Characterization of Etoxazole Resistance in Tetranychus urticae Populations Collected from Commercial Greenhouses & Fields in Ontario

In this investigation, etoxazole resistance was monitored in two spotted spider mite (TSSM) populations collected from commercial greenhouses in Ontario. The frequency of an etoxazole resistant, recessive target-site mutation, I1017F, in chitin synthase I (CHS1) was tracked within populations over the course of the study. Cytochrome P450 (P450) activity emerged as a possible alternative mechanism to resist etoxazole exposure in one population. Using genetic crossing between highly resistant mite populations and a susceptible lab population, filial (F1) hybrid populations were created. The recessive I1017F target-site mutation was abolished in F1 hybrids highly susceptible to etoxazole, while elevated P450 activity was not retained throughout the investigation. My data reinforces the critical role the CHS1 I1017F mutation plays in etoxazole resistance in TSSM. Evidence for detoxification of etoxazole by P450s could not be separated from the dominant effect of the I1017F target-site mutation and further investigation into this possibility is required

An aircraft Earth station for general aviation

While the focus has been international commercial air traffic, an opportunity exists to provide satellite communications to smaller aircraft. For these users equipment cost and weight critically impact the decision to install satellite communications equipment. Less apparent to the operator is the need for a system infrastructure that will be supported both regionally and internationally and that is compatible with the ground segment being installed for commercial aeronautical satellite communications. A system concept is described as well as a low cost terminal that are intended to satisfy the small aircraft market

Pier Paolo Pasolini

L'autore ripercorre il percorso umano e poetico di Pier Paolo Pasolini dalla primissima produzione in dialetto agli ultimi scritti