Campus Community Readiness to Engage Measure: Its Utility for Campus Violence Prevention Initiatives—Preliminary Psychometrics

The researchers present preliminary psychometric information on a recently developed measure—the Campus Community Readiness to Engage Measure (CCREM)—which was developed as a tool for campuses to determine their readiness to address sexual assault (SA) and relationship abuse (RA). Participants were 353 community leaders and administrators at 131 colleges and universities across New England. Factor analytic results demonstrated that the CCREM had three factors for both SA and RA: denial (the campus community is unwilling to acknowledge that SA and RA are issues for the community), initiation (the campus community is beginning to create efforts to address SA and RA and some community members are involved), and sustainability (the campus has high levels of engagement from community members and longstanding efforts to address SA and RA). Whereas there was fair to moderate agreement among raters within the same community on the sustainability and initiation subscales, there was poor to fair agreement among raters within the same community on the denial subscale. Although additional measurement development research is needed, preliminary data suggest that the CCREM may be useful to campus communities in helping to initiate prevention initiatives and implement services related to SA and RA

The north-subducting Rheic Ocean during the Devonian: consequences for the Rhenohercynian ore sites

Base metal mining in the Rhenohercynian Zone has a long history. Middle-Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous sediment-hosted massive sulfide deposits (SHMS), volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits (VHMS) and Lahn-Dill-type iron, and base metal ores occur at several sites in the Rhenohercynian Zone that stretches from the South Portuguese Zone, through the Lizard area, the Rhenish Massif and the Harz Mountain to the Moravo-Silesian Zone of SW Bohemia. During Devonian to Early Carboniferous times, the Rhenohercynian Zone is seen as an evolving rift system developed on subsiding shelf areas of the Old Red continent. A reappraisal of the geotectonic setting of these ore deposits is proposed. The Middle-Upper Devonian to Early Carboniferous time period was characterized by detrital sedimentation, continental intraplate and subduction-related volcanism. The large shelf of the Devonian Old Red continent was the place of thermal subsidence with contemporaneous mobilization of rising thermal fluids along activated Early Devonian growth faults. Hydrothermal brines equilibrated with the basement and overlying Middle-Upper Devonian detrital deposits forming the SHMS deposits in the southern part of the Pyrite Belt, in the Rhenish Massif and in the Harz areas. Volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits (VHMS) formed in the more eastern localities of the Rhenohercynian domain. In contrast, since the Tournaisian period of ore formation, dominant pull-apart triggered magmatic emplacement of acidic rocks, and their metasomatic replacement in the apical zones of felsic domes and sediments in the northern part of the Iberian Pyrite belt, thus changing the general conditions of ore precipitation. This two-step evolution is thought to be controlled by syn- to post- tectonic phases in the Variscan framework, specifically by the transition of geotectonic setting dominated by crustal extension to a one characterized by the subduction of the supposed northern slab of the Rheic Ocean preceding the general Late Variscan crustal shortening and oroclinal bending

Micropaleontology of some Permian localities in the Tethyan realm: Inventory of foraminifers and calcareous algae, biostratigraphy and paleogeography

This inventory of Permian foraminifers and calcareous algae has been made for more than 5000 samples collected in six geographical areas (Fig.1). Almost all of them were taken from stratigraphical sections. This important and unique collection is kept at the Geological Museum of Lausanne (Switzerland) and are available on request to any further scientific investigations*. Several people carried out the field work. However, only one person is reponsible for the determinations in generea and species of these samples. Therefore, this work method offers a good homogeny of namings and has saved a lot of discussions over nomenclature. Some colleagues may not agree with one or more of the namings and we accept their dissensions. Nevertheless we adopted this method because we are sure that the homogeny of namings vouches for best correlations in both biostratigraphical and paleogeographical investigations. We already used with success this data set in geodynamical paleo-reconstruction maps (Jenny & Stampfli, 2000) (Chapter 3) and managed the same data through the Biograph Program (Savary & Guex, 1999) (Chapter 2). This program is able to compile a lot of data to extract maximal sets of intersecting taxa ranges. The objective was to establish discrete sequences of coexistence interval of taxa and ten to ensure good correlations for the different studied area

Usability and Acceptability of Corneal-Plane α-opic Dosimetry in a 24 h Field Trial

Background: Ocular light exposure influences our human physiology and be- havior. Recently, an international expert group published recommendations (Brown et al., PLoS Biology, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001571) for criterion light levels during day- time, evening and nighttime that support these non-visual influences. However, it is cur- rently unknown whether these criterion light-exposure levels are met in practice, necessi- tating wearable dosimeters. Here, we evaluated the use of a novel spectacle-mounted cor- neal-plane light dosimeter (Stampfli et al., CIE Proceedings, DOI: 10.25039/x48.2021.op18; https://light-dosimeter.ch/ accessed on 31 August 2022) to measure ocular light exposure. Methods: Eighteen (n = 18) full-time students (20.1 ± 1.6 years, 9 female) living in the Ox- ford Ring Road wore a light dosimeter-measuring photopic illuminance, CCT, α-opic ir- radiance and α-opic equivalent daylight illuminance (EDI) following CIE S 026/E:2018 as well as device tilt for a period of appr oximately 24 h in an unconstrained ecological set- ting. After the 24 h measurement period, participants completed Likert -scale question- naires probing social, usability and intrinsic motivation. Additionally, we asked for open- ended feedback and comments, which we subjected to a thematic analysis. Results: Ocu- lar light exposure profiles could be readily measured with the corneal-plane light dosim- eter, producing distinct temporal light exposure patterns that varied between different individuals. Participants rated wearing the device as acceptable and usable. The thematic analysis revealed two main themes that participants were concerned with: size, weight and stability of the device, and positive and negative reactions from other people. Con- clusion: Our study indicates that corneal-plane dosimetry may be feasible for measuring ocular light exposure in the field, leading to novel insights into the relationship between light exposure and physiological outcomes. The study highlights that for long- term use and convenience, miniaturization of sensors for use in the corneal plane may be necessary

Calculations of the A_1 phonon frequency in photoexcited Tellurium

Calculations of the A_1 phonon frequency in photoexcited tellurium are presented. The phonon frequency as a function of photoexcited carrier density and phonon amplitude is determined. Recent pump probe experiments are interpreted in the light of these calculatons. It is proposed that, in conjunction with measurements of the phonon period in ultra-fast pump-probe reflectivity experiments, the calculated frequency shifts can be used to infer the evolution of the density of photoexcited carriers on a sub-picosecond time-scale.Comment: 15 pages Latex, 3 postscript figure

Organization of pre-Variscan basement areas at the north-Gondwanan margin

Pre-Variscan basement elements of Central Europe appear in polymetamorphic domains juxtaposed through Variscan and/or Alpine tectonic events. Consequently, nomenclatures and zonations applied to Variscan and Alpine structures, respectively, cannot be valid for pre-Variscan structures. Comparing pre-Variscan relics hidden in the Variscan basement areas of Central Europe, the Alps included, large parallels between the evolution of basement areas of future Avalonia and its former peri- Gondwanan eastern prolongations (e.g. Cadomia, Intra-Alpine Terrane) become evident. Their plate-tectonic evolution from the Late Proterozoic to the Late Ordovician is interpreted as a continuous Gondwana-directed evolution. Cadomian basement, late Cadomian granitoids, late Proterozoic detrital sediments and active margin settings characterize the pre-Cambrian evolution of most of the Gondwana-derived microcontinental pieces. Also the Rheic ocean, separating Avalonia from Gondwana, should have had, at its early stages, a lateral continuation in the former eastern prolongation of peri-Gondwanan microcontinents (e.g. Cadomia, Intra-Alpine Terrane). Subduction of oceanic ridge (Proto-Tethys) triggered the break-off of Avalonia, whereas in the eastern prolongation, the presence of the ridge may have triggered the amalgamation of volcanic arcs and continental ribbons with Gondwana (Ordovician orogenic event). Renewed Gondwana-directed subduction led to the opening of Palaeo-Tethys

Theory for the ultrafast ablation of graphite films

The physical mechanisms for damage formation in graphite films induced by femtosecond laser pulses are analyzed using a microscopic electronic theory. We describe the nonequilibrium dynamics of electrons and lattice by performing molecular dynamics simulations on time-dependent potential energy surfaces. We show that graphite has the unique property of exhibiting two distinct laser induced structural instabilities. For high absorbed energies (> 3.3 eV/atom) we find nonequilibrium melting followed by fast evaporation. For low intensities above the damage threshold (> 2.0 eV/atom) ablation occurs via removal of intact graphite sheets.Comment: 5 pages RevTeX, 3 PostScript figures, submitted to Phys. Re

Ollo de Sapo Cambro-Ordovician volcanics from the Central Iberian basement—A multiphase evolution

The Cambro-Ordovician rhyodacitic to dacitic volcanics from the Central Iberian basement, currently known as Ollo de Sapo (toads eye), have been reported as a specific group of felsic porphyritic rocks with blue quartz and large phenocrysts of K- feldspar, in a partly vitreous or fine-grained matrix. Interpreted to form Cambro- Ordovician volcanic domes, they are accompanied by tuffs, ignimbrites and products of reworking in a near-surface environment. The coarse- to fine-grained rocks exhibit rather large K-feldspar phenocrysts, plagioclase and rounded blue quartz, representing former corroded phenocrysts. Their colouration indicates unmixing of TiO2 at around 900°C during cooling from relatively high crystallisation temperatures, indicating their origin at hot lower crustal conditions. We propose at least a two-step evolution (1) starting around 495 Ma in the lower crust of a collapsing cordillera, generating a phenocryst-rich mush and adiabatic melting of the lower crustal protolith to produce the spectacular Ollo de Sapo porphyrites, before (2) magma ascent and crustal extension leading to a different thermal regime around 483 Ma

On the 3n+l Quantum Number in the Cluster Problem

It has recently been suggested that an exactly solvable problem characterized by a new quantum number may underlie the electronic shell structure observed in the mass spectra of medium-sized sodium clusters. We investigate whether the conjectured quantum number 3n+l bears a similarity to the quantum numbers n+l and 2n+l, which characterize the hydrogen problem and the isotropic harmonic oscillator in three dimensions.Comment: 8 pages, revtex, 4 eps figures included, to be published in Phys.Rev.A, additional material available at http://radix2.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de/koch/Diss

Coulomb Explosion and Thermal Spikes

A fast ion penetrating a solid creates a track of excitations. This can produce displacements seen as an etched track, a process initially used to detect energetic particles but now used to alter materials. From the seminal papers by Fleischer et al. [Phys. Rev. 156, 353 (1967)] to the present [C. Trautmann, S. Klaumunzer and H. Trinkaus, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3648 (2000)], `Coulomb explosion' and thermal spike models are treated as conflicting models for describing ion track effects. Here molecular dynamics simulations of electronic-sputtering, a surface manifestation of ion track formation, show that `Coulomb explosion' produces a `heat' spike so that these are early and late aspects of the same process. Therefore, differences in scaling are due to the use of incomplete spike models.Comment: Submitted to PRL. 4 pages, 3 figures. For related movies see: http://dirac.ms.virginia.edu/~emb3t/coulomb/coulomb.html PACS added in new versio