1,058 research outputs found
Immunocytochemical localization of the neuron-specific form of the c-src gene product, pp60c-src(+), in rat brain
Neurons express high levels of a variant form of the c-src gene product, denoted pp60c-src(+), which contains a 6 amino acid insert in the amino-terminal half of the c-src protein. We have determined the localization of pp60c-src(+) in neurons using an affinity-purified anti-peptide antibody, referred to as affi-SB12, that exclusively recognizes this neuron-specific form of the c-src gene product. Using affi-SB12, we examined the distribution of pp60c-src(+) by immunoperoxidase staining of sections through adult rat brains, pp60c-src(+) was widely distributed in rat brain and appeared to be differentially expressed in subpopulations of neurons. The majority of immunoreactive neurons was found in the mesencephalon, cerebellum, pons, and medulla. Telencephalic structures that contained substantial populations of pp60c-src(+)-immunoreactive neurons included layer V of the cerebral cortex and the ventral pallidum. Within individual neurons, pp60c-src(+) immunoreactivity was localized to the cell soma and dendritic processes, while labeling of axons and nerve terminals (puncta) was not as readily detected. Dense accumulations of immunoreactive axons were rare, being most prominent in portions of the inferior and superior olive, and in the spinal trigeminal nucleus. While the regional distribution of pp60c-src(+) immunoreactivity does not correlate with any specific neuronal cell type or first messenger system, this unique pattern of expression of pp60c-src(+) suggests the existence of a previously uncharacterized functional organization within the brain. Furthermore, the localization of this neuron-specific tyrosine kinase in functionally important areas of the nerve cell, namely, dendritic processes, axons, and nerve terminals, suggests that pp60c-src(+) may regulate pleiotropic functions in specific classes of neurons in the adult central nervous system
Discussing ethical issues in school science: An investigation into the opportunities to practise and develop arguments offered by online and face-to-face discussions
Response of basal epithelial cell surface and Cytoskeleton to solubilized extracellular matrix molecules.
The Role of Monitoring Interpretive Rates, Concordance Between Cytotechnologist and Pathologist Interpretations Before Sign-Out, and Turnaround Time in Gynecologic Cytology Quality Assurance Findings From the College of American Pathologists Gynecologic Cytopathology Quality Consensus Conference Working Group 1
Context.-The College of American Pathologists (CAP) conducted a national survey of gynecologic cytology quality assurance (QA) practices. Experts in gynecologic cytology were asked to join 5 working groups that studied the survey data on different aspects of QA. Evaluating the survey data and follow-up questions online, together with a review of pertinent literature, the working groups developed a series of preliminary statements on good laboratory practices in cytology QA. These were presented at a consensus conference and electronic voting occurred. Objective.-To evaluate a set of QA monitors in gynecologic cytology. Working group 1 evaluated (1) monitoring interpretive rate categories for Papanicolaou tests (Pap tests), (2) concordance of cytotechnologist and pathologist interpretations before sign-out, and (3) turnaround time for Pap tests. Data Sources.-The statements are based on a survey of gynecologic cytology QA practice patterns and of opinions from working group members and consensus conference attendees. Conclusions.-The outcomes of this process demonstrate the current state of practice patterns in gynecologic cytology QA. Monitoring interpretive rates for all Bethesda System categories is potentially useful, and it is most useful to monitor interpretive rates for cytotechnologists individually and in comparison to the entire laboratory. Laboratories need to determine what level of discrepancy between cytotechnologist and pathologist interpretations of Pap tests is important to track. Laboratories should consider formalizing procedures and policies to adjudicate such discrepant interpretations. Turnaround time should be monitored in gynecologic cytology, but individual laboratories should determine how to measure and use turnaround time internally
Characterizing unmet medical need and the potential role of new biologic treatment options in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease: a systematic review and clinician surveys
Objectives, Comparative outcomes of patients with ulcerative colitis, UC, and Crohn, s disease, CD, prescribed a biologic therapy are inconclusive. The aim of this research was to characterize the degree of unmet medical need in patients with UC or CD and to identify the potential role for new therapies. Methods, A systematic literature review was undertaken of studies reporting outcomes associated with the use of existing biologic therapies in patients with UC or CD, focusing on the nature and rate of treatment failure. To complement the systematic review, contemporaneous data were obtained from a survey of practising gastroenterologists in the UK and France. Data were qualitatively combined in a narrative framework to evaluate the degree of unmet medical need among patients with UC or CD. Results, Studies identified in the systematic review, n, were heterogeneous, particularly with respect to the definitions of treatment failure, estimates of treatment failure were high but uncertain. On the basis of standardized definitions, estimates of treatment failure provided by clinicians, n, were high, and they were higher for second-line treatment failure, primary, secondary, compared with first-line treatment failure, primary, secondary, . The majority of the systematic review and survey data were reflective of outcomes with infliximab and adalimumab. Conclusion, High treatment failure rates associated with existing biologics, identified by the review and clinician surveys, indicate a need for other biologic treatment options to improve the management and outcomes for people with UC and CD. Outcomes associated with existing and new biologic treatments should be investigated in head-to-head randomized trials in the context of their likely uses in clinical practice.Gordon, Jason P.a, e, McEwan, Phil C.a, b, Maguire, Andyc, Sugrue, Daniel M.a, Puelles, Jorge
Transcript of The Dory Derby Accident
This story is an excerpt from a longer interview that was collected as part of the Launching through the Surf: The Dory Fleet of Pacific City project. In this story, Don Grotjohn recounts an accident that occurred during a Dory Derby competition
Evolutionary expansion of the amidohydrolase superfamily in bacteria in response to the synthetic compounds molinate and diuron
The amidohydrolase superfamily has remarkable functional diversity, with considerable structural and functional annotation of known sequences. In microbes, the recent evolution of several members of this family to catalyze the breakdown of environmental xenobiotics is not well understood. An evolutionary transition from binuclear to mononuclear metal ion coordination at the active sites of these enzymes could produce large functional changes such as those observed in nature, but there are few clear examples available to support this hypothesis. To investigate the role of binuclear-mononuclear active-site transitions in the evolution of new function in this superfamily, we have characterized two recently evolved enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the synthetic herbicides molinate (MolA) and phenylurea (PuhB). In this work, the crystal structures, mutagenesis, metal ion analysis, and enzyme kinetics of both MolA and PuhB establish that these enzymes utilize a mononuclear active site. However, bioinformatics and structural comparisons reveal that the closest putative ancestor of these enzymes had a binuclear active site, indicating that a binuclear-mononuclear transition has occurred. These proteins may represent examples of evolution modifying the characteristics of existing catalysts to satisfy new requirements, specifically, metal ion rearrangement leading to large leaps in activity that would not otherwise be possible
The University of California San Francisco, Brain Metastases Stereotactic Radiosurgery (UCSF-BMSR) MRI Dataset
The University of California San Francisco Brain Metastases Stereotactic
Radiosurgery (UCSF-BMSR) dataset is a public, clinical, multimodal brain MRI
dataset consisting of 560 brain MRIs from 412 patients with expert annotations
of 5136 brain metastases. Data consists of registered and skull stripped T1
post-contrast, T1 pre-contrast, FLAIR and subtraction (T1 pre-contrast - T1
post-contrast) images and voxelwise segmentations of enhancing brain metastases
in NifTI format. The dataset also includes patient demographics, surgical
status and primary cancer types. The UCSF-BSMR has been made publicly available
in the hopes that researchers will use these data to push the boundaries of AI
applications for brain metastases.Comment: 15 pages, 2 tables, 2 figure
Recommended from our members
Dynamic Conduction and Repolarisation Changes in Early Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy versus Benign Outflow Tract Ectopy Demonstrated by High Density Mapping and Paced Surface ECG Analysis
Aims:
The concealed phase of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) may initially manifest electrophysiologically. No studies have examined dynamic conduction/repolarization kinetics to distinguish benign right ventricular outflow tract ectopy (RVOT ectopy) from ARVC's early phase. We investigated dynamic endocardial electrophysiological changes that differentiate early ARVC disease expression from RVOT ectopy.
Methods:
22 ARVC (12 definite based upon family history and mutation carrier status, 10 probable) patients without right ventricular structural anomalies underwent high-density non-contact mapping of the right ventricle. These were compared to data from 14 RVOT ectopy and 12 patients with supraventricular tachycardias and normal hearts. Endocardial & surface ECG conduction and repolarization parameters were assessed during a standard S1-S2 restitution protocol.
Results:
Definite ARVC without RV structural disease could not be clearly distinguished from RVOT ectopy during sinus rhythm or during steady state pacing. Delay in Activation Times at coupling intervals just above the ventricular effective refractory period (VERP) increased in definite ARVC (43±20 ms) more than RVOT ectopy patients (36±14 ms, pâ=â0.03) or Normals (25±16 ms, pâ=â0.008) and a progressive separation of the repolarisation time curves between groups existed. Repolarization time increases in the RVOT were also greatest in ARVC (definite ARVC: 18±20 ms; RVOT ectopy: 5±14, Normal: 1±18, p<0.05). Surface ECG correlates of these intracardiac measurements demonstrated an increase of greater than 48 ms in stimulus to surface ECG J-point pre-ERP versus steady state, with an 88% specificity and 68% sensitivity in distinguishing definite ARVC from the other groups. This technique could not distinguish patients with genetic predisposition to ARVC only (probable ARVC) from controls.
Conclusions:
Significant changes in dynamic conduction and repolarization are apparent in early ARVC before detectable RV structural abnormalities, and were present to a lesser degree in probable ARVC patients. Investigation of dynamic electrophysiological parameters may be useful to identify concealed ARVC in patients without disease pedigrees by using endocardial electrogram or paced ECG parameters
A recepção da teoria dos sistemas de luhmann na jurisprudĂȘncia constitucional colombiana
This paper presents some considerations about the influence that Luhmannâs systems theory has had in the decisions of the Colombian Constitutional Court from its inception. It makes a general reference to the basic concepts of the Luhmannian theory, the interrelationship of social systemsâlaw, politics and moralsâ, and some criticism to legal positivism that might arise from Luhmann. We studied the jurisprudence of the Colombian Constitutional Court from its creation until the research date, analyzing in which of them the Constitutional Court used the Luhmannian theory to support its ruling and how it did it. We found that Luhmann's theory was cited in only three rulings, suggesting its precariousness regarding as a theory âacceptedâ by law practitioners in Colombia.Este texto presenta algunas consideraciones sobre la influencia que ha tenido la teorĂa de los sistemas de Luhmann en las decisiones de la Corte Constitucional Colombiana desde sus inicios. Encontraremos una menciĂłn general sobre los conceptos bĂĄsicos de la teorĂa luhmanniana, sobre la interrelaciĂłn de los sistemas sociales Derecho, PolĂtica y Moral y sobre algunas crĂticas que podrĂan plantearse desde Luhmann hacia el positivismo jurĂdico. Se hizo un estudio de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional Colombiana desde su creaciĂłn hasta la fecha de la investigaciĂłn, analizando en cuĂĄles de estas el tribunal constitucional utilizĂł la teorĂa luhmanniana para sustentar su fallo y de quĂ© forma lo hizo, encontrando que solo en tres sentencias fue citada la teorĂa de Luhmann, lo que indica una precariedad en cuanto a su consideraciĂłn como una teorĂa âaceptadaâ por quienes ejercen el derecho en Colombia.Este texto apresenta algumas consideraçÔes sobre a influĂȘncia que a teoria dos sistemas de Luhmann teve sobre as decisĂ”es do Tribunal Constitucional colombiano desde sua criação. Encontraremos uma menção geral sobre os conceitos bĂĄsicos da teoria Luhmanniana, sobre a inter-relação dos sistemas sociais Direito, PolĂtica e Moral e sobre algumas crĂticas que poderiam ser apresentadas a partir de Luhmann para o positivismo jurĂdico. Um estudo da jurisprudĂȘncia do Tribunal Constitucional colombiano foi feito desde sua criação atĂ© a data da investigação, analisando em quais deles o tribunal constitucional utilizou a teoria Luhmanniana para sustentar sua decisĂŁo e de que maneira o fez, constatando que apenas em trĂȘs sentenças citou-se a teoria de Luhmann; isso indica uma precariedade quanto a sua consideração como teoria "aceita" por quem exerce o direito na ColĂŽmbia
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