THE TYPOLOGY OF SUBSTANTIVE WORD-FORMATIVE CHAINS IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AS A LINGUODIDACTIC PROBLEM

Abstract .The subject of the research is word-formative chains of Russian nouns in typological andlinguodidactic aspects. These language units can be a methodically optimal means of teaching Russian as a second or as a foreign language. The aim of the work is to construct a methodically relevant typology of these formations on the basis of studying the structural and semantic properties of word – formative chains in the sphere of nouns. In the course of linguistic analysis, the system-structural and functional-semantic methods were used, which allowed to describe all groups of derivatives which are the part of word-formative chains. The paper proves that the word-formative chain, being a complex unit, is one of the most important ways of organizing the derivational-semantic space of the Russian language. System-structural reproducibility of these units allows to distinguish binary and polynary, linear and ring chains. In addition, the model should include complete and incomplete chains, and chains with monomotivated and polymotivated derivatives. The specificity of the morphemic structure and idiomatic semantics of derivatives creating the word-formative chain testify to the peculiarities of the nomination process in the Russian language. The study of the phenomenon of consistent productivity of Russian words in a foreign language audience contributes to a more active perception of lexical, grammatical and word-forming phenomena and also the activation of the vocabulary of students.Key words: Russian language, methodology, word formation, noun, word-formation chain, derivationalrelations

Sex specificity in innate immunity of insect larvae

The innate immunity of insects has been widely studied. Although the effect of sex on insect immunity has been extensively discussed, differences in immunity between the sexes of larvae insects remain largely unstudied. Studying larval sex differences in immunity may provide valuable information about the mechanisms underlying the insect immune system, which, in turn, can be valuable for the development and improvement of pest management. Here we compared the antibacterial activity in both the midgut tissue and cell-free hemolymph of Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) females and males at the larval stage without and after a challenge by entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner. We also evaluated the sex-specific mortality of L. dispar induced by B. thuringiensis infection. We find that antibacterial activity in the midgut is activated by infection, but only in females. Thus, sex differences in immunity can have important effects even before sexual differentiation at adulthood

Assessment of the Possibilities of Transition to Sustainable Environmental Management Models in the Arctic Regions

The sustainable development agenda for regional development can be developed in depth and comprehensively if considered in a cluster manner. It is advisable to distinguish the traditional clusters of sustainable development: economic, environmental and social. This paper considers the Environmental cluster, which has taken in the development of several Targets from the SDGs and conducted a study close to the assessment of the state of the environment. The purpose of the study is the possibility of updating the Arctic Council studies for the regions of the Russian Arctic in connection with their authentic regional ecological pressures. Objectives: to determine the actual environmental loads on each of the nine Arctic regions and to develop approaches to the formation of a model of sustainable environmental management within the framework of the existing scientific developments of the Arctic Council working groups and the formation of a scientific agenda for the future. Research methods: analysis of cartographic material, environmental reports of local and federal authorities, non-financial reports of enterprises operating in the Arctic regions, messengers and activity of civil society institutions, the real state of natural environments (atmospheric air, soil, water resources and forests), perspective development plans of the selected regions. As a result, several of the most urgent areas were highlighted in which it is advisable to focus further efforts to improve the state of the environment in each of the regions. The work was carried out during 2021-2022

Language Education: New Moves

The article considers the conditions for the development of modern   language education. The authors refer to the linguoculturolal methodology, which is one of the new components in the process of studying the contents of language education. The subject of the study are units of a small poetic genre: nursery rhymes and clerihews. These two forms are types of a short funny poem, they have many similar functions and principles of organization. The writers of the article give methodological recommendations for working with limericks and clerihews. They show the developed algorithm of exercises, in accordance with the pretext, text and post-textual stages of work with poetic material. The developed tasks allow to form the sociocultural competence of students. To create a relatively holistic picture of the reality in which English speakers live, it seems expedient to introduce authentic materials of the country of the studied language into the educational process. Limericks and clerichews contain culturally-marked lexicon

Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition reduces lung fibrosis following targeted type II alveolar epithelial cell injury

Fibrosis of the lung constitutes a major clinical challenge and novel therapies are required to alleviate the associated morbidity and mortality. Investigating the antifibrotic efficacy of drugs that are already in clinical practice offers an efficient strategy to identify new therapies. The phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, approved for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, harbor therapeutic potential for pulmonary fibrosis by augmenting the activity of endogenous antifibrotic mediators that signal through cyclic AMP. In this study, we tested the efficacy of several PDE4 inhibitors including a novel compound (Compound 1) in a murine model of lung fibrosis that results from a targeted type II alveolar epithelial cell injury. We also compared the antifibrotic activity of PDE4 inhibition to the two therapies that are FDA‐approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (pirfenidone and nintedanib). We found that both preventative (day 0–21) and therapeutic (day 11–21) dosing regimens of the PDE4 inhibitors significantly ameliorated the weight loss and lung collagen accumulation that are the sequelae of targeted epithelial cell damage. In a therapeutic protocol, the reduction in lung fibrosis with PDE4 inhibitor administration was equivalent to pirfenidone and nintedanib. Treatment with this class of drugs also resulted in a decrease in plasma surfactant protein D concentration, a reduction in the plasma levels of several chemokines implicated in lung fibrosis, and an in vitro inhibition of fibroblast profibrotic gene expression. These results motivate further investigation of PDE4 inhibition as a treatment for patients with fibrotic lung disease.We demonstrate that prophylactic and therapeutic inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 with several different antagonists reduces lung fibrosis induced by a targeted injury to the type II alveolar epithelium. In conjunction with the reduction in lung collagen content, phosphodiesterase inhibition also reduced serum surfactant protein C levels and the expression of profibrotic genes by lung fibroblasts.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144679/1/phy213753.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144679/2/phy213753_am.pd

Prevention pillar of anti-money laundering regime in Russia in the context of global AML standards

The paper examines the approach taken by Russian government to control money laundering by creating the preventive framework which has undergone significant changes over the past six years. With respect to the prevention of money laundering, the discussion involves a review of international standards and norms which constitute the global AML regime. Recognizing the need for adding the domestic dimension to the studies of international regimes with the help of two-level game theory, the paper further analyzes the preventive pillar of the domestic AML regime in Russia in comparison with the global standards. It concludes that the federal law, which is the cornerstone of the domestic AML regime, as well as institutional framework created in Russia, both formally comply with the international norms. The analyses of the practical implementation of the AML legislation in the financial institutions focus on legislative base for the regulated, behavioral patterns of the banks in the AML prevention, and the conflicts and debates, lately emerged within the domestic AML regime. This paper aims to show how new regulations have influenced both domestic AML regime and its main actors. The paper concludes that the existent domestic regime lacks interaction and communication between its actors which leads to the breach of the main principle and goal of a regime – cooperation. The paper argues that the representatives of banking community in Russia could play the role of epistemic community proposed by the cognitive theory of international regimes. Given the functions of epistemic community it could foster better understanding of the context and purposes of the AML regime, thus, decreasing uncertainty and facilitating cooperation between the parties. The paper will conclude with the recommendations on the future research about how risk-based approach to banking regulation of the AML prevention rather than traditional rule-based compliance method can be effective

The architecture of the corporate training system in the system of non-formal environmental education for sustainable development in Russia

The purpose of the study is to analyse the readiness of the education system to educate employees and train the personnel reserve in the system of non-formal environmental education and awareness. Mission: To develop a new integrated policy of environmental education for sustainable development at the federal level in the Russian Federation. Objectives: to evaluate the possibility and necessity of introducing transversal educational courses for Master students and teachers of additional education on the themes of the environmental cluster of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG); to substantiate comparability of separate modules, practical works and course as a whole for preparing students in general education for implementing education for sustainable development; to integrate SDG-related topics into existing directions of environmental education and additional education in general education; to promote efficient training of staff reserve in the system of informal education for sustainable development. The main research methods: the end-to-end system modelling of adult education, continuous learning, and professional development systems using ASSURE design algorithm for economic and qualitative assessment of learning outcomes. A novel methodology for the adaptation of corporate training for the system of additional environmental education at the state level was developed and proposed for the first time

The case-study method as a way of forming the sociocultural competence of future bachelors of pedagogical education

In the conditions of constant development, contemporary society needs competitive young graduates, that, accordingly, makes high demands on the educational process. Active methods of teaching are relevant.  Such methods promote sustainable motivation and positive attitude to a foreign language as an instrument for achieving the goal in a variety of unforeseen life situations. One of the methods of such training is the case-study method, which allows participants in the learning process to be in a problematic situation, which must be resolved through the collection of information, analysis, systematization, classification and generalization. This method facilitates the transformation of traditional teaching, in which students take an initiative position, and the teacher – the position of an assistant partner.  The authors of the article conclude that the use of case-study will contribute to the development of cultural studies of Scotland.