Teisės viešpatavimas kaip Europos žmogaus teisių konvencijos kelrodis – Strasbūro Teismas ir teisėjų nepriklausomumas

The rule of law is a principle of constitutional importance under the European Convention on Human Rights. For decades, it has guided the work of the Strasbourg Court. The article discusses the principle’s ideological core as a fundamental component of “European public order” and its three normative dimensions, as they find their expression in the case-law of the Court. The author then discusses in detail the rule of law’s most important structural principle under the Convention, the independence of the judiciary.Pagal Europos žmogaus teisių konvenciją (Žmogaus teisių ir pagrindinių laisvių apsaugos konvenciją) teisės viešpatavimas yra konstitucinės svarbos principas, dešimtmečius kreipęs Strasbūro Teismo jurisprudencijos raidą. Straipsnyje aptariami šio principo, kaip „Europos viešosios tvarkos“ pamatinio sando, ideologinė šerdis ir jos trys normatyviniai matmenys, kaip jie įtvirtinti Teismo jurisprudencijoje. Autorius toliau aptaria svarbiausią teisės viešpatavimo struktūrinį principą – teisėjų nepriklausomumą

Atlanta Symphony Orchestra

The Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, under the direction of Robert Spano, feature virtuoso pianist Tengku Irfan in their first KSU concert of the 2019-2020 season.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/musicprograms/2239/thumbnail.jp

Guest Artist Series: Jessica Rivera, soprano and Kelley O\u27Connor, mezzo-soprano with Robert Spano, piano

KSU School of Music presents 2013-14 Guest Artist Series featuring Jessica Rivera, soprano and Kelley O\u27Connor, mezzo-soprano with Robert Spano, piano.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/musicprograms/1286/thumbnail.jp

El Estado de Derecho como Estrella Polar de la Convención Europea de Derechos Humanos: El Tribunal de Estrasburgo y la independencia del poder judicial

The Rule of Law is a constitutional principle under the European Convention on Human Rights. Throughout its history, the rule of law has been the lodestar guiding the development on the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights. In recent years, the normative impact of this principle has been increasing in the case-law of the Court, in particular in cases dealing with the independence of the judiciary. The article discusses the conceptual core of the rule of law under the Convention system as a fundamental component of «European public order». Subsequently, the three-dimensional normative status of the rule of law is explored as well as the Court’s statement that the principle is «inherent in all the Articles of the Convention». On this basis, an in-depth analysis is undertaken of the application in recent Strasbourg case-law of the independence of the judiciary as a fundamental organic component of the rule of law. Finally. The author reflects on the «symbiotic» relationship in the field of judicial independence between the Strasbourg and the Court of Justice of the European Union.El Estado de Derecho es un principio constitucional consagrado en la Convención Europea de Derechos Humanos. A través de su historia, el Estado de Derecho ha sido la estrella polar que ha servido de guía a la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. En los últimos años, el impacto normativo de este principio se ha visto especialmente incrementado en casos relativos a la independencia judicial. El presente artículo discute la esencia misma del concepto del Estado de Derecho bajo el sistema de la Convención como elemento fundamental del «Orden Público Europeo.» De igual modo, se intenta explorar el estatus normativo tridimensional del Estado de Derecho de acuerdo con la propia declaración del Tribunal que señala que dicho principio es «inherente a todos los artículos de la Convención.» Sobre esta base, el artículo realiza un análisis profundo sobre la aplicación de la independencia judicial como elemento orgánico fundamental del imperio de la ley. Finalmente, el autor reflexiona sobre la relación simbiótica que existe en el ámbito de la independencia judicial entre el Tribunal de Estrasburgo y el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea

Deprivation of Liberty and Human Dignity in the Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights

In its landmark 2013 judgment of Vinter and Others v. the United Kingdom, the European Court of Human Rights held that a life sentence which is not de jure and de facto reducible amounts to a breach of the prohibition of inhuman and degrading punishment, as enshrined in Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The author, a judge of the Strasbourg Court, analyses the Vinter judgment both as it stands alone as well as how it fits into and, now, influences the Court’s case-law on Article 3 and 5 of the Convention, before reviewing the procedural requirements laid down by the Court for a ‘Vinter review’ of life sentences. In doing so, the author examines the underlying tensions between the conception of penal policy as falling within the exclusive domain of domestic decision-making and the individualistic and dignitarian notion of human rights in which the Convention system is firmly grounded. The article is based on the 2016 Bergen Lecture on Criminal Law and Criminal Justice which the author gave on 26 October 2016 at the Faculty of Law, University of Bergen.

Dual process in the Two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet diffusion

The two-parameter Poisson--Dirichlet diffusion takes values in the infinite ordered simplex and has a two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet stationary distribution ${\cal PD}(\alpha, \theta)$ . The dual process is in terms of a line-of-descent process which tracks the evolution of non-mutant frequencies from time zero, and Remarkably does not depend on the parameter $\alpha$. Methods of proof use the sampling distributions associated to the two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet process. We also exploit a connection between the sampling distribution and a generalized Blackwell and MacQueen P{\'o}lya urn model to obtain a direct derivation of the transition density

NFIRAOS First Facility AO System for the Thirty Meter Telescope

NFIRAOS, the Thirty Meter Telescope's first adaptive optics system is an order 60x60 Multi-Conjugate AO system with two deformable mirrors. Although most observing will use 6 laser guide stars, it also has an NGS-only mode. Uniquely, NFIRAOS is cooled to -30 C to reduce thermal background. NFIRAOS delivers a 2-arcminute beam to three client instruments, and relies on up to three IR WFSs in each instrument. We present recent work including: robust automated acquisition on these IR WFSs; trade-off studies for a common-size of deformable mirror; real-time computing architectures; simplified designs for high-order NGS-mode wavefront sensing; modest upgrade concepts for high-contrast imaging.Comment: ..submitted to SPIE 9148 Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation - Adaptive Optics Systems IV (2014

Coherent Signal Amplification in Bistable Nanomechanical Oscillators by Stochastic Resonance

Stochastic resonance is a counter-intuitive concept[1,2], ; the addition of noise to a noisy system induces coherent amplification of its response. First suggested as a mechanism for the cyclic recurrence of ice ages, stochastic resonance has been seen in a wide variety of macroscopic physical systems: bistable ring lasers[3], SQUIDs[4,5], magnetoelastic ribbons[6], and neurophysiological systems such as the receptors in crickets[7] and crayfish[8]. Although it is fundamentally important as a mechanism of coherent signal amplification, stochastic resonance is yet to be observed in nanoscale systems. Here we report the observation of stochastic resonance in bistable nanomechanical silicon oscillators, which can play an important role in the realization of controllable high-speed nanomechanical memory cells. Our nanomechanical systems were excited into a dynamic bistable state and modulated in order to induce controllable switching; the addition of white noise showed a marked amplification of the signal strength. Stochastic resonance in nanomechanical systems paves the way for exploring macroscopic quantum coherence and tunneling, and controlling nanoscale quantum systems for their eventual use as robust quantum logic devices.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figure

International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and performance

Position Statement: The position of The Society regarding caffeine supplementation and sport performance is summarized by the following seven points: 1.) Caffeine is effective for enhancing sport performance in trained athletes when consumed in low-to-moderate dosages (~3-6 mg/kg) and overall does not result in further enhancement in performance when consumed in higher dosages (≥ 9 mg/kg). 2.) Caffeine exerts a greater ergogenic effect when consumed in an anhydrous state as compared to coffee. 3.) It has been shown that caffeine can enhance vigilance during bouts of extended exhaustive exercise, as well as periods of sustained sleep deprivation. 4.) Caffeine is ergogenic for sustained maximal endurance exercise, and has been shown to be highly effective for time-trial performance. 5.) Caffeine supplementation is beneficial for high-intensity exercise, including team sports such as soccer and rugby, both of which are categorized by intermittent activity within a period of prolonged duration. 6.) The literature is equivocal when considering the effects of caffeine supplementation on strength-power performance, and additional research in this area is warranted. 7.) The scientific literature does not support caffeine-induced diuresis during exercise, or any harmful change in fluid balance that would negatively affect performance

Cryptosporidium Species and Subtypes and Clinical Manifestations in Children, Peru

One-sentence summary for table of contents: Different genotypes and subtypes are linked to different clinical manifestations