18 research outputs found
Ethics Education in the First Year: An Experiment
Bundy presents an account of the University of California at Berkeley\u27s School of Law\u27s experiment with teaching the required professional responsibility course in the first year. During this experiment, the faculty members involved in the course developed a strong set of teaching materials and a strong commitment to teaching from those materials
Knowledge About Legal Sanctions
Ironically, the dictum that ignorance of the law is no excuse itself illustrates selective transmission because, despite the widespread dissemination of this maxim to the public, ignorance of the law often is a permissible defense in actual adjudication. The divergence between the maxim and reality is a form of selective transmission that encourages individuals to learn the law, which improves their behavior, but avoids any injustice that would arise from punishing uninformed individuals for conduct they reasonably believed was lawful. We aim to offer a more systematic account of whether and when knowledge about legal sanctions, and restrictions on the dissemination or use of such knowledge, are socially desirable
Large-Scale Imputation of KIR Copy Number and HLA Alleles in North American and European Psoriasis Case-Control Cohorts Reveals Association of Inhibitory KIR2DL2 With Psoriasis
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) regulate immune responses in NK and CD8+ T cells via interaction with HLA ligands. KIR genes, including KIR2DS1, KIR3DL1, and KIR3DS1 have previously been implicated in psoriasis susceptibility. However, these previous studies were constrained to small sample sizes, in part due to the time and expense required for direct genotyping of KIR genes. Here, we implemented KIR*IMP to impute KIR copy number from single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 19 in the discovery cohort (n=11,912) from the PAGE consortium, University of California San Francisco, and the University of Dundee, and in a replication cohort (n=66,357) from Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Stratified multivariate logistic regression that accounted for patient ancestry and high-risk HLA alleles revealed that KIR2DL2 copy number was significantly associated with psoriasis in the discovery cohort (p โค 0.05). The KIR2DL2 copy number association was replicated in the Kaiser Permanente replication cohort. This is the first reported association of KIR2DL2 copy number with psoriasis and highlights the importance of KIR genetics in the pathogenesis of psoriasis
Ichnology, paleopedology, & sedimentology of the Cubango Megafan core: Using bioturbation to interpret environment, soil formation, sediment accumulation rate, hydrology, & climate
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The Policy in Favor of Settlement in an Adversary System
In recent years the settlement of pending civil cases has become an avowed goal of federal judicial administration. This Article considers whether this new policy favoring settlement is justified and how the policy ought to be implemented. The new policy differs from prior settlement preferences in rejecting the assumption, basic to the adversary system, that represented parties\u27 decisions to continue litigation generally serve both the parties\u27 and the public interest.
This Article examines the premises of the policy favoring settlement in light of recent changes in federal litigation. Professor Bundy considers the private interest arguments in favor of settlement and concludes that the cumulative effects of those changes do not justify general, continuing skepticism about the prudence of party decisions to continue litigation. The Article then evaluates public interest claims in favor of settlement and concludes that settling pending federal court cases will not generally serve public goals.
The Article concludes by analyzing issues on the current reform agenda, focusing on the mandatory pretrial conference under Rule 16 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, the appropriate judicial role in settlement bargaining, and the limits of compelled participation in judicial mediation. Professor Bundy argues that compelled mediation to prevent bargaining breakdowns might well increase both the private and public value of litigation outcomes, but that more intrusive intervention to improve party deliberation or to promote just outcomes is unjustified
Court-Annexed Alternative Dispute Resolution in the United States and Korea: A Comparative Analysis
๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ๊ตญ์์๋ ๋ฒ์์ด ๊ด์ฌํ๋ ๋์์ ๋ถ์ํด๊ฒฐ์ ๋(ADR)๋ฅผ ํตํ์ฌ ๋ฏผ
์ฌ์ฌ๊ฑด์ ํด๊ฒฐํ๋ ์ ๋๋ฅผ ์ ์ฐฉ์ํค๊ธฐ ์ํ์ฌ ๋
ธ๋ ฅํ์ฌ ์๋ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์์๋ ๊ธ์ฆ
ํ๋ ์์ก์ฌ๊ฑด์ ์ ์ ํ๊ฒ ํด๊ฒฐํ๊ธฐ ์ํ์ฌ ์ฌ๋ฒ๊ฐํ์์
์ ์ผํ์ผ๋ก ๋ฒ์์ด
๊ด์ฌํ๋ ADR์ ๋์
ํ์๋๋ฐ, ๊ทธ ๋ชฉ์ ์ ์์ก๋น์ฉ์ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐํ๊ณ ์์ก์ง์ฐ์ ์ต
์ ํ๋ฉด์๋ ๋ณด๋ค ์ ์ ํ ๋ถ์ํด๊ฒฐ์ ์ถ๊ตฌํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด์๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฐ๋ฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฒ์ฌํํ
์๋ค์ ๊ฒฝํ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋ฒ์์ด ๊ด์ฌํ๋ ADR์ด ๋ณธ๋ ์ถ๊ตฌํ์๋ ๋ชฉ์ ์ ๋ชจ
๋ ๋ฌ์ฑํ์๋ค๊ณ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ด ๋ฐํ์ก๋ค. ๋น๋ก ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ๊ตญ์ ์ฌ๋ฒ์ ๋๊ฐ
๋งค์ฐ ๋ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋ ํ์ง๋ง, ์์ ๊ฐ์ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ ํ๊ตญ ๋ฒ์์ ๊ณผ์คํ ์
๋ฌด
๋ถ๋ด์ ํด๊ฒฐํ๋ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ์ฌ ์ฝ๊ฐ์ ์์ฌ์ ์ ์ ๊ณตํ ์ ์๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐํ๋ค.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ ๋ฏผ์ฌ์์ก์ ์ฐจ๋ ๋น์ฌ์์ฃผ์์ ๊ธฐ์ดํ๊ณ ์๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์, ํ์ฌ๋ ์ ์ฐจ์ ์ผ
๋ก ๋งค์ฐ ์๋์ ์ธ ์ญํ ๋ง์ ๋ด๋นํ๊ณ ์๋ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์์๋ ์๋ฐฉ ๋น์ฌ์๊ฐ
Discovery ๋ฑ์ ํตํ์ฌ ์์จ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ์ค๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ท๋ช
ํ๋ ๋ฑ ๋น์ฌ์๊ฐ ๋ชจ๋ ์
์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ํ๊ณ ์๊ณ , ๋ฐ๋ผ์ ๋ฏผ์ฌ๋ถ์์ ํด๊ฒฐ์ ๊ดํ์ฌ ๋ณํธ์ฌ๋ค์ด ํต์ฌ์ ์ธ ์ญ
ํ ์ ํ๊ณ ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณํธ์ฌ์ ์ซ์๋ ์๋นํ ๋ง๋ค.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์์๋ 1960๋
๋ ์ดํ ๋ฏผ์ฌ์์ก์ฌ๊ฑด์ด ๊ธ์ฆํ์๊ณ , ์๋น์์ ์์ก์ฌ๊ฑด์
๊ทธ ๋ด์ฉ๋ ๋งค์ฐ ๋ณต์กํ๊ฒ ๋์๋ค. ์ด์ ๊ดํ์ฌ ์ผ๋ถ ๋ฒํ์(๊ฐํ๋ก ์)๋ค์ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ
์ธ๋ค์ด ์ ๋ณ๋๊ฒ ์์กํ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข์ํ๊ณ ๋ณํธ์ฌ๊ฐ ์ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ํ๊ณ ์๋ ๋
ํนํ
์ฌ๋ฒ์ ๋ ๋๋ฌธ์ ์์กํญ๋ฐ(litigation explosion)์ด๋ผ๋ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๋ฐ์ํ์๋ค๊ณ ์ฃผ
์ฅํ์๋ค. ํํธ, ํ์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฆ์์ํค๋ ์์ ๋จ์ํ ๋์ฒ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ฒ์์ ์ฌํ์
๋ฌด
๋ถ๋ด์ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ์ํค๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๊ฒ ๋์, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ํ์ ๋ฒ์์ ์ฌํ๊ดํ ๊ถ์ ์ ํํ๊ฑฐ๋..