Dimorfismo sexual en el área de Broca

The aim of this study was to analyze written language awareness of 5 years-old young children at risk for learning difficulties. Also, we analyzed whether there are differences in the prevalence as a function of sexual differences. We used the Indicadores de Progreso de Aprendizaje en Lectura (IPAL) (Indicators of Basic Early Reading Skills (Jiménez & Gutiérrez, 2019) which includes the basic components of reading according to the National Reading Panel (NRP). Two subtests were taken into account (CLE Texts and CLE images) where functional, formal and conventional knowledge were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed through MANOVA, using the RStudio and the ULLRToolbox suite programs. Results showed that the risk status is associated with low written language awareness. Likewise, there were no significant differences in the risk status regarding sexual differences.En esta investigación se analizan los conocimientos funcionales del lenguaje escrito para la detección de riesgo de dificultades de aprendizaje en la etapa de 5 años de Educación Infantil y, además, se exploran si existen diferencias en función del sexo. Se utiliza el sistema de Indicadores de Progreso de Aprendizaje en Lectura (IPAL, Jiménez y Gutiérrez, 2019) que incluye los componentes básicos de la lectura según prescribe el National Reading Panel (NRP). Para ello, se tuvieron en cuenta dos subtareas (CLE Textos y CLE imágenes) mediante las cuales se evaluaron los conocimientos funcionales, formales y convencionales. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos a través del MANOVA, mediante el programa RStudio y la suite ULLRToolbox. Los resultados muestran que la situación de riesgo se asocia a ambas subtareas de los conocimientos funcionales del lenguaje escrito. Asimismo, no se encuentran diferencias significativas en el estatus de riesgo en función del sexo

Influence of chemistry and fiber diameter of electrospun PLA, PCL and their blend membranes, intended as cell supports, on their biological behavior

.The prevalence of osteoarthritis, a degenerative cartilage disease that causes joint surface erosion and loss of mobility, emphasizes the need of producing a functional articular cartilage replacement. Tissue engineering has been the focus of recent research as a possible strategy for cartilage regeneration and repair. The most widely used technique for the manufacture of nanofibers is polymer electrospinning. Polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) have been proved particularly suitable for nanofiber preparation, with many biomedical applications. The main aim of this work was to evaluate the behavior of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) cultured on biomaterials of PLA, PCL and a combination of both (PLA/PCL), manufactured by electrospinning. We analyzed the bioactive properties of these cells in cultures on them, in terms of proliferation, adhesion, morphology, viability and differentiation. In addition, the influence of the thickness of the fibers in each biomaterial on these cellular characteristics was evaluated for their use in Cartilage Regenerative Medicine applications to promote chondrogenic differentiation. Depending on the parameter assessed, different results were obtained on each biomaterial. Using both polymers successful results on cellular viability were obtained, although in the case of PCL the cellular response in all the experiments was significantly better. As for the blends, positive outcomes were obtained, but they did not overtake the characteristics of PCL. Interestingly, ASCs were able to differentiate into chondrocytes without adding specific chondrogenic media in the three biomaterials tested. Moreover, a marked cell differentiation on PCL with 1.8 μm-fiber diameter and PLA/PCL blends was observed. These findings may play a key role in cartilage Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering.S

Unidad Técnica de Geodesia, Geofísica y Magnetismo de Rocas: Laboratorio de Paleomagnetismo, Magnetismo de Rocas y Modelado Geomagnético

Trabajo presentado en la I Reunión Científica del Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC-UCM), los días 15 y 16 de septiembre de 2011.Peer reviewe

The different manifestations of COVID-19 in adults and children: a cohort study in an intensive care unit

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has collapsed health systems worldwide. In adults, the virus causes severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), while in children the disease seems to be milder, although a severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) has been described. The aim was to describe and compare the characteristics of the severe COVID-19 disease in adults and children. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study included the young adults and children infected with SARS-CoV-2 between March-June 2020 and admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit. The two populations were analysed and compared focusing on their clinical and analytical characteristics and outcomes. Results: Twenty patients were included. There were 16 adults (80%) and 4 children (20%). No mortality was recorded. All the adults were admitted due to ARDS. The median age was 32 years (IQR 23.3-41.5) and the most relevant previous pathology was obesity (n = 7, 43.7%). Thirteen (81.3%) needed mechanical ventilation, with a median PEEP of 13 (IQR 10.5-14.5). Six (37.5%) needed inotropic support due to the sedation. Eight (50%) developed a healthcare-associated infection, the most frequent of which was central line-associated bloodstream infection (n = 7, 71.4%). One patient developed a partial pulmonary thromboembolism, despite him being treated with heparin. All the children were admitted due to MIS-C. Two (50%) required mechanical ventilation. All needed inotropic support, with a median vasoactive-inotropic score of 27.5 (IQR 17.5-30). The difference in the inotropic requirements between the two populations was statistically significant (37.5% vs. 100%, p < 0.001). The biomarker values were higher in children than in adults: mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin 1.72 vs. 0.78 nmol/L (p = 0.017), procalcitonin 5.7 vs. 0.19 ng/mL (p = 0.023), and C-reactive protein 328.2 vs. 146.9 mg/L (p = 0.005). N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and troponins were higher in children than in adults (p = 0.034 and p = 0.039, respectively). Conclusions: Adults and children had different clinical manifestations. Adults developed severe ARDS requiring increased respiratory support, whereas children presented MIS-C with greater inotropic requirements. Biomarkers could be helpful in identifying susceptible patients, since they might change depending on the clinical features

Percepción del personal de enfermería ante la rotación en los servicios de hospitalización

Objetivo. Determinar la percepción del personal de enfermería ante la rotación en los servicios de hospitalización en una institución de salud de cuarto nivel. Materiales y Métodos. La presente investigación es de carácter cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo de corte transversal, se trabajó con una muestra de 142 profesionales y auxiliares de enfermería que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión; para la recolección de la información se utilizó el instrumento actitud del personal de enfermería ante el proceso administrativo de rotación por los servicios hospitalarios. Resultados. Los sentimientos negativos que surgieron de la encuesta realizada al personal de enfermería fue la ansiedad con un 26%, contrario a esto  el personal identifica ventajas  con  la rotación que  permiten el crecimiento profesional, no interfiere en la relación enfermera-paciente, mejora su experiencia y genera nuevas habilidades. Conclusión. El personal de enfermería percibe que rotar por otro servicio genera experiencias para el fortalecimiento de la profesión situación, así mismo la rotación, es considerada una forma de adquirir nuevas habilidades y destrezas, que probablemente en el servicio donde se esté actualmente no se generen.PALABRAS CLAVE: Personal de enfermería, ansiedad, motivación, relaciones enfermero-paciente.Perception of nurses to the rotation in patient services ABSTRACTObjective: Determine the perception of nurses to the rotation in patient services in a fourth level health institution. Materials and Methods: This is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional research, we worked with a sample of 142 professionals and nursing assistants who met the inclusion criteria; for data collection was used an attitude of nurse’s instrument face to the administrative process of rotation for hospital services. Results: Negative feelings that emerged from the survey nurses anxiety was 26%, contrary to this the staff identifies advantages with the rotation that allow professional growth, does not interfere in the nurse-patient relationship, improve your experience and generates new skills. Conclusion. Nurses perceived that to rotate by another service generates experiences to strength the status profession, likewise rotation, is considered a way to acquire new skills, probably in the service where it is currently not generated. KEYWORDS: Nurse, anxiety, motivation, nurse-patient relationships. Percepção de enfermeiros para os serviços de internamento rotação RESUMOObjetivo: Determinar a percepção de enfermeiros para os serviços de internamento de rotação em um quarto nível instituição de saúde. Materiais e Métodos: Esta pesquisa é de natureza quantitativa transversal descritivo, trabalhamos com uma amostra de 142 profissionais e auxiliares de enfermagem que preencheram os critérios de inclusão; para coleta de dados atitude instrumento de enfermeiros foi utilizado no processo administrativo de rotação dos serviços hospitalares. Resultados: Os sentimentos negativos que surgiram a partir da ansiedade enfermeiros da pesquisa foi de 26%, contrariamente a essa rotação de pessoal identifica vantagens que permitem o crescimento profissional, não interfere na relação enfermeiro-paciente, melhorar a sua experiência e gera novas habilidades. Conclusão: Enfermeiros percebidos a rodar por outro serviço gera experiências para fortalecer a profissão de status, de igual modo rotação, é considerado uma forma de adquirir novas habilidades, provavelmente no serviço em que actualmente não é gerado. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: relações enfermeiros, ansiedade, motivação, enfermeiro-paciente.

Clinical and etiological characterization of a sam-ple of children and adults with dysphagia treated in two healthcare centers in Medellín/Colombia: a retrospective study

Introduction: Dysphagia is a frequent disorder throughout the life cycle, which has different etiolo-gies in relation to its clinical type in oropharyngeal or esophageal.Objective: Clinical and etiological characterization of a sample with dysphagia attended in two health care centers in the city of Medellín (Colombia), showing the etiology and clinical type of dysphagia according to age groups. Methods: Observational, descriptive, and retrospective study, through the review and analysis of and clinical records of patients with a diagnosis of dysphagia, treated between 2012 and 2018 in a university hospital and a speech therapy center in swallowing. Results: Sample of 527 patients. Distributed in tho-se under 18 years 45.4% (239/527); 18 to 59: 20.1% (106/527) and over 60: 34.5% (182/527). Clinical type, etiology, and most frequent health condition in the entire sample: oropharyngeal dysphagia, functional etiology, and neurological diseases. The most frequent conditions causing dysphagia in children under 18 years of age were childhood development disorders; group 18 to 59 years, cancer and, in those over 60 years of age, neurodegenerative processes. Conclusion: Oropharyngeal dysphagia due to functional etiology is common throughout the life cycle, and neurological diseases seem to largely explain its pathophysiology. In older adults it is associated with neurodegenerative disorders, and in those under 60 years of age (including children) the etiology is diverse. Its causes and clinical characteristics must be considered for promotion, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation processes

Actualización de la base de datos arqueomagnética de Iberia y nuevas curvas de variación paleosecular para los últimos 3000 años

Trabajo presentado en la X Reunión de la Comisión de Paleomagnetismo de la Sociedad Geológica de España, celebrada del 14 al 17 de septiembre de 2017 en el valle del río Grío, Zaragoza (España)En este trabajo se presenta una actualización de la base de datos direccional de Iberia para los últimos 3000 años (Gómez-Paccard et al., 2006) y el primer catálogo de intensidad para este periodo. En direcciones, la base de datos ha aumentado en más de un 80%, incluyendo más de 10 resultados direccionales no publicados hasta la fecha. En intensidades, este estudio representa un aumento de más del 50% en la cantidad de datos de calidad disponibles (si nos referimos al primer milenio a.C., se cuadruplica el número de datos), entendiendo datos de calidad como aquellos que cumplen los siguientes criterios: a) que el número de especímenes empleados para la determinación de la paleointensidad sea igual o superior a 4; b) que el protocolo empleado sea Thellier (Thellier y Thellier, 1959) o derivados; c) que la anisotropía de la imanación termorremanente haya sido investigada y corregida. Toda esta información ha permitido desarrollar nuevas curvas de variación paleosecular de declinación, inclinación e intensidad de Iberia para los tres últimos milenios. Se ha empleado el método bootstrap (Thébault y Gallet, 2010) incluyendo la jerarquía asociada a la información estratigráfica cuando estaba disponible. Las nuevas curvas direccionales no presentan grandes diferencias con las anteriormente publicadas (Fig. 1), aunque se incrementa su precisión. En intensidad las principales diferencias aparecen en el primer milenio a.C. y en el posible doble máximo en torno a 600-800 años d.C, que no es recogido por esta curva. Las nuevas curvas de variación paleosecular suponen una mejora en las posibilidades de la datación arqueomagnética en la península ibéricaPeer reviewe

Desert dust outbreak in the Canary Islands (February 2020): assessment and impacts

World Weather Research Programme (WWRP 2021–1