2,436 research outputs found
Coplanar interconnection module
Module for interconnecting a semiconductor array to external leads or components incorporates a metal external heat sink for cooling the array. Heat sink, extending down from the molded block that supports the array, is immersed in a liquid nitrogen bath which is designed to maintain the desired array temperature
Do actions occur inside the body?
The paper offers a critical examination of Jennifer Hornsby's view that actions are internal to the body. It focuses on three of Hornsby's central claims: (P) many actions are bodily movements (in a special sense of the word âmovementâ) (Q) all actions are tryings; and (R) all actions occur inside the body. It is argued, contra Hornsby, that we may accept (P) and (Q) without accepting also the implausible (R). Two arguments are first offered in favour of the thesis (Contrary-R): that no actions occur inside the body. Three of Hornsby's arguments in favour of R are then examined. It is argued that we need to make a distinction between the causes and the causings of bodily movements (in the ordinary sense of the word âmovementâ) and that actions ought to be identified with the latter rather than the former. This distinction is then used to show how Hornsby's arguments for (R) may be resisted
People should be allowed to do what they likeâ: Autistic adultsâ views and experiences of stimming
This is the final version. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.Data from participants who consented will be deposited in the
UK Data Service, in 2019.âStereotyped or repetitive motor movementsâ are characterised as core features in the diagnosis of autism, yet many
autistic adults (and the neurodiversity movement) have reclaimed them as âstimmingâ. Supported by a growing body of
scientific research, autistic adults argue that these behaviours may serve as useful coping mechanisms, yet little research
has examined stimming from the perspective of autistic adults. Through interviews and focus groups, we asked 32
autistic adults to share their perceptions and experiences of stimming, including the reasons they stim, any value doing
so may hold for them and their perceptions of othersâ reactions to stimming. Using thematic analysis, we identified
two themes: stimming as (1) a self-regulatory mechanism and (2) lacking in social acceptance, but can become accepted
through understanding. Autistic adults highlighted the importance of stimming as an adaptive mechanism that helps
them to soothe or communicate intense emotions or thoughts and thus objected to treatment that aims to eliminate
the behaviour.Wellcome TrustLeverhulme Trus
Personal and sub-personal: a defence of Dennett's early distinction
Since 1969, when Dennett introduced a distinction between personal and subâpersonal levels of explanation, many philosophers have used âsubâpersonalâ very loosely, and Dennett himself has abandoned a view of the personal level as genuinely autonomous. I recommend a position in which Dennett's original distinction is crucial, by arguing that the phenomenon called mental causation is on view only at the properly personal level. If one retains the commitââ ments incurred by Dennett's early distinction, then one has a satisfactory antiâphysicalistic, antiâdualist philosophy of mind. It neither interferes with the projects of subâpersonal psychology, nor encourages ; instrumentalism at the personal level.
People lose sight of Dennettâs personal/sub-personal distinction because they free it from its philosophical moorings. A distinction that serves a philosophical purpose is typically rooted in doctrine; it cannot be lifted out of context and continue to do its work. So I shall start from Dennettâs distinction as I read it in its original context. And when I speak of âthe distinctionâ, I mean to point not only towards the terms that Dennett first used to define it but also towards the philosophical setting within which its work was cut out
Prognostic factors in high and intermediate grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
An analysis of prognostic factors has been performed on 260 patients with high and intermediate grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) treated over an 11-year period between 1975 and 1986. The overall 5-year survival rate was 50% with a median follow-up of 72 months. Over 20 clinical, radiological and laboratory parameters have been studied, including variables reported to be important indicators of prognosis in previous series, and these variables have been subjected to univariate and multivariate analysis. Attainment of complete remission (CR) was the most important predictor of overall survival, low serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), limited stage disease and a high serum albumin were also independently associated with prolonged survival in multivariate analysis. After removing remission status from the model, Ann Arbor clinical stage became the most significant pre-treatment prognostic indicator. Sixty-five per cent of patients achieved CR, and a discriminant analysis showed that failure to attain CR was associated with advanced stage disease, constitutional symptoms, increasing patient age, a low serum albumin and the presence of bulk disease. Advanced clinical stage and an elevated serum LDH predicted independently for a poor relapse-free survival, and reduced overall survival following CR. There was no significant correlation between histological subtype in the Kiel classification and prognosis. This study confirms the prognostic significance of remission status and Ann Arbor clinical stage, and illustrates additional factors including serum levels of albumin and LDH, which serve to enhance the pre-treatment prognostic evaluation of patients with unfavourable histology NHL
(G)hosting television: Ghostwatch and its medium
This articleâs subject is Ghostwatch (BBC, 1992), a drama broadcast on Halloween night of 1992 which adopted the rhetoric of live non-fiction programming, and attracted controversy and ultimately censure from the Broadcasting Standards Council. In what follows, we argue that Ghostwatch must be understood as a televisually-specific artwork and artefact. We discuss the programmeâs ludic relationship with some key features of television during what Ellis (2000) has termed its era of âavailabilityâ, principally liveness, mass simultaneous viewing, and the flow of the television super-text. We trace the programmeâs television-specific historicity whilst acknowledging its allusions and debts to other media (most notably film and radio). We explore the sophisticated ways in which Ghostwatchâs visual grammar and vocabulary and deployment of âbroadcast talkâ (Scannell 1991) variously ape, comment upon and subvert the rhetoric of factual programming, and the ends to which these strategies are put. We hope that these arguments collectively demonstrate the aesthetic and historical significance of Ghostwatch and identify its relationship to its medium and that mediumâs history. We offer the programme as an historically-reflexive artefact, and as an exemplary instance of the work of art in televisionâs age of broadcasting, liveness and co-presence
Coupled Numerical Analysis of Variations in the Capacity of Driven Energy Piles in Clay
Energy piles are an emerging alternative for the reduction of energy consumption to heat and cool buildings. Most of the research to date has focused on thermodynamic properties or axial and radial stress and strain of piles. This paper focuses on the effects of temperature fluctuation on the capacity of driven energy piles in clayey soils. Consolidation of clay surrounding driven piles affects the pile capacity (i.e., set up in clay). The heating and cooling periods of energy piles can create the excess pore-water pressure (EPWP, ue) or relax the existing one (e.g., due to pile driving or previous thermal loads) in clayey soils (due to the contraction and expansion of water) affecting the pile capacity. In the meantime, the thermal expansion and contraction of the pile also generate or relax the EPWP in the soil, which can be computed using the cavity-expansion theory. This paper studies the resulting changes in the pile capacity due to the daily and seasonal thermal cycles. The results show that thermal cycles in an energy pile can cause a decrease in the pile capacity leading to a delay in reaching the capacity after a complete clay set up
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