype distribution map revealed the lineage patterns of banana cultivars from Java. Reconstruction of genetic relationships using the maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference algorithms produces tree topologies and classifcations that are grouped according to their genomic groups, into three main clades, i.e., AA/AAA, AAB and ABB. Based on the previously derived age constraints and fossil data, we estimate (Musaceae) that genetic divergence times of all samples occurred during the Eocene (95% HPD: 51.9 Mya), Musa acuminata group (AA, AAA, AAB) with Musa balbisiana group (BB and ABB) occurred during the Oligocene (95% HPD: 26 Mya), and the separation on each banana cultivars occurred during the Middle Miocene to Pliocene (95% HPD: 16.5–2.5 Mya). Conclusions: From this study, we conclude that all studied cultivars are closely related according to its genomic groups with high variation. Genetic variation among those cultivars creates nine haplotypes. The development of variety which leads to the formation of diferent banana cultivars had suggested to be occurred long ago along with human migration and domestication

PEMANTAPAN MATERI PLANTAE BAGI GURU SMA LAB UM DAN MGMP SE-MALANG RAYA

Pembelajaran abad 21 diharapkan menghasilkan generasi yang produktif, kreatif, inovatif, dan mandiri. Permasalahan yang ditemukan di kelompok sasaran adalah guru mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami KD tentang materi Plantae, mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran materi Plantae, serta menentukan metode dan media pembelajaran. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman materi, mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran, serta menentukan metode dan media pembelajaran materi Plantae. Metode yang diterapkan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pelatihan dan workshop. Luaran dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah perangkat pembelajaran materi Plantae meliputi RPP, LKS, instrumen penilaian, bahan ajar, kunci identifikasi, dan foto herbarium basah dan kering. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa hasil pelatihan dan workshop yang telah diujicobakan oleh guru kepada siswa dapat meningkatkan keaktifan siswa

Identification and Histological Observation of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Medicinal Plant, Physalis angulata L.

Some endophytic fungi species live in medicinal plant tissue and does not make any damage, but live in symbiotic mutualism relationship with the host plant. This research was done to: 1) identify the endophytic fungi species isolated from P. angulata leaf, twig, and stem bark tissues, 2) determine the endophytic fungi colonization in the P. angulata plant tissue by histologic observation. The endophytic fungi was isolated from healthy P. angulata plant parts, then inoculated on Potato Dextrose Agar medium and incubated in 27°C for 7-14 days. Each endophytic fungi isolates were identified. The histologic observation was done by microscopic observation to determine the endophytic fungi position in the plant tissue. The conclusion are: 1) seven endophytic fungi species were found: Penicillium verrucosum, Colletotrichum alienum, Fusarium subglutinans, Aspergillus nidulans, Mycelia sterilia 1, Mycelia sterilia 2, and Rhizoctonia sp.; 2) the endophytic fungi micelium was found on the leaf epidermis cell wall, on the twig epidermis cell wall, and parenchyma cell wall, on the stem bark epidermis cell wall. The suggestion of the study: it is need to make the next research about secondary metabolites content produced by endophytic fungi species isolated from P. angulata and their antimicrobial activity

Karakteristik Pola Perkembangan Bunga, Buah, Biji, dan Pematahan Dormansi Lerak (Sapindus rarak DC.)

Sapindus rarak DC., nama lokal lerak, adalah penghasil saponin yang merupakan anggota familia Sapindaceae. Tumbuhan lerak mempunyai prospek yang potensial untuk dikembangkan. Kulit buah lerak digunakan sebagai deterjen tradisional, biopestisida, dan di bidang kesehatan. Sapindus rarak tumbuh liar di hutan dan belum dibudidayakan. Dalam upaya peningkatan produksi tumbuhan diperlukan pengetahuan dasar biologi reproduksi. Bunga mempunyai peran penting dalam produksi tanaman. Pengetahuan dasar yang penting untuk diketahui adalah morfologi perkembangan bunga lerak. Biji Sapindus rarak dan spesies lain dalam genus yang sama tingkat perkecambahan yang rendah, tidak merata dan membutuhkan waktu lama. Biji genus Sapindus mempunyai tipe dormansi fisik dan atau fisiologi. Tingkat perkecambahan biji genus Sapindus dapat meningkat setelah diberi perlakuan pengamplasan dan perendaman dalam air panas, asam klorida, dan zat pengatur tumbuh. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif eksploratif untuk mengamati morfologi perkembangan bunga lerak. Pola perbungaan ditentukan dengan mengamati sebanyak lima perbungaan dari enam individu dengan panjang perbungaan 25 cm. Pengamatan meliputi jumlah kuncup bunga mekar, jenis kelamin bunga, dan susunan bunga. Panjang dan lebar kuncup bunga diukur pada satu individu pohon dengan 3 perbungaan. Setelah diperoleh kuncup dengan panjang 0,2 mm diamati setiap hari sampai 1 minggu, selanjutnya setiap dua hari sekali sampai bunga mekar (35 hari). Pengaruh perlakuan pematahan dormansi biji secara fisik dan kimia terhadap perkecambahan lerak dievaluasi dengan mengecambahkan biji lerak dalam nampan berisi campuran tanah kebun dan pasir dengan perbandingan 1 : 1. Setiap nampan berisi 30 biji dengan tiga ulangan yang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Perlakuan fisik dan kimia yang dikaji adalah pengamplasan, lama perendaman biji dalam air panas pada suhu berbeda, lama perendaman biji dalam tiga konsentrasi asam klorida, dan konsentrasi dan lama perendaman biji dalam giberelin. Data perkecambahan diperoleh dari pengamatan setiap hari selama 90 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi persentase perkecambahan dan rerata waktu berkecambah

The Contribution of Epistemic Curiosity and its Relevance to Science Process Skills on Biology Prospective Teacher

The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of epistemic curiosity (EC) to the science process skills (SPS) of prospective biology teachers. Ex post facto research design with research subjects 32 students of the third-semester biology education study program at the Mandalika University of Education. Samples were taken using the purposive sampling method. The instruments used were the State Curiosity Scale (SCS) to collect epistemic curiosity data, Student Worksheets, and the Science Process Skills rubric to collect SPS. The results showed that the magnitude of the correlation value or R relationship was 0.600. From the output, the coefficient of determination (R Square) was 0.359, this shows that EC is correlated with SPS. Meanwhile, in terms of the results of simple regression analysis, it was found that the variable X (EC) obtained the value of t-count = 4.103 > 1.697 t-table and sig. = 0.000 < 5%. This means that the EC variable contributes significantly to the SPS variable. The results obtained have not been able to describe the contribution of EC to each SPS indicator, so further research needs to analyze the contribution of EC to each SPS indicato