The Effects of Electronic Media on Children

Nowadays, mobile phone, the Internet, mp3 player are important parts of our lives. They have a great influence over all age groups. Gadget dependency especially concerns children who are affected a lot by all kinds of modern devices: they listen to loud music on headphones, watch cartoon close to the screen and spend too much time playing video games. Thus, digital addiction of children is becoming an issue of increasing importance we can not just dismiss

Gaslighting in Employee Remuneration As an Element of Management Culture in Modern Russia

This article analyzes the management culture of Russian companies, especially one of the methods of managing employees’ labor behavior — gaslighting. Gaslighting is a manipulation of human behavior based on psychological violence. To get the conclusion that gaslighting has become the norm in the management culture of Russian companies, the author analyzed the term “gaslighting” and compared this phenomenon with the situations in the corporate management strategies of various company managers. The purpose of the article is to analyze elements of the management culture of Russian companies, identify destructive manipulations of labor behavior, their impact on the level of staff remuneration, and assess the consequences of gaslighting in staff remuneration on the company’s viability and stability of its management system. Based on the generalization results, the author concludes that the use of specific techniques in company management causes significant harm, although, at first glance, one can talk about a positive effect, especially about saving financial resources. The regular creation of failures in the form of setting tasks that cannot be completed, due to the lack of real and objective opportunities, forms employees’ “learned helplessness syndrome”. Often, gaslighting is used when calculating employees’ salaries and is integrated into the payment system. The inability to get the desired remuneration reduces employees’ self-esteem, resulting in a loss of interest in the work. In this case, the situation when the employee is informed that the reason for his or her failures lies in himself/herself is especially harmful and dangerous (he or she did not try hard enough, did not make enough effort, and did not have the right qualifications or experience). The employee is convinced that something is wrong with him or her, comparing themselves with others who achieve and earn. In this case, the manager loses control over the situation with such a team member. When such employees become critically numerous in the company, one can talk about the loss of control over the company, which can lead to its degradation and decline. Keywords: motivation, manipulation, labor behavior management, incentive system, management style, national traditions, employee mentalit

Hesitation: Thooughts, Pauses, Gestures and Speech

[Abstract] The paper deals with the phenonemon of pauses hesitation and their different aspects. People hesitate in speech due to several reasons which are not always obvious, so there is an insight into the speech production stage which is needed. Sometimes while speaking we hestitate and meanwhile produce different kinetic forms of behaviour (gestures, postures, facial expressions, body movements, head movements). At the same time those stretches of speech are charged with prosodic information of specific kind. Thus, those three aspects of hesitation and their coexistence are in the focus: cognitive, gestural and prosodic

“Идея университета” в духовных академиях России (XIX – начало XX века)

For the first time, the Humboldtian university model is considered against the background of the 19th- and early 20th-century history of the Russian theological academies. The influence of educational ideas — direct or mediated by the experience of Russian universities — upon higher theological schools is traced along different historical phases delineated by two reforms: one that, between 1808 and 1814, introduced certain university elements into the life of the academies, and another that, in 1869, ushered in the research university model in its entirety. The author concludes that the fundamental principles of the research university significantly affected the further development of Russian theological scholarship, stimulating processes of specialization within the field and triggering the use of the method of historical criticism in all branches of theology. At the same time, however, some of the elements of the research university model failed to meet the specific needs of the theological schools. The application of methods of historical criticism, in turn, prompted speculation about the divine inspiration of the Scriptures, the affiliation of theological scholarship with the Church, and the limits of freedom in theological scholarship.Статья посвящена истории “идеи университета” в духовных академиях России в XIX – начале XX в. На материалах реформ российского духовного образования, проектов, аналитических записок и дискуссий автор выявляет влияние западноевропейских научно-образовательных моделей и опыта российских университетов на высшую духовную школу на разных исторических этапах. Первым ключевым моментом в развитии “идеи университета” в российской духовной школе является реформа 1808–1814 гг., когда в модель духовной академии были включены некоторые университетские черты. Вторым ключевым моментом стала реформа 1869 г., когда российские духовные академии были преобразованы в согласии с моделью “университета исследования”. Автор приходит к выводу, что основные принципы “университета исследования” оказали заметное влияние на развитие богословской науки в России, ее специализации, стимулировали активное введение историко-критических методов во всех областях богословия. Однако не все университетские черты оказались приемлемыми для духовной школы с ее особыми задачами; использование же историко-критических методов в богословских исследованиях обострило рефлексию конфессиональности богословской науки, богодухновенности священных текстов, свободы научно-богословского исследования

Attitudes formation towards the EU by the EU delegation to Ukraine

Стаття висвітлює сприйняття та ставлення до Європейського Союзу, котрі формує серед української громадськості Представництво ЄС в Україні в межах своєї дипломатичної роботи у даній країні.The European Union actively involves the EU Delegations to target states into the activities aimed at enhancing visibility and promoting the EU positive image among the foreign audiences. There is an extensive academic debate concerning the normative and regulatory framework of the public opinion formation by the EU. While correct, the literature omits the observation of the influence it has on target societies. The article illuminates the range of attitudes towards the EU and EU-related issues which are formed by the EU Delegation to Ukraine as the official diplomatic representative of the European Union in the relevant country among the local society. Since in Ukraine the complicated circumstances of communication with government and political elites made general public the most reliable target actor for foreign policy persuasion, the observation of influences the EU has on Ukrainian society is extremely relevant. The article presents the general observation of work and environment of the EU Delegation to Ukraine as well as the content-analysis of the statements of the EU Delegation to Ukraine, Eurobulletins, newsletters and EU Co-operational news, mass-media statements of the Head of Delegation. The results of the research highlighted the major trends in attitudes formation, which is conducted by the EU Delegation to Ukraine as a whole among the Ukrainian society. Firstly, the EU is pictured as the example to be followed by Ukraine, both in political and cultural spheres. Secondly, the EU is supposed to be viewed as reliable partner and assistant for Ukraine. Thirdly, the EU must be observed as prosperous and and wealthy “federation of national states” which could be joined by yet not developed Ukraine.Статья высвечивает восприятие и отношение к Европейскому Союзу, которые формирует среди украинской общественности Представительство ЕС в Украине в рамках своей дипломатической работы в данной стране

Challenges of and Responses to Various Legal Mechanisms for the Harmonization of Civil Procedure in Eurasia

Law is a cultural phenomenon of society. An analysis of the evolutionary process is key to understanding the positive principles and categories of legal thinking. Legal mechanisms created in unique circumstances become contradictory elements for the existing judicial practice of foreign legal systems. In accordance with modern reality and the tendencies of contemporary society, the problems of globalization determine the necessity of the analysis, which will be to consider whether it is possible to find the most effective adoption mechanisms for legal rules and practice through a process of harmonization. In the framework of current research, we have tried to answer the questions arising in relation to new tendencies in civil procedure through the prism of comparative research. The majority of adaptation mechanisms are formulated by unique legal experience in a distinct system. The influence of moral and cultural traditions, and the economic and political individuality of each society shape the outcome that allows new instruments to work in legal and procedural systems. This paper’s focus is methods of legal harmonization and adaptation of procedural law on the level of transnational communities. To provide a picture as complete as possible, we give a description of modern tendencies of social integration, the current strategy of legal transplant and a comparison of methods of harmonization in the territory of post-Soviet Union countries and in Europe