265 research outputs found
Nonimmunoglobulin E-Mediated Immune Reactions to Foods
<p/> <p>Adverse food reactions are abnormal responses to ingested foods. Reactions vary from immunologic to nonimmunologic immune reactions and can be either immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated or non-IgE mediated. Food-induced IgE-mediated reactions range from localized urticaria to anaphylaxis and have been well studied. However, in comparison, there has been significantly less research into non-IgE-mediated food reactions. Non-IgE-mediated reactions can cause respiratory, gastrointestinal, and cutaneous symptoms. The most recent evidence suggests that these reactions are probably T-cell mediated as evidenced in lymphocyte proliferation assays. This review will explore the symptoms and testing methods of the most common non-IgE-mediated reactions.</p
Pimecrolimus cream in the management of patients with atopic eczema
Atopic eczema is a common pediatric skin disorder. This review examines the use of pimecrolimus cream in the treatment of acute and chronic stages of the disease. The standard therapy is the treatment of acute flares with topical medications including pimecrolimus. The use of pimecrolimus cream for the first sign and symptoms of atopic eczema reduces the occurrence of flares as defined by the need for topical corticosteroids. The side effects of pimecrolimus cream are mild without any increase of infections or systemic immune suppression
Diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis
Eosinophilic esophagitis is a newer disease entity that has been diagnosed with increasing frequency over the past 10 years. Patients present with a variety of symptoms including vomiting, failure to thrive, abdominal pain, dysphagia, and/or food impaction depending on the age of the patient. The diagnosis is confirmed by endoscopy with eosinophilic inflammation localized to the oesophagus, an area typically void of eosinophils
Entanglement in an expanding spacetime
We show that a dynamical spacetime generates entanglement between modes of a
quantum field. Conversely, the entanglement encodes information concerning the
underlying spacetime structure, which hints at the prospect of applications of
this observation to cosmology. Here we illustrate this point by way of an
analytically exactly soluble example, that of a scalar quantum field on a
two-dimensional asymptotically flat Robertson-Walker expanding spacetime. We
explicitly calculate the entanglement in the far future, for a quantum field
residing in the vacuum state in the distant past. In this toy universe, it is
possible to fully reconstruct the parameters of the cosmic history from the
entanglement entropy.Comment: 4 pages, no figures; I. F-S published previously under Fuentes-Gurid
Dark Matter Detection in Space
I review prospects for detecting dark matter in space-based experiments, with
an emphasis on recent developments. I propose the ``Martha Stewart criterion''
for identifying dark matter candidates that are particularly worth
investigation and focus on three that satisfy it: neutralino dark matter,
Kaluza-Klein dark matter, and superWIMP gravitino dark matter.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Proceedings of the 2nd International
Conference on Particle and Fundamental Physics in Space, SpacePart0
Using Ultra Long Period Cepheids to Extend the Cosmic Distance Ladder to 100 Mpc and Beyond
We examine the properties of 17 long period (80-180 days) and very luminous
(median absolute magnitude of M_I= -7.93 and M_V= -7.03) Cepheids to see if
they can serve as an useful distance indicator. We find that these Ultra Long
Period (ULP) Cepheids have a relatively shallow Period-Luminosity (PL)
relation, so in fact they are more "standard candle"-like than classical
Cepheids. In the reddening-free Wesenheit index, the slope of the ULP PL
relation is ~10 times less steep than the standard PL relation for the SMC
Cepheids. The scatter of our sample about the W_I PL relation is 0.22 mag,
approaching that of classical Cepheids and Type Ia Supernovae. We expect this
scatter to decrease as bigger and more uniform samples of ULP Cepheids are
obtained. We also measure a non-zero period derivative for one ULP Cepheid (SMC
HV829) and use the result to probe evolutionary models and mass loss of massive
stars. ULP Cepheids main advantage over classical Cepheids is that they are
more luminous, and as such show great potential as stellar distance indicators
to galaxies up to 100 Mpc and beyond.Comment: Accepted for Publication in ApJ. 11 pages, 8 figure
World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) Guidelines update - IV - A quality appraisal with the AGREE II instrument
Since the publication of The World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) Guidelines in 2010, a number of other guidelines, expert opinions, and position papers relating to the management of cow's milk allergy (CMA) have been published. We aimed to systematically review the quality of the guidelines on CMA diagnosis and management in children and/or adults published between 2010 and 2020
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