Menata Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia

Kerangka acuan pemikiran dalam penataan dan pengembangan sistem pendidikan Islam, harus mampu mengakomodasikan berbagai pandangan secara selektif sehingga terdapat keterpaduan dalam konsep, yaitu : Pertama, pendidikan harus membangun prinsip kesetaraan antara sektor pendidikan dengan sektor-sektor lain. Kedua, pendidikan merupakan wahana pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan mengutamakan penciptaan dan pemeliharaan sumber yang berpengaruh, seperti keluarga, sekolah, media massa, dan dunia usaha. Ketiga, prinsip pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan segenap institusi sosial yang ada di dalamnya, terutama institusi yang dilekatkan dengan fungsi mendidik generasi penerus bangsa. Keempat, prinsip kemandirian dalam pendidikan dan prinsip pemerataan menurut warga negara secara individual maupun kolektif untuk memiliki kemampuan bersaing dan sekaligus kemampuan bekerja sama. Kelima, dalam kondisi masyarakat pluralistik diperlukan prinsip toleransi dan konsensus. Keenam, prinsip perencanaan pendidikan. Ketujuh, prinsip rekonstruksionis, bahwa kondisi masyarakat selalu menghendaki Perubahan mendasar. Kedelapan, prinsip pendidikan berorientasi pada peserta didik. Kesembilan, prinsip pendidikan multicultural, Kesepuluh, pendidikan dengan prinsip global, artinya pendidikan harus berperan dan harus menyiapkan peserta didik dalam konstelasi masyarakat global

Preventing Radicalism: Islamic Moderation and Revitalization in the Border

The growing radical and extreme ideologies recently are not only a concern but also a threat to the social relations of harmony and human peace, including in the border region of Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan. It is important to spread moderate Islamic teaching to counter this extreme ideology to the people in the border region of Kapuas Hulu. This research examines the roles of religious leaders and religious institutions in disseminating moderate Islam in the border region of Kapuas Hulu to counter the growing influence of radical-extremism. This research employs a qualitative method and the data from field research is presented descriptively. This research shows that religious leaders and religious institutions exist in almost every sub-district in the border region. They teach messages of Islamic moderation that include four principles namely the concept of tawasuth-moderate, tawazun-equality, tasamuh-tolerant, and i`tidal. This principle must be strengthened as a foundation in behaving, acting, speaking, socializing, and living in the Indonesian nation and state. It is on these values and principles that religious leaders and religious institutions reinforce their role in preaching, guiding and fostering people in the border region

Mediation Analysis Using the Hierarchical Multiple Regression Technique: A Study of the Mediating Roles of World-Class Performance in Operations

The changing environment in an organization is forcing the organization to find a plan of integrated management framework and adequate performance measurement. Failure to plan basically means planning failure for the business. Finding the critical factors of quality management practices (QMP), themediating roles of the contextual factors of world-class performance in operations (i.e., world-class company practices or WCC, operational excellence practices or OE, company nonfinancial performance or CNFP), and the company financial performance would enable the company to facilitate the sustainability of TQM implementation model.This empirical study aims to assess how TQM—a holistic management philosophy initially developed by W. Edward Deming, which integrates improvement strategy, management practices, and organizational performance—is specifically implemented in the oil and gas companies operating in Indonesia. Relevant literature on the TQM, the world-class performance in operations (world-class company and operational performance), the company performance (financial and non-financial performances), and the amendments of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia concerning the oil and gas industry, and related research on how the oil and gas industry in Indonesia develops sustainable competitive advantage and sustainable development programs are reviewed in details in our study. The findings from data analysis provide evidence that there is a strong positive relationship between the critical factors of quality management practices and the company financial performance mediated by the three mediating variables, i.e., world-class company practices, operational excellence practices, and company non-financial performance

Choice of delivery positions among multiparous women in Kano

Background: Confining women to hospital bed with limited power of movement and involvement of decision making during labor process and  restricting them to supine position in second stage of labor might contribute significantly to aversion to hospital delivery. Objective: To determine the different delivery positions women take during home delivery. Method: This was a cross sectional survey among 285 multiparous women who had vaginal delivery of life singleton babies. They were interviewed using questionnaire at Murtala Muhammad Specialist hospital Kano on choices of delivery position. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee of the state. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS Version 19. Qualitative data were summarized using frequencies and percentages. Chi (χ2) test was used for categorical data. A P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age (±SD) of the respondents was 28.9 ± 7.12 years. Majority of the women that delivered at home assumed the squatting  position for delivery (60%) and were mainly assisted by traditional birth attendants (TBA) (41.3%). Over 50% of those that delivered at home were instructed to take the position they delivered in by their assistants at delivery while those that chose their position by themselves did that because they felt more comfortable in that position (85%). Over 80% of those that were instructed to take a position at delivery did not ask their assistant the reason for advising on that position. There was statistically significant association between educational level and right to decide in which positionto deliver the baby (χ²=28.517, P = 0.000). Conclusion: Squatting position was the most assumed position following home delivery. There was statistically significant association between educational level and right to decide in which position to deliver the baby. Key words: Choices; delivery position; multiparous women; Nigeria; vaginal birth

Effect of drying methods, solid-solvent ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature on phenolic antioxidants and antioxidant activity of Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel (Combretaceae) leaves water extract

Hot water extract of Guiera senegalensis leaves is used traditionally by women in Katsina State, Nigeria during postpartum period for general wellbeing. However the preparation of this beverage has not been optimized so far, which may underestimate its health benefit potentials. In this study, the effects of drying methods (air, oven and sun), solid- solvent ratio (1:10- 1:30), extraction time (30- 180 min) and extraction temperature (25- 85°C) on phenolic antioxidants and antioxidant activity of G. senegalensis were studied using Single Factor Experiment (SFE). Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) assays were used to determine the phenolic antioxidants. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring scavenging effect on 2,2ꞌ- diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) using phosphomolybdate assay. Results showed that extraction conditions significantly (P<0.05) affect phenolic antioxidants extraction and antioxidant properties of G. senegalensis leaves water extract. The optimal conditions were air drying using 1:10 solid – solvent ratio for 60 minutes at 40°C with values of 2720.37 mg QE/g DW for TFC, 1431.74mg GAE/100g DW for TPC, 96.73% for DPPH scavenging, 2797.04mg AAE/100g DW for FRAP and 1144.49mg AAE/100g DW for TAC. TFC was found to be significantly correlated with TAC (r2= 0.851; P<0.01) and TPC with DPPH (r2= 0.732: P<0.05) under the influence of drying methods. TFC was also significantly correlated with TAC (r2= 0.683; P<0.01) and DPPH (r2= 0.538; P<0.01) under the effect of solid- solvent ratio. Negative significant correlations were found between TFC and FRAP (r2= -0.369; P<0.01), DPPH and FRAP (r2= -0.591; P<0.01) under the influence of extraction temperature. However, poor correlations were observed among all variables under the influence of extraction time

Antidepressant-like Effect of Extracts From Urtica Dioica in Mice Model of Depression

Urtica dioica (Stinging nettle) leaves have been used as a traditional medicine to treatrheumatoid arthritis, to alleviate rheumatic pain benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), diuretic and prevention of kidney stones by local people in Middle East region especially in Iran, Turkey and East Europe. Hence, this investigation evaluates the antidepressant effect of selected crude extracts in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST), two models predictive of antidepressant activity. The acute treatment of mice with extracts by intra-peritoneal (i.p.) route significantly reduced the immobility time in the FST (50 and 100 mg/kg) and TST (50 and 100 mg/kg), as compared to positive controls (haloperidol and fluoxetine) at 1 and 10 mg/kg, respectively. On the third day of experiment, a significant decrease of mobility was observed for chloroform extract (CE I) and butanol extract (BE II) compared to first day. CE I and BE II led to reduction of immobility time, as the selected extracts with two doses administered were different compared to the control, in the FST method by 65.37% and53.92% for 100 mg/kg, respectively. However, CE I showed the best result compared to our positive controls. Similar results of increased antidepressant effect, that was, of immobility time depending on the concentration administered, were obtained with the TST method. Also our data showed that there was no significant differences between doses (50 and 100 mg/kg). The results suggested that the antidepressant action of the butanol extract and of U. dioica its fraction (BE II2) was mediated by an interaction with 5-hydroxytrptamine (5-HT). U. dioica showed a potential source for the isolation of important natural products with antidepressant-like properties. However, further studies are still require

Outcome of tracheostomy after pediatric cardiac surgery

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the incidence, timing indications and outcome of tracheotomy in children who underwent cardiac surgeries.MethodsAll pediatric cardiac patients (under 14years of age) who underwent cardiac surgeries and required tracheotomy from November 2000 to November 2010 were reviewed. The data were collected and reviewed retrospectively.ResultsSixteen children underwent tracheotomy after cardiac surgery. Fifteen of these cases had surgery for congenital heart disease, and one had surgery for an acquired rheumatic mitral valve disease. The mean±SEMs of the durations of ventilation before and after tracheotomy were 60.4±9.8 and 14.5±4.79days respectively (P value 0.0002). The means±SEM of the lengths of ICU stay before and after tracheotomy were 63.31±10.15 and 22±5.4days respectively (P value 0.0012). After the tracheotomy 12/16 patients (75%) were weaned from their ventilators and 10/16 were discharged from the PCICU. Six patients were discharged from the hospital and 3 were successfully decannulated. The overall survival rate was 9/16 (56%).ConclusionTracheostomy shortens the duration of mechanical ventilation and facilitates discharge from the ICU. The mortality of tracheotomy patients is still significant but is mainly related to the primary cardiac disease

Critical Node Detection for Voltage Collapse Mitigation in Modern Power Systems: A Network Topological-Based Approach

Quick detection of critical nodes has become a great concern to most investors and utilities recently due to its influence on prevention of the frequent occurrence of voltage collapse within a power network. This paper, therefore presents an option for detecting critical nodes, an approach which is based on the network topological characteristics of power networks. The mathematical formulations of the approach from the basic circuit theory laws were revisited. A Normalized Eigenvalue (NEV) index using eigenvalue and eigenvector analyses was then developed using MATLAB 2019b as the simulation tool. A simple 10-bus network was used to test the effectiveness of the NEV index method suggested in this paper. The NEV for all the network buses was determined and ranked in decreasing value of NEV to measure the criticality and vulnerability of each load node to voltage collapse within the system. Buses 6 had the highest value of NEV index (1.00) while bus 4 had the lowest NEV index (0.00) value. This suggested that there is a possibility of occurrence of over-voltage at bus 6 and undervoltage at bus 4. Therefore, buses 4 and 6 were identified as the critical buses, where placement of the reactive power support will be most beneficial. The results obtained were compared with those obtained using other methods documented in the literature. The comparison showed the effectiveness of the approach in quick identification of critical parts of the network most especially during critical outages

Solar Trap for Banana Drying Method

Food drying methods nowadays are mostly in high use of electricity and fuel which lead to high operational cost. This has resulted in a waste of energy and money due to the use of modern tools requires significant costs for implementation. Meanwhile, the traditional food drying process only uses sun rays in their process, where the process is far more efficient than the modern drying method. In this study, the test was conducted to determine the trapped solar heat energy requirements for the process of drying foods such as agricultural products, particularly bananas. The solar trap test by using solar trap container was carried out include determining the thermal energy requirement for drying, preparing equipment (solar trap container) to trap solar energy, handling and drying tests on samples of bananas. The percentage amount of water removal and energy required for the drying process was found to be 48% and 134 J. The results of this study can determine that solar trap drying method is easier, quicker and more effective than the usual method of drying because it use natural solar energy. Several proposals have been suggested for improvement for future study, such as controlling the solar trap air in the container, replacing the trap solar wall with a darker color, examining the floors slope so that more solar traps collected and installing a small hose on the base of the container so that the water evaporated in the solar trap may exit through the route