The progress of reason as an end of social rationality in Kant?

The essay investigates whether from a Kantian perspective, we can gain insights for a deeper understanding of the concept of social rationality. One strength of Kant's approach is to distinguish from a concept of mere formal rationality an emphatic account of reason as a faculty of human beings, anchored in human nature and destined to be fully developed. By distinguishing two dimensions in which the progress of reason is seen by Kant as the highest aim of nature – first, as ultimate end of nature, then, as final end of nature –, we can achieve an extended concept of social rationality, denoting not only a means for the promotion of the progress of reason but also the heuristic idea of a social reason itself, a kind of social reasonableness

Interesting Case Where the Heat Flow Increases the Heat Conductivity of a Fluid (Abstract)

If the molecules in liquid crystalline para-azoxyanisol are oriented by a magnetic field, the coefficient of heat conduction is thereby increased by (roughly) twenty-five per cent. The orientation of the molecules produces also orientation of the swarms, often called liquid crystals. Using the results of this experiment in conjunction with earlier experiments in which the flow of heat has also an orienting effect, one can state that the flow of heat decreases the coefficient of heat conduction

Digital scriptum – novel approach of student experiment preparation

[EN] In mechanical engineering, students pass several seminars aiming at selfconducted experiments and trials. In the ELLI project (Excellent Teaching and Learning in Engineering Science), different virtual and remote laboratories have been installed within the three engineering departments at the Ruhr-University Bochum. The preparation in a classic experiment is usually done with a classic paper print scriptum. This is not suitable for a virtual or remote laboratory, since, amongst others, no supervision is provided. Due to that, a classic scriptum has been transferred in a digital scriptum based on the Open Source software “Adapt Learning” and has been extended by various implemented digital items. This contribution is discussing preliminary student experiences and identified prospective improvements. It turns out that the digital scriptum is suitable for the preparation of virtual and remote laboratories but can be an excellent alternative to the classic printout scriptum in a student experiment in a hands on laboratory as well.http://ocs.editorial.upv.es/index.php/HEAD/HEAD18Roß, N.; Kuska, R.; Rieth, I.; Frerich, S. (2018). Digital scriptum – novel approach of student experiment preparation. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1263-1270. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAD18.2018.8188OCS1263127

Le souverain en images dans la Sicile normande

Au cœur de la Méditerranée, la Sicile a toujours été un territoire stratégique d’un point de vue à la fois politique et commercial. Au xiie siècle, sous les Normands, l’île connaît une des périodes les plus florissantes de son histoire, donnant naissance à une civilisation originale marquée par les différentes communautés et par le phénomène d’acculturation. La conquête de la Sicile par les Normands s’achève en 1091 avec la prise de la dernière place forte arabe, la ville de Noto. Elle s’exer..

Projekt ‚Integration‘

Project ‚Integration‘. Berlin District Mothers and the negociation of integration policies The topic of integration is fiercely disputed and influenced by various racisms. This is manifested in social debates as well as the implementation of policies. In her ethnographic case study, Sulamith Hamra examines the complex dimensions of urban integration policies using the example of four so-called district mothers projects in Berlin. The study focuses on negotiation processes relating to the actual implementation of those projects as well as their importance for the policy of integration and representation. It follows and describes the Berlin district mothers projects over the course of more than ten years and reveals their logics and inconsistencies. The study thereby highlights the issues caused by a lack of access to the labour market as well as the significance of the way integration policies are represented in politics and the media

Implementation of International Master’s Programmes in Engineering Education in Germany

[EN] This paper introduces the framework conditions of the internationalization process of the higher education system in Germany and gives an overview of the implementation of international Master’s programmes in engineering education and the characteristics of student migrants in this field of studies. Developments on the macro-level clearly indicate political interest to attract more international students for German universities and the technical disciplines in Germany are already very successful in this endeavour. With a special focus on higher education reforms in engineering, this paper is based on an investigation directed at the meso-level, the motivations and strategies at the level of university and faculties for establishing such international study programmes. The results of a qualitative study will be presented that was conducted at the engineering faculties of the Ruhr-Universität in Bochum between December 2014 and August 2015. With the overall aim of investigating in how far the decisions made on university and faculty levels are related to the general political endeavors to attract international talent, the different stakeholders’ interests and implementation strategies such as language policy were consideredStrenger, N.; Frerich, S. (2016). Implementation of International Master’s Programmes in Engineering Education in Germany. En 2nd. International conference on higher education advances (HEAD'16). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 152-159. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAD16.2015.2617OCS15215

Ventajas Competitivas y Exportación de quinua orgánica de los Agroexportadores del departamento de Apurímac 2016

La investigación realizada tuvo como objetivo principal determinar si existe relación entre las Ventajas Competitivas y Exportación de quinua orgánica de los Agroexportadores del departamento de Apurímac. El tipo de investigación fue aplicada, nivel de investigación correlacional y diseño de investigación no experimental. Se utilizó como población a 35 empresas Agroexportadoras de quinua orgánica en el departamento de Apurímac, y el tamaño de la muestra calculada fue de 32. La validez del instrumento se obtuvo mediante juicio de expertos y la confiabilidad con el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. La recolección de datos se obtuvo a través de 2 cuestionarios con 40 ítems con escala de 5 categorías. El análisis de los datos se hizo utilizando el programa estadístico SPSS versión 22.0, llegando a evidenciar que no existe relación entre las Ventajas Competitivas y Exportación de quinua orgánica de los Agroexportadores del departamento de Apurímac 2016

Projektorientierte Seminare: Praxiserfahrungen für Studierende des Lehramts Technik

In der Ingenieurdidaktik der Technischen Universität Dortmund lernen Lehramtsstudierende projektorientiert. Dabei werden Schwerpunkte vorgegeben, die Studierende anhand eigenständig formulierter Projektziele bearbeiten. Abschließend bewerten und präsentieren sie ihre Ergebnisse. Diese Form des Lernens ist für die Berufstätigkeit der Studierenden bedeutsam, da Technikunterricht häufig projektorientiert gestaltet wird. Der Beitrag stellt Ergebnisse bisheriger Seminardurchgänge vor

Distrofia muscular Duchenne

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el caso clínico de un paciente masculino de 13 años de edad, oriundo de la ciudad de Archidona, quien fue diagnosticado de distrofia muscular de Duchenne a la edad de 7 años, actualmente en tratamiento con Prednisona e IECAS como cardioprotector. Tenemos que tomar en cuenta que la Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne es un tipo de patología neuromuscular hereditaria progresiva, que se manifiesta en la infancia; 1 de cada 3500 a 6000 niños varones la presentan. La distrofina es una proteína propia de la estructura muscular, codificada por un gen que se ubica en el cromosoma X en la región p21 de su brazo corto; dicho gen puede provocar la pérdida parcial o total de la proteína cuando presenta mutaciones causando distrofia muscular y otro tipo de enfermedades relacionadas como la Distrofia Muscular de Becker, la que se considera como una distrofinopatía leve. Se considera a estas patologías como discapacitante ya que se caracterizan por un deterioro progresivo de los músculos, que conlleva a complicaciones cardiorespiratorias cuando se encuentra en etapas avanzadas y pueden ser las causas principales de la muerte del paciente. La edad media de diagnóstico es de 4,83 años, pero, es posible realizar un diagnóstico precoz, debido a que este tipo de distrofia se considera dentro del grupo de enfermedades huérfanas ya que son poco conocida y mal diagnosticadas o diagnosticadas de forma tardía ya que los médicos de primer y segundo nivel de atención en salud restan importancia a la sintomatología, ya que muchos de ellos la desconocen. Por lo que la derivación oportuna a médico especialista e inicio de tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico debe iniciarse lo más rápido posible, a edades tempranas para evitar la degeneración acelerada de la musculatura de miembros superiores, inferiores, corazón y pulmones.The objective of this work was to analyze the clinical case of a 13-year-old male patient from the city of Archidona, who was diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy at the age of 7 years, currently under treatment with Prednisone and IECAS as cardioprotector. We have to take into account that Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a type of progressive hereditary neuromuscular pathology, which manifests itself in childhood; 1 out of every 3500 to 6000 male children present it. Dystrophin is a protein specific to the muscle structure, encoded by a gene that is located on the X chromosome in the p21 region of its short arm; This gene can cause the partial or total loss of the protein when it presents mutations causing muscular dystrophy and other types of related diseases such as Becker Muscular Dystrophy, which is considered as a mild dystrophinopathy. These pathologies are considered as disabling because they are characterized by the muscles, which leads to cardiorespiratory complications when a progressive deterioration is in advanced stages and can be the main causes of the death of the patient. The average age of diagnosis is 4.83 years, but it is possible to make an early diagnosis, because this type of dystrophy is considered within the group of orphan diseases since they are little known and poorly diagnosed or diagnosed late. That the first and second level health care doctors downplay the symptomatology, since many of them do not know about it. Therefore, timely referral to a specialist doctor and initiation of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment should be initiated as quickly as possible, at an early age to avoid accelerated degeneration of the musculature of the upper and lower limbs, heart and lungs

Auditoría de gestión a la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito 29 de Octubre Ltda. de la agencia Macas, provincia de Morona Santiago, periodo 2017

El presente trabajo propone la realización de una Auditoría de Gestión a la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito 29 de Octubre Ltda. de la Agencia Macas, Provincia de Morona Santiago, Periodo 2017, con la finalidad del cumplimiento de los procesos y los niveles de eficiencia, eficacia, economía con los que realiza sus actividades. Las técnicas de investigación que se utilizaron fueron la observación para la verificación del uso de estos registros se pudo efectuar anotaciones de la información administrativa para posteriormente evaluar los procesos; las encuestas que fueron aplicadas a los empleados de la COAC con relación a los métodos preventivos que utilizan para la protección de la información financiera y entrevistas dirigidas al Jefe de Agencia, para conocer de manera detallada los procesos que se desarrollan en los servicios que ofrecen. Los hallazgos encontrados fueron: deficiencias dentro de la agencia lo que impide mejorar el desempeño de los empleados de la cooperativa, no cuenta con una evaluación a la calidad tanto individual como colectiva, es decir de las personas responsables de la administración, falta de ejecución de una auditoría de gestión los empleados desconocen la calidad del trabajo ejecutado y si este cumple con las normas establecidas en la parte legal e interna. Al finalizar el trabajo de auditoría se elaboró un informe final donde contiene conclusiones y recomendaciones al personal administrativo con la finalidad de mejorar la eficiencia, eficacia y economía en la gestión de la COAC.The current work proposes the fulfillment of a Management Audit to the “Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito 29 de Octubre Ltda.”, of the Macas Agency in Morona Santiago province, Period 2017, to verify the processes efficiency levels, effectiveness and the economy with which it carries out its activities. The investigation techniques that were used were the observation for the verification of the use of these records, annotations of the administrative information could be made to later evaluate the processes; the surveys that were applied to COAC employees in relation to the preventive methods they use for the protection of financial information and interviews addressed to the Head of Agency, to know in detail the processes that are developed in the services they offer. The findings were: deficiencies within the agency which prevents improving the performance of the employees of the cooperative, does not have an evaluation of both individual and collective quality, that is, of the people responsible for the administration, lack of execution of A management audit employees do not know the quality of the work performed and if it complies with the rules established in the legal and internal part. At the end of the audit work, a final report was prepared to contain conclusions and recommendations to the administrative staff to improve efficiency, effectiveness, and economy in the management of the COAC