1,291 research outputs found
Anomaluos RR Lyrae (V-I)_0 colors in Baade's Window
We compare (V-I)_0-(V-K)_0 color-color and (V-I)_0-log P period-color
diagrams for Baade's Window and local RRab Lyrae stars. We find that for a
fixed log P the Baade's Window RR Lyrae stars are ~0.17 magnitudes redder in
(V-I)_0 than the local RR Lyrae stars. We also show that there is no such
effect observed in (V-K)_0. We argue that an extinction misestimate towards
Baade's Window is not a plausible explanation of the discrepancy. Unlike
Baade's Window RR Lyrae stars, the local ones follow a black-body color-color
relation and are well approximated by theoretical models. We test two
parameters, metallicity and surface gravity, and find that their effects are
too small to explain the (V-I)_0 discrepancy between the two groups of stars.
We do not provide any explanation for the anomalous (V-I)_0 behavior of the
Baade's Window RR Lyrae stars. We note that a similar effect for clump giant
stars has been recently reported by Paczynski and we caution that RR Lyrae
stars and clump giants, often used as standard candles, can be subject to the
same type of systematics.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Ap
Dust-temperature of an isolated star-forming cloud: Herschel observations of the Bok globule CB244
We present Herschel observations of the isolated, low-mass star-forming Bok
globule CB244. It contains two cold sources, a low-mass Class 0 protostar and a
starless core, which is likely to be prestellar in nature, separated by 90
arcsec (~ 18000 AU). The Herschel data sample the peak of the Planck spectrum
for these sources, and are therefore ideal for dust-temperature and column
density modeling. With these data and a near-IR extinction map, the MIPS 70
micron mosaic, the SCUBA 850 micron map, and the IRAM 1.3 mm map, we model the
dust-temperature and column density of CB244 and present the first measured
dust-temperature map of an entire star-forming molecular cloud. We find that
the column-averaged dust-temperature near the protostar is ~ 17.7 K, while for
the starless core it is ~ 10.6K, and that the effect of external heating causes
the cloud dust-temperature to rise to ~ 17 K where the hydrogen column density
drops below 10^21 cm^-2. The total hydrogen mass of CB244 (assuming a distance
of 200 pc) is 15 +/- 5 M_sun. The mass of the protostellar core is 1.6 +/- 0.1
M_sun and the mass of the starless core is 5 +/- 2 M_sun, indicating that ~ 45%
of the mass in the globule is participating in the star-formation process.Comment: Accepted for A&A Herschel Special Issue; 5 pages, 2 figure
The structured environments of embedded star-forming cores. PACS and SPIRE mapping of the enigmatic outflow source UYSO 1
The intermediate-mass star-forming core UYSO 1 has previously been found to
exhibit intriguing features. While deeply embedded and previously only
identified by means of its (sub-)millimeter emission, it drives two powerful,
dynamically young, molecular outflows. Although the process of star formation
has obviously started, the chemical composition is still pristine. We present
Herschel PACS and SPIRE continuum data of this presumably very young region.
The now complete coverage of the spectral energy peak allows us to precisely
constrain the elevated temperature of 26 - 28 K for the main bulge of gas
associated with UYSO1, which is located at the interface between the hot HII
region Sh 2-297 and the cold dark nebula LDN 1657A. Furthermore, the data
identify cooler compact far-infrared sources of just a few solar masses, hidden
in this neighbouring dark cloud.Comment: accepted contribution for the forthcoming Herschel Special Issue of
A&A, 5 pages (will appear as 4-page letter in the journal), 6 figure file
Towards the electron EDM search: Theoretical study of HfF+
We report first ab initio relativistic correlation calculations of potential
curves for ten low-lying electronic states, effective electric field on the
electron and hyperfine constants for the ^3\Delta_1 state of cation of a heavy
transition metal fluoride, HfF^+, that is suggested to be used as the working
state in experiments to search for the electric dipole moment of the electron.
It is shown that HfF^+ has deeply bound ^1\Sigma^+ ground state, its
dissociation energy is D_e=6.4 eV. The ^3\Delta_1 state is obtained to be the
relatively long-lived first excited state lying about 0.2 eV higher. The
calculated effective electric field E_eff=W_d|\Omega| acting on an electron in
this state is 5.84*10^{24}Hz/(e*cm)Comment: 4 page
Gas-phase CO depletion and N2H+ abundances in starless cores
Seven isolated, nearby low-mass starless molecular cloud cores have been
observed as part of the Herschel key program Earliest Phases of Star formation
(EPoS). By applying a ray-tracing technique to the obtained continuum emission
and complementary (sub)mm emission maps, we derive the physical structure
(density, dust temperature) of these cloud cores. We present observations of
the 12CO, 13CO, and C18O (2-1) and N2H+ (1-0) transitions towards the same
cores. Based on the density and temperature profiles, we apply time-dependent
chemical and line-radiative transfer modeling and compare the modeled to the
observed molecular emission profiles. CO is frozen onto the grains in the
center of all cores in our sample. The level of CO depletion increases with
hydrogen density and ranges from 46% up to more than 95% in the core centers in
the core centers in the three cores with the highest hydrogen density. The
average hydrogen density at which 50% of CO is frozen onto the grains is
1.1+-0.4 10^5 cm^-3. At about this density, the cores typically have the
highest relative abundance of N2H+. The cores with higher central densities
show depletion of N2H+ at levels of 13% to 55%. The chemical ages for the
individual species are on average 2+-1 10^5 yr for 13CO, 6+-3 10^4 yr for C18O,
and 9+-2 10^4 yr for N2H+. Chemical modeling indirectly suggests that the gas
and dust temperatures decouple in the envelopes and that the dust grains are
not yet significantly coagulated. We observationally confirm chemical models of
CO-freezeout and nitrogen chemistry. We find clear correlations between the
hydrogen density and CO depletion and the emergence of N2H+. The chemical ages
indicate a core lifetime of less than 1 Myr.Comment: 24 pages, 25 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy and
Astrophysic
Sub MeV Particles Detection and Identification in the MUNU detector ((1)ISN, IN2P3/CNRS-UJF, Grenoble, France, (2)Institut de Physique, Neuch\^atel, Switzerland, (3) INFN, Padova Italy, (4) Physik-Institut, Z\"{u}rich, Switzerland)
We report on the performance of a 1 m TPC filled with CF at 3
bar, immersed in liquid scintillator and viewed by photomultipliers. Particle
detection, event identification and localization achieved by measuring both the
current signal and the scintillation light are presented. Particular features
of particle detection are also discussed. Finally, the Mn
photopeak, reconstructed from the Compton scattering and recoil angle is shown.Comment: Latex, 19 pages, 20 figure
Ecological study of aquatic midges and some related insects with special reference to feeding habits
Die Schweiz ist ein reiches Land. Sie verfügt über viele Millionäre. Der große Reichtum konzentriert sich auf wenige Familien und Personen. In der Schweiz leben aber auch eine halbe Million der Bevölkerung (7,5 Mio.) in Haushalten von Erwerbstätigen, die weniger als das Existenzminimum verdienen. Über 200‘000 Personen sind auf Sozialhilfe angewiesen. Bei den Vermögen und den verfügbaren Einkommen hat sich in den letzten Jahren die Kluft zwischen den obersten und untersten zehn Prozent verschärft. Die Zunahme der sozialen Ungleichheit erhöht die soziale Brisanz, was mehr zu ergründen ist. Die soziale Differenzierung dokumentiert Prozesse der Globalisierung. Sie reproduziert und spezifiziert alte soziale Ungleichheiten. Wichtig ist, dass die Soziale Arbeit das thematisiert und weiter theoretisiert
Search for the electric dipole moment of the electron with thorium monoxide
The electric dipole moment of the electron (eEDM) is a signature of
CP-violating physics beyond the Standard Model. We describe an ongoing
experiment to measure or set improved limits to the eEDM, using a cold beam of
thorium monoxide (ThO) molecules. The metastable state in ThO
has important advantages for such an experiment. We argue that the statistical
uncertainty of an eEDM measurement could be improved by as much as 3 orders of
magnitude compared to the current experimental limit, in a first-generation
apparatus using a cold ThO beam. We describe our measurements of the state
lifetime and the production of ThO molecules in a beam, which provide crucial
data for the eEDM sensitivity estimate. ThO also has ideal properties for the
rejection of a number of known systematic errors; these properties and their
implications are described.Comment: v2: Equation (11) correcte
The Size Evolution of Passive Galaxies: Observations from the Wide Field Camera 3 Early Release Science Program
We present results on the size evolution of passively evolving galaxies at
1<z<2 drawn from the Wide Field Camera 3 Early Release Science program. Our
sample was constructed using an analog to the passive BzK selection criterion,
which isolates galaxies with little or no on-going star formation at z>1.5. We
identify 30 galaxies in ~40 square arcmin to H<25 mag. We supplement
spectroscopic redshifts from the literature with photometric redshifts
determined from the 15-band photometry from 0.22-8 micron. We determine
effective radii from Sersic profile fits to the H-band image using an empirical
PSF. We find that size evolution is a strong function of stellar mass, with the
most massive (M* ~ 10^11 Msol) galaxies undergoing the most rapid evolution
from z~2 to the present. Parameterizing the size evolution as (1+z)^{-alpha},
we find a tentative scaling between alpha and stellar mass of alpha ~ -1.8+1.4
log(M*/10^9 Msol). We briefly discuss the implications of this result for our
understanding of the dynamical evolution of the red galaxies.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Submitted to Ap
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