1985 riprap tests in flood control channels

CER85-86-JFR-AS-SRA-EVR-17.Includes bibliographical references (page 42).August, 1985.Prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station

Ecological integrity and western water management: a Colorado perspective

Sept. 1995.Includes bibliographical references

Double Beta Decay

We review recent developments in double-beta decay, focusing on what can be learned about the three light neutrinos in future experiments. We examine the effects of uncertainties in already measured neutrino parameters and in calculated nuclear matrix elements on the interpretation of upcoming double-beta decay measurements. We then review a number of proposed experiments.Comment: Some typos corrected, references corrected and added. A less blurry version of figure 3 is available from authors. 41 pages, 5 figures, submitted to J. Phys.

The cardiomyocyte disrupts pyrimidine biosynthesis in non-myocytes to regulate heart repair

Various populations of cells are recruited to the heart after cardiac injury, but little is known about whether cardiomyocytes directly regulate heart repair. Using a murine model of ischemic cardiac injury, we demonstrate that cardiomyocytes play a pivotal role in heart repair by regulating nucleotide metabolism and fates of nonmyocytes. Cardiac injury induced the expression of the ectonucleotidase ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), which hydrolyzes extracellular ATP to form AMP. In response to AMP, cardiomyocytes released adenine and specific ribonucleosides that disrupted pyrimidine biosynthesis at the orotidine monophosphate (OMP) synthesis step and induced genotoxic stress and p53-mediated cell death of cycling nonmyocytes. As nonmyocytes are critical for heart repair, we showed that rescue of pyrimidine biosynthesis by administration of uridine or by genetic targeting of the ENPP1/AMP pathway enhanced repair after cardiac injury. We identified ENPP1 inhibitors using small molecule screening and showed that systemic administration of an ENPP1 inhibitor after heart injury rescued pyrimidine biosynthesis in nonmyocyte cells and augmented cardiac repair and postinfarct heart function. These observations demonstrate that the cardiac muscle cell regulates pyrimidine metabolism in nonmuscle cells by releasing adenine and specific nucleosides after heart injury and provide insight into how intercellular regulation of pyrimidine biosynthesis can be targeted and monitored for augmenting tissue repair

Interactivity and Reward-Related Neural Activation during a Serious Videogame

This study sought to determine whether playing a “serious” interactive digital game (IDG) – the Re-Mission videogame for cancer patients – activates mesolimbic neural circuits associated with incentive motivation, and if so, whether such effects stem from the participatory aspects of interactive gameplay, or from the complex sensory/perceptual engagement generated by its dynamic event-stream. Healthy undergraduates were randomized to groups in which they were scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) as they either actively played Re-Mission or as they passively observed a gameplay audio-visual stream generated by a yoked active group subject. Onset of interactive game play robustly activated mesolimbic projection regions including the caudate nucleus and nucleus accumbens, as well as a subregion of the parahippocampal gyrus. During interactive gameplay, subjects showed extended activation of the thalamus, anterior insula, putamen, and motor-related regions, accompanied by decreased activation in parietal and medial prefrontal cortex. Offset of interactive gameplay activated the anterior insula and anterior cingulate. Between-group comparisons of within-subject contrasts confirmed that mesolimbic activation was significantly more pronounced in the active playgroup than in the passive exposure control group. Individual difference analyses also found the magnitude of parahippocampal activation following gameplay onset to correlate with positive attitudes toward chemotherapy assessed both at the end of the scanning session and at an unannounced one-month follow-up. These findings suggest that IDG-induced activation of reward-related mesolimbic neural circuits stems primarily from participatory engagement in gameplay (interactivity), rather than from the effects of vivid and dynamic sensory stimulation

Transport relationships between bedload traps and a 3-inch Helley-Smith sampler in coarse gravel-bed streams and development of adjustment functions

December 2009.Includes bibliographical references

AGU hydrology days 2005

2005 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 7 - March 9, 2005.Includes bibliographical references.Working at the Fraser Experimental Forest for more than 20 years, Chuck Troendle used the data of continuous streamflow and annual sediment load collected at the weir ponds/debris basins to analyze the effect of logging on runoff and sediment yield. He also predicted the annual sediment loads accumulated in the basins from hydrological data. Chuck then turned to using weir ponds/debris basins as a calibration tool to evaluate the sampling efficiency of bedload sampling devices. With this, he initiated several successor studies. Some evaluated if different placement of Helley-Smith samplers affected their catch and if different types of Helley-Smith samplers collected different amounts. Another study accessed if transport rates, collected in hanging baskets match those predicted from a transport equation, while two others analyzed the sampling efficiency of bedload traps. These tow studies indicated that substantial refinements in the estimates of the debris basin gravel mass and the computation of annual load from the bedload traps was needed before their sampling efficiency could be assessed which then ranged from 01.8 to 1.2. Improvements in the remaining uncertainty require that bedload be sampled or monitored continuously over the entire highflow season. The East St. Louis Creek debris basin has not only answered many of Chuck's research questions, it has also been very useful to the research of others and has the potential to become a nationally recognized research site