Toward an Asian American Antiracist Pedagogy for First Year Writing

This thesis seeks to demonstrate a need for an antiracist writing curriculum in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, which contributed to an upswing of violent acts against Asians and Asian Americans living in the United States. Asian Americans have faced fluctuating status over the course of this country’s history, yet these stories are hardly represented by the canon and are instead misconstrued by hegemonic narratives. I seek to speak back against these narratives by designing a writing course based on critical race counterstory—those lived experiences that conflict with mainstream perceptions. By designing a methodological framework for teaching first-year writing through an Asian American counterstory lens, I aim to reveal the potential impacts of an Asian American antiracist curriculum and pedagogy in first-year writing and the roles that positionality and counterstory play in this type of pedagogy. Additionally, I seek to explain the affordances and constraints of an Asian American antiracist pedagogy on students at a predominantly white institution in the hopes that other educators will take up the journey toward a more socially-just, ethical, and culturally-responsive writing pedagogy

Translating Research Into Practice: Speeding the Adoption of Innovative Health Care Programs

Looks at case studies of four innovative clinical programs to determine key factors influencing the diffusion and adoption of innovations in health care

Geochemical and microbiological controls on the transport of uranium through soil

Widespread use of depleted uranium (DU) in munitions around the world has raised questions about contamination of soils, water and vegetation with uranium (U). However, understanding of processes controlling the fate and behaviour of U in soils is poor. The aim of this research was to investigate the contributions of abiotic and biotic processes to U transport in soils, by measuring transport in well-controlled experimental systems, and comparing the results with predictions of models of solute transport and reaction. Investigating the role of abiotic processes is challenging due to the complex speciation chemistry of U in soil solutions, sorption reactions with soil surfaces, and the kinetics of local equilibration with soil particles. To simplify the system, the self- diffusion of 235 U against 238 U isotopes was considered, such that speciation and sorption environments were constant. Rates of self-diffusion of these isotopes were measured in four contrasting soils, together with the components of the soil U diffusion coefficient. The results showed that U diffusion was controlled by sorption processes in all the soils, and that slow local-equilibration processes had a major effect. The concentration-distance profiles of U in the soils could not be explained with a simple model assuming instantaneous solid:solution equilibration, and some U spread far further than predicted for equilibrium sorption. Differences in U sorption between the soils were not simply related to differences in soil pH, clay content, CEC or mineralogy. To investigate biotic effects, rates of bulk diffusion of U were measured in sterilised soil, and soil in which prokaryotes or eukaryotes were inhibited by biocides. Slow local-equilibration processes were again found to affect diffusion, but transport was also somewhat increased by biotic processes, hypothesised to be due to differences in CO2 pressure arising from microbial activity and thereby U speciation. This has implications for the effects of perturbation on rates of U transport through soil.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Mapping and validating predictions of soil bacterial biodiversity using European and national scale datasets

Recent research has highlighted strong correlations between soil edaphic parameters and bacterial biodiversity. Here we seek to explore these relationships across the European Union member states with respect to mapping bacterial biodiversity at the continental scale. As part of the EU FP7 EcoFINDERs project, bacterial communities from 76 soil samples taken across Europe were assessed from eleven countries encompassing Arctic to Southern Mediterranean climes, representing a diverse range of soil types and land uses (grassland, forest and arable land). We found predictable relationships between community biodiversity (ordination site scores) and land use factors as well as soil properties such as pH. Based on the modelled relationship between soil pH and bacterial biodiversity found for the surveyed soils, we were able to predict biodiversity in ∼1000 soils for which soil pH data had been collected as part of national scale monitoring. We then performed interpolative mapping utilising existing EU wide soil pH data to present the first map of bacterial biodiversity across the EU member states. The predictive accuracy of the map was assessed again using the national scale data, but this time contrasting the EU wide spatial predictions with point data on bacterial communities. Generally the maps were useful at predicting broad extremes of biodiversity reflective of low or high pH soils, though predictive accuracy was limited for Britain particularly for organic/acidic soil communities. Spatial accuracy could however be increased by utilising published maps of soil pH calculated using geostatistical approaches at both global and national scales. These findings will contribute to wider efforts to predict and understand the spatial distribution of soil biodiversity at global scales. Further work should focus on enhancing the predictive power of such maps, by harmonising global datasets on soil conditioning parameters, soil properties and biodiversity; and the continued efforts to advance the geostatistical modelling of specific components of soil biodiversity at local to global scales

The Lantern Vol. 4, No. 1, December 1935

• A Challenge to All • The Tree • College With a Purpose • Midnight Clouds • Exultation • Pagan Festival • Ah Childhood! • From Brain to Brawn • Pictures in the Sky • Winds • In Absolution • Clouds in a Hot, Red Sky • Out of Douche and Latin • Satan Calls a Conference • Emptiness • A Portly Gentleman Intrudeshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1014/thumbnail.jp

Soil parameters, land use, and geographical distance drive soil bacterial communities along a European transect

To better understand the relationship between soil bacterial communities, soil physicochemical properties, land use and geographical distance, we considered for the first time ever a European transect running from Sweden down to Portugal and from France to Slovenia. We investigated 71 sites based on their range of variation in soil properties (pH, texture and organic matter), climatic conditions (Atlantic, alpine, boreal, continental, Mediterranean) and land uses (arable, forest and grassland). 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing revealed that bacterial communities highly varied in diversity, richness, and structure according to environmental factors. At the European scale, taxa area relationship (TAR) was significant, supporting spatial structuration of bacterial communities. Spatial variations in community diversity and structure were mainly driven by soil physicochemical parameters. Within soil clusters (k-means approach) corresponding to similar edaphic and climatic properties, but to multiple land uses, land use was a major driver of the bacterial communities. Our analyses identified specific indicators of land use (arable, forest, grasslands) or soil conditions (pH, organic C, texture). These findings provide unprecedented information on soil bacterial communities at the European scale and on the drivers involved; possible applications for sustainable soil management are discussed

Medication diaries do not improve outcomes with highly active antiretroviral therapy in Kenyan children: a randomized clinical trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>As highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) becomes increasingly available to African children, it is important to evaluate simple and feasible methods of improving adherence in order to maximize benefits of therapy.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>HIV-1-infected children initiating World Health Organization non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase-inhibitor-containing first-line HAART regimens were randomized to use medication diaries plus counselling, or counselling only (the control arm of the study). The diaries were completed daily by caregivers of children randomized to the diary and counselling arm for nine months. HIV-1 RNA, CD4+ T cell count, and z-scores for weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height were measured at a baseline and every three to six months. Self-reported adherence was assessed by questionnaires for nine months.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Ninety HIV-1-infected children initiated HAART, and were followed for a median of 15 months (interquartile range: 2–21). Mean CD4 percentage was 17.2% in the diary arm versus 16.3% in the control arm at six months (p = 0.92), and 17.6% versus 18.9% at 15 months (p = 0.36). Virologic response with HIV-1 RNA of <100 copies/ml at nine months was similar between the two arms (50% for the diary arm and 36% for the control, p = 0.83). The weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height at three, nine and 15 months after HAART initiation were similar between arms. A trend towards lower self-reported adherence was observed in the diary versus the control arm (85% versus 92%, p = 0.08).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Medication diaries did not improve clinical and virologic response to HAART over a 15-month period. Children had good adherence and clinical response without additional interventions. This suggests that paediatric HAART with conventional counselling can be a successful approach. Further studies on targeted approaches for non-adherent children will be important.</p

International Perspectives on Nonformal Education

The New England Regional Meeting of the Comparative and International Education Society was held on the campus of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, on 3 May, 1979. The conference was co-sponsored by the Division of Community Education, Springfield College, and the Center for International Education, School of Education, University of Massachusetts. The theme of the conference was International Perspectives on Nonformal Education. The papers delivered ranged in topics from the use of traditional art forms and poetry as a medium of nonformal education to the discussion of the philosophical foundations underlying the field. Case studies of specific nonformal education projects helped to highlight the conference. A total fifteen papers were delivered, all of which are included in their original form in this document. The papers represent the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the organizers