1990 Convocation

Opening Selections: First Class Brass: Fats Waller, Strauss, Irving Berlin Processional: Jean Joseph Mouret Welcome: Dr. Ken Stanfield, Deputy Director, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Dr. Stephanie Pace Marshall, Executive Director; Mark Wu, Student Council President Introductions: Dr. Stephanie Pace Marshall Musical Selection: D. Gillis Keynote Speaker: Dr. Edward W. Kolb, Head, Theoretical Astrophysics Group, FermiNational Accelerator Laboratory; Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Enrico Fermi Institute, and the College, The University of Chicago Recessional: Rimsky-Korsako

Nonsymmorphic chiral symmetry and solitons in the Rice-Mele model

The Rice-Mele model has two topological and spatial-inversion-symmetric phases, namely, the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) phase with alternating hopping only, and the charge-density-wave (CDW) phase with alternating energies only. The chiral symmetry of the SSH phase is robust in position space, so that it is preserved in the presence of the ends of a finite system and of textures in the alternating hopping. However, the chiral symmetry of the CDW phase is nonsymmorphic, resulting in a breaking of the bulk topology by an end or a texture in the alternating energies. We consider the presence of solitons (textures in position space separating two degenerate ground states) in finite systems with open boundary conditions. We identify the parameter range under which an atomically sharp soliton in the CDW phase supports a localized state which lies within the band gap, and we calculate the expectation value py of the nonsymmorphic chiral operator for this state, and the soliton electric charge. As the spatial extent of the soliton increases beyond the atomic limit, the energy level approaches zero exponentially quickly or in a manner inversely proportional to the width, depending on microscopic details of the soliton texture. In both cases, the difference of py from 1 is inversely proportional to the soliton width, while the charge is independent of the width. We investigate the robustness of the soliton level in the presence of disorder and sample-to-sample parameter variations, comparing it with a single soliton level in the SSH phase with an odd number of sites

Exposure to Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs during Pregnancy and the Risk of Selected Birth Defects: A Prospective Cohort Study

Contains fulltext : 97906.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Since use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during pregnancy is common, small increases in the risk of birth defects may have significant implications for public health. Results of human studies on the teratogenic risks of NSAIDs are inconsistent. Therefore, we evaluated the risk of selected birth defects after prenatal exposure to prescribed and over-the-counter NSAIDs. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We used data on 69,929 women enrolled in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study between 1999 and 2006. Data on NSAID exposure were available from a self-administered questionnaire completed around gestational week 17. Information on pregnancy outcome was obtained from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Only birth defects suspected to be associated with NSAID exposure based upon proposed teratogenic mechanisms and previous studies were included in the multivariable logistic regression analyses. A total of 3,023 women used NSAIDs in gestational weeks 0-12 and 64,074 women did not report NSAID use in early pregnancy. No associations were observed between overall exposure to NSAIDs during pregnancy and the selected birth defects separately or as a group (adjusted odds ratio 0.7, 95% confidence interval 0.4-1.1). Associations between maternal use of specific types of NSAIDs and the selected birth defects were not found either, although an increased risk was seen for septal defects and exposure to multiple NSAIDs based on small numbers (2 exposed cases; crude odds ratio 3.9, 95% confidence interval 0.9-15.7). CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to NSAIDs during the first 12 weeks of gestation does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of the selected birth defects. However, due to the small numbers of NSAID-exposed infants for the individual birth defect categories, increases in the risks of specific birth defects could not be excluded

Phase 1 Outreach Plan- Buffalo, NY ITS4US Deployment Project

693JJ321C000005The Buffalo NY ITS4US Deployment Project seeks to improve mobility to, from, and within the Buffalo Niagara Medical Campus by deploying new and advanced technologies with a focus on addressing existing mobility and accessibility challenges. Examples of the technologies to be deployed are electric and self-driving shuttles, a trip planning app that is customized for accessible travel, intersections that use tactile and mobile technologies to enable travelers with disabilities to navigate intersections, and Smart Infrastructure to support outdoor and indoor wayfinding. The deployment geography includes the 120-acre Medical Campus and surrounding neighborhoods with a focus on three nearby neighborhoods (Fruit Belt, Masten Park, and Allentown) with underserved populations (low income, vision loss, deaf or hard of hearing, physical disabilities (including wheeled mobility device users) and older adults). This document is the Outreach Plan, which identifies the outreach efforts this pilot will perform to promote and ensure stakeholder engagement

Evolutionary Rate Covariation Identifies New Members of a Protein Network Required for Drosophila melanogaster Female Post-Mating Responses

Seminal fluid proteins transferred from males to females during copulation are required for full fertility and can exert dramatic effects on female physiology and behavior. In Drosophila melanogaster, the seminal protein sex peptide (SP) affects mated females by increasing egg production and decreasing receptivity to courtship. These behavioral changes persist for several days because SP binds to sperm that are stored in the female. SP is then gradually released, allowing it to interact with its female-expressed receptor. The binding of SP to sperm requires five additional seminal proteins, which act together in a network. Hundreds of uncharacterized male and female proteins have been identified in this species, but individually screening each protein for network function would present a logistical challenge. To prioritize the screening of these proteins for involvement in the SP network, we used a comparative genomic method to identify candidate proteins whose evolutionary rates across the Drosophila phylogeny co-vary with those of the SP network proteins. Subsequent functional testing of 18 co-varying candidates by RNA interference identified three male seminal proteins and three female reproductive tract proteins that are each required for the long-term persistence of SP responses in females. Molecular genetic analysis showed the three new male proteins are required for the transfer of other network proteins to females and for SP to become bound to sperm that are stored in mated females. The three female proteins, in contrast, act downstream of SP binding and sperm storage. These findings expand the number of seminal proteins required for SP's actions in the female and show that multiple female proteins are necessary for the SP response. Furthermore, our functional analyses demonstrate that evolutionary rate covariation is a valuable predictive tool for identifying candidate members of interacting protein networks. © 2014 Findlay et al

Of Beasts and Beauty: Gender, Race, and Identity in Colombia

All societies around the world and through time value beauty highly. Tracing the evolutions of the Colombian standards of beauty since 1845, Michael Edward Stanfield explores their significance to and symbiotic relationship with violence and inequality in the country. Arguing that beauty holds not only social power but also economic and political power, he positions it as a pacific and inclusive influence in a country “ripped apart by violence, private armies, seizures of land, and abuse of governmental authority, one hoping that female beauty could save it from the ravages of the male beast.” One specific means of obscuring those harsh realities is the beauty pageant, of which Colombia has over 300 per year. Stanfield investigates the ways in which these pageants reveal the effects of European modernity and notions of ethnicity on Colombian women, and how beauty for Colombians has become an external representation of order and morality that can counter the pathological effects of violence, inequality, and exclusion in their country.https://repository.usfca.edu/read_books/1047/thumbnail.jp

Of Beasts and Beauty : Gender, Race and Identity in Colombia

A lo largo de la historia, la belleza ha sido muy valorada, pues ha sido de suma importancia en los ámbitos sociales, económicos, culturales y políticos en distintas sociedades. En Colombia, la belleza de sus mujeres, conocida mundialmente, se ha convertido en una fachada para problemas profundamente arraigados en su realidad nacional. Aunque ha tenido pocas dictaduras y se ha destacado por sus gobiernos democráticos, sus abundantes recursos y su economía dinámica, en toda su historia este país nunca ha tenido un Gobierno incluyente y soberano. Además, muchos de sus ciudadanos han sido pobres y excluidos, debido a políticas elitistas que favorecen a ricos y poderosos. En este libro, Michael Edward Stanfield explora cómo ha evolucionado el concepto de belleza en la historia cultural del país, revelando las nuevas facetas de las construcciones tradicionales de género, las jerarquías raciales y sus señas de identidad. Para esto, estudia el desarrollo y la transformación del Concurso Nacional de Belleza y los más de tres mil concursos regionales que se hacen cada año en el país. Justamente porque en Colombia, una nación que se caracteriza tanto por sus altos niveles de violencia e inseguridad como por su cautivadora hermosura geográfica, cultural y femenina, la belleza no solo reina, sino que cura, distrae y, a menudo, mata.Throughout history, beauty has been highly valued, as it has been of utmost importance in the social, economic, cultural and political spheres in different societies. In Colombia, the beauty of its women, known worldwide, has become a facade for deeply rooted problems in its national reality. Although it has had few dictatorships and has stood out for its democratic governments, its abundant resources and its dynamic economy, in all its history this country has never had an inclusive and sovereign government. Furthermore, many of its citizens have been poor and excluded, due to elitist policies that favor the rich and powerful. In this book, Michael Edward Stanfield explores how the concept of beauty has evolved in the cultural history of the country, revealing the new facets of traditional gender constructions, racial hierarchies, and identity traits. For this, he studies the development and transformation of the National Beauty Contest and the more than three thousand regional competitions that are held each year in the country. Precisely because in Colombia, a nation characterized as much by its high levels of violence and insecurity as by its captivating geographical, cultural and feminine beauty, beauty not only reigns, but it heals, distracts and, often, kills.Bogot