The influence of infant irritability on maternal sensitivity in a sample of very premature infants

The relationship between maternal sensitivity and infant irritability was investigated in a short-term longitudinal study of 29 very preterm infants. Infant irritability was assessed at term with the Brazelton NBAS, the Mother and Baby Scales (MABS) and the Crying Pattern Questionnaire (CPQ). Maternal sensitivity was assessed by nurses' ratings in the neonatal care unit and at three months during motherinfant interaction observation. Cross-lagged panel analysis indicated that neonatal irritability did not influence sensitivity at 3 months nor did maternal sensitivity in the newborn period lead to reduced irritability at 3 months. Both irritability and maternal sensitivity showed moderate stability over time (r=.55 and r=.60, respectively). It is concluded that in early infancy maternal sensitivity shows little influence on infant irritability in very preterm infants

Pengaruh Iklan “Shopee Versi COD” Terhadap Minat Beli Melalui Aplikasi Shopee Dikalangan Mahasiswa Program Studi D3 Administrasi Bisnis Politeknik Negeri Samarinda

The marketing strategy that is currently being used is promotion through advertising. Advertising itself is a communication process that has an important power as a marketing tool in selling goods, providing services, and ideas through certain channels in the form of persuasive information. This study aims to analyze the influence of Shopee Advertisements "Shopee COD" version of the buying Interest through of Samarinda State Polytechnic Business Administration Students. The data of this study were obtained from a questionnaire (primary) distributed to students of the Department of Business Administration with the Purposive Sampling method. The population of this study was 412 students of the Department of Business Administration, the sample used in this study was 203 respondents. The classic assumption test used is the normality test. The hypothesis test used is simple linear regression.The results of this study indicate that there is a partial influence of Shopee Ads version of "Shopee COD" on the online buying interests of Business Administration students. Based on the coefficient of determination test (R2) stated Shopee Advertising has a contribution to online buying interest of 42.8% and the remaining 57.2% is influenced by other factors outside the stud

Basement-cover relations and internal structure of the Cape Smith klippe: A 1.9 Ga greenstone belt in northern Quebec, Canada

The Cape Smith Belt is a 380x60 km tectonic klippe composed of greenschistto amphibolite-grade mafic and komatiitic lava flows and fine-grained quartzose sediment, intruded by minor syn- to post-tectonic granitoids. Previously studied transects in areas of relatively high structural level show that the belt is constructed of seven or more north-dipping thrust sheets which verge toward the Superior Province (Archean) foreland in the south and away from an Archean basement massif (Kovik Antiform) external to the Trans-Hudson Orogen (Early Proterozoic) in the north. A field project (mapping and structural-stratigraphic-metamorphic studies) directed by MRS was begun in 1985 aimed at the structurally deeper levels of the belt and underlying basement, which are superby exposed in oblique cross-section (12 km minimum structural relief) at the west-plunging eastern end of the belt. Mapping now complete of the eastern end of the belt confirms that all of the metavolcanic and most of the metasedimentary rocks are allochthonous with respect to the Archean basement, and that the thrusts must have been rooted north of Kovik Antiform. The main findings follow

Does frenotomy help infants with tongue-tie overcome breastfeeding difficulties?

Q: Does frenotomy help infants with tongue-tie overcome breastfeeding difficulties? Evidence-based answer: Probably not. No evidence exists for improved latching after frenotomy, and evidence concerning improvements in maternal comfort is conflicting. At best, frenotomy improves maternal nipple pain by 10% and maternal subjective sense of improvement over the short term (0 to 2 weeks) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, randomized controlled trials [RCTs] with conflicting results for maternal nipple pain and overall feeding). No studies have evaluated outcomes such as infant weight gain following frenotomy. Experts don't recommend frenotomy unless a clear association exists between ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) and breastfeeding problems. Frenotomy should be performed with anesthesia by an experienced clinician to minimize the risk of complications (SOR: C, a practice guideline.

Qubit de chats et correction d’erreurs quantiques

La correction d'erreurs quantiques et les protocoles tolérants aux fautes ont été développés pour protéger l'information quantique d'inévitables erreurs affectant les bits quantiques, les qubits. Ces aspects de l'informatique quantique sont toutefois très coûteux en termes de ressources physiques ce qui représente un grand défi pour la réalisation expérimentale. Plusieurs études ont montré que les qubits présentant un modèle d'erreurs ayant une certaine structure dite asymétrique permettent l'optimisation de la correction d'erreurs et de protocoles tolérants aux fautes. Cette optimisation mène à l'amélioration de la performance de la correction d'erreurs et une diminution des ressources nécessaires aux algorithmes tolérants aux fautes. Dans ce mémoire, nous étudions le qubit de chats composé d'états chats stabilisés dans un résonateur supraconducteur micro-ondes dans l'architecture de l'électrodynamique quantique en circuit. Nous montrons que le modèle d'erreurs du qubit de chats, donné par la perte de photons, possède la propriété d'asymétrie. La performance de la correction d'erreurs est évaluée avec ce modèle d'erreurs et nous montrons qu'il est avantageux en principe d'utiliser le qubit de chats. Finalement, nous développons une opération quantique importante avec le qubit de chats. Cette opération permet l'intrication entre deux qubits et elle possède la propriété cruciale de préserver le bruit asymétrique, un aspect souvent impossible pour cette opération avec un qubit typique. L'utilisation de cette opération procure des avantages majeurs aux protocoles tolérants aux fautes permettant une protection efficace contre le bruit asymétrique

Infant feeding bottle design, growth and behaviour: results from a randomised trial

BACKGROUND: Whether the design of an anti-vacuum infant feeding bottle influences infant milk intake, growth or behavior is unknown, and was the subject of this randomized trial. METHODS: SUBJECTS: 63 (36 male) healthy, exclusively formula-fed term infants. INTERVENTION: Randomisation to use Bottle A (n = 31), one-way air valve: Philips Avent) versus Bottle B (n = 32), internal venting system: Dr Browns). 74 breast-fed reference infants were recruited, with randomisation (n = 24) to bottle A (n = 11) or B (n = 13) if bottle-feeding was subsequently introduced. Randomisation: stratified by gender and parity; computer-based telephone randomisation by independent clinical trials unit. SETTING: Infant home. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: infant weight gain to 4 weeks. SECONDARY OUTCOMES: (i) milk intake (ii) infant behaviour measured at 2 weeks (validated 3-day diary); (iii) risk of infection; (iv) continuation of breastfeeding following introduction of mixed feeding. RESULTS: Number analysed for primary outcome: Bottle A n = 29, Bottle B n = 25. PRIMARY OUTCOME: There was no significant difference in weight gain between randomised groups (0-4 weeks Bottle A 0.74 (SD 1.2) SDS versus bottle B 0.51 (0.39), mean difference 0.23 (95% CI -0.31 to 0.77). SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Infants using bottle A had significantly less reported fussing (mean 46 versus 74 minutes/day, p < 0.05) than those using bottle B. There was no significant difference in any other outcome measure. Breast-fed reference group: There were no significant differences in primary or secondary outcomes between breast-fed and formula fed infants. The likelyhood of breastfeeding at 3 months was not significantly different in infants subsequently randomised to bottle A or B. CONCLUSION: Bottle design may have short-term effects on infant behaviour which merit further investigation. No significant effects were seen on milk intake or growth; confidence in these findings is limited by the small sample size and this needs confirmation in a larger study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials.gov NCT00325208

A non-invasive reference-based method for imaging the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen by PET/MR: theory and error analysis

Positron emission tomography (PET) remains the gold standard for quantitative imaging of the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2); however, it is an invasive and complex procedure that requires accounting for recirculating [O-15]H2O (RW) and the cerebral blood volume (CBV). This study presents a non-invasive reference-based technique for imaging CMRO2 that was developed for PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the goal of simplifying the PET procedure while maintaining its ability to quantify metabolism. The approach is to use whole-brain (WB) measurements of oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) to calibrate [O-15]O-2-PET data, thereby avoiding the need for invasive arterial sampling. Here we present the theoretical framework, along with error analyses, sensitivity to PET noise and inaccuracies in input parameters, and initial assessment on PET data acquired from healthy participants. Simulations showed that neglecting RW and CBV corrections caused errors in CMRO2 of less than 10% for changes in regional OEF of 25%. These predictions were supported by applying the reference-based approach to PET data, which resulted in remarkably similar CMRO2 images to those generated by analyzing the same data using a modeling approach that incorporated the arterial input functions and corrected for CBV contributions. Significant correlations were observed between regional CMRO2 values from the two techniques (slope = 1.00 0.04, R-2 > 0.98) with no significant differences found for integration times of 3 and 5 min. In summary, results demonstrate the feasibility of producing quantitative CMRO2 images by PET/MRI without the need for invasive blood sampling