OOPS! – OntOlogy Pitfalls Scanner!

The application of methodologies for building ontologies has improved the ontology quality. However, such a quality is not totally guaranteed because of the difficulties involved in ontology modelling. These difficulties are related to the inclusion of anomalies or worst practices in the modelling. Several authors have provided lists of typical anomalies detected in ontologies during the last decade. In this context, our aim in this technical report is to describe OOPS! (OntOlogy Pitfalls Scanner!), a tool for pitfalls detection in ontology developments

Daylighting Performance of Solar Control Films for Hospital Buildings in a Mediterranean Climate

One of the main retrofitting strategies in warm climates is the reduction of the effects of solar radiation. Cooling loads, and in turn, cooling consumption, can be reduced through the implementation of reflective materials such as solar control films. However, these devices may also negatively affect daylight illuminance conditions and the electric consumption of artificial lighting systems. In a hospital building, it is crucial to meet daylighting requirements as well as indoor illuminance levels and visibility from the inside, as these have a significant impact on health outcomes. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the influence on natural illuminance conditions of a solar control film installed on the windows of a public hospital building in a Mediterranean climate. To this end, a hospital room, with and without solar film, was monitored for a whole year. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the use of artificial lighting, illuminance levels and rolling shutter aperture levels, as well as an analysis of natural illuminance and electric consumption of the artificial lighting system. The addition of a solar control film to the external surface of the window, in combination with the user-controlled rolling shutter aperture levels, has reduced the electric consumption of the artificial lighting system by 12.2%. Likewise, the solar control film has increased the percentage of annual hours with natural illuminance levels by 100–300 lux

A Double Classification of Common Pitfalls in Ontologies

The application of methodologies for building ontologies has improved the ontology quality. However, such a quality is not totally guaranteed because of the difficulties involved in ontology modelling. These difficulties are related to the inclusion of anomalies or worst practices in the modelling. In this context, our aim in this paper is twofold: (1) to provide a catalogue of common worst practices, which we call pitfalls, and (2) to present a double classification of such pitfalls. These two products will serve in the ontology development in two ways: (a) to avoid the appearance of pitfalls in the ontology modelling, and (b) to evaluate and correct ontologies to improve their quality

Pattern for Re-engineering a Classification Scheme, which Follows the Adjacency List Data Model, to a Taxonomy

This pattern for re-engineering non-ontological resources (pr-nor) fits in the schema re-engineering category proposed by [3]. The pattern defines a procedure that transforms the classification scheme components into ontology representational primitives. This pattern comes from the experience of ontology engineers in developing ontologies using classification schemes in several projects (seemp 1 , neon 2 , and knowledge web 3 ). The pattern is included in a pool of patterns, which is a key element of our method for re-engineering non-ontological resources into ontologies [2]. The patterns generate the ontologies at a conceptualization level, independent of the ontology implementation language

Indoor Air Quality Assessment: Comparison of Ventilation Scenarios for Retrofitting Classrooms in a Hot Climate

Current energy e ciency policies in buildings foster the promotion of energy retrofitting of the existing stock. In southern Spain, the most extensive public sector is that of educational buildings, which is especially subject to significant internal loads due to high occupancy. A large fraction of the energy retrofit strategies conducted to date have focused on energy aspects and indoor thermal comfort, repeatedly disregarding indoor air quality criteria. This research assesses indoor air quality in a school located in the Mediterranean area, with the objective of promoting di erent ventilation scenarios, based on occupancy patterns and carbon dioxide levels monitored on site. Results show that manual ventilation cannot guarantee minimum indoor quality levels following current standards. A constant ventilation based on CO2 levels allows 15% more thermal comfort hours a year to be reached, compared to CO2-based optimized demand-controlled ventilation. Nevertheless, the latter ensures 35% annual energy savings, compared to a constant CO2-based ventilation, and 37% more annual energy savings over that of a constant ventilation rate of outdoor air per person

Big Data and Antitrust Law

Producción CientíficaThe technological revolution we have witnessed in recent years had led to the appearance of a new term within the framework of the digital economy: Big Data. The rise and consolidation of enterprises with major volumes of production based on business models that involve the gathering and processing of personal data has caused misgivings amongst the competition authorities, and has led to a conflict between defenders of the pro-competitive nature of Big Data and those who take a more sceptical view, who have warned of the possibility that these data policies may be used by companies as a tool for creating, consolidating, and extending their positions of power in the market.Este artículo ha sido realizado en el marco del “Proyecto de Investigación: “Distribución y Competencia: retos y problemas en el marco de una economía global y digitalizada” (VA015G18), de la Consejería de Educación de Castilla y León

The child´s human rights opposite to the guarantees proposed by the laws 1760/2015 and 1786/2016

En el presente artículo se analiza el grado de afectación de los derechos fundamentales de los menores víctimas de delitos dolosos, en aplicación de las leyes 1760 de 2015 y 1786 de 2016, a través de una metodología analítica deductiva de la doctrina con respecto al derecho fundamental de la libertad y la normatividad vigente, y así aterrizar en el caso del delito como está configurado hoy, para demostrar que, como está planteado actualmente, realmente no vela por los intereses superiores del menor. Así, del análisis de la pluralidad e inestabilidad de la legislación penal de Colombia, se desprende que aun cuando parece protectora de los derechos fundamentales del menor, suelen expedirse en simultanea normas que desconocen y eliminan el recorrido trazado, de tal forma que no existe uniformidad y legitimidad de la legislación actual, por lo que debe ser adecuada la norma a los estándares internacionales vigentes en materia de protección del interés superior del menorThe present article, it was motivated by the plurality and instability in the penal legislation of Colombia, so when it seems to be protective of the fundamental rights of the minor, there are in the habit of being sent in simultaneous procedure that know and eliminate the planned tour, in such a way that there does not exist uniformity and legitimacy of the in force legislation, for what it must be adapted the norm to the international in force standards as for protection of the top interest of the minor. This way, across the doctrinal expositions I concern of the fundamental right the freedom and the in force law to land in case of the crime since it is formed nowadays to demonstrate that since it is raised nowadays really he does not guard over the top interests of the minor

Assessment of Indoor Environmental Quality for Retrofitting Classrooms with An Egg-Crate Shading Device in A Hot Climate

In the Mediterranean climate, a large number of educational buildings suffer from discomfort due mostly to energy-deficient thermal envelopes and a lack of cooling systems. Impending climate change is expected to worsen overheating in classrooms, especially during heatwave periods. Therefore, the protection of window openings to reduce incident solar radiation while maintaining adequate indoor environmental quality must be considered a necessary key focus. The main objective of this research is to assess the influence of an egg-crate shading device on the indoor environmental quality of a classroom in Southern Spain. To do so, two classrooms—with and without this shading device—were simultaneously monitored over a whole year. The implementation of an egg-crate shading device allowed for a significant reduction of the incident solar radiation, both in summer and mid-season (around 45–50%), which objectively slightly conditioned indoor operative temperatures. Given the noticeable influence of the user patterns observed, indoor illuminance was also improved, as the rolling shutters tended to be opened at higher aperture levels